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2023-10-12
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[摘要]在合同中较多使用复合句能够将各方的权利和义务在有限的条款中完整明确地体现出来，确保合同句子结构的严谨性，以及文意的严密、细致，但也增加了合同翻译的难度。本文分析了英文合同法律文件中复杂句的特点，提出了在分析句子结构、成分的基础上，采用顺序法、逆序法及分译法翻译进行翻译的策略。
[关键词]合同法律文件复杂句翻译
我国与世界各国双边贸易日趋频繁，使得合同翻译成为一项必不可少的工作程序。合同是当事人之间设立、变更、终止民事法律关系的协议。因此，合同翻译至关重要，其内容直接影响合同双方的利益。如何做好合同法律文件的翻译，保证中方的利益不因合同文本的翻译而招致损失越发具有现实的意义。其中，由于合同的严肃，严谨，严密性，导致复合句的应用较多，而结构复杂的`复合句的翻译恰是保证整体翻译效果和准确性的关键。
一、要翻译好结构复杂的复合句，首先要了解商务英文合同的句式特点
商务合同作为一种实用文体，在词汇使用方而具有与其他文体不同的特，如用词正式规范，大量使用商务术语、法律术语及其他具有法律语言特点的正式词语。因而商务合同的翻译要求译者具有一定的专业知识。在句式结构方面，商务合同也与其他文体迥异。商务合同英语常不以易于理解为目的，大量使用复合句。究其根源，还是源于商务合同英语的文体属性。作为法律文书，商务合同规定各方当事人的权利和义务，合同文字的表达必须完整、细致、严谨、明晰。而英语的复合句，可以包含多个从句。从句之间的关系可能包容、限定，也可能并列平行，因此，在合同中较多使用复合句能够将各方的权利和义务在有限的条款中完整明确地体现出来，确保合同句子结构的严谨性，以及文意的严密、细致。但是复合句中往往包含若干从句、修饰语等等，有时会显得臃肿、晦涩，无疑会增加理解英文合同的难度，与此同时也增加了合同翻译的难度。
二、要掌握商务英文合同复合句的翻译方法
商务合同中英文复合句的出现频率高，句子结构复杂，逻辑性强，无疑给译者增添了许多困难，但是，无论多长的句子，多么复杂的结构，它们都是由一些基本的成分组成的。只要弄清了合同原文的句法结构，找出整个句子的中心内容及各层意思，然后分析各层意思之间的逻辑关系，再按汉语的特点和表达方式组织译文就可以保证合同翻译的准确性。合同复合句的分析方法具体要遵循以下步骤：首先，译者要找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，即句子的主干结构，其次，要找出句子中所有的谓语结构、非谓语结构、介词短语和从句的引导词，然后再分析从句和短句的功能，即：是否是主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句或状语从句等，以及词、短语和从句之间的关系。最后，分析句子中是否有固定搭配，插入语等其他成分。
(1) The Architect may issue instructions requiring a variation and he may sanction in writing any variation made by the Main Contractor otherwise than pursuant to an instruction of the Architect. No variation required by the Architect or subsequently sanctioned by him shall vitiate this Contract. The Main Contractor shall, in accordance with clause 2(1) of these Conditions, comply with all instructions issued to him by the Architect under clause 11 of these Conditions. For the avoidance of doubt, it is acknowledged and accepted by the Main Contractor that the provision of and/or the agreement on the valuation of any variations arising out of or in connection with or as a consequence of any instruction issued by the Architect shall in no case be a pre-requisite for the commencement of the execution of the variation works on site and irrespective of whether or not the variation works have actually been commenced on site, the provisions of clause 2(1) of the Conditions of Contract shall always apply. 建筑师可以发出指令要求做出变更，也可以书面批准总承包商未按建筑师指令直接做出的变更。建筑师所要求的变更以及他事后所确认的变更不会使合同失效。总承包商应根据本条款第2(1)条的规定，遵照执行建筑师根据本条款第11条向其发出的所有指令。为避免疑义，总承包商应承认并接受，由建筑师发出的任何指令所产生的或与之相关的或由此造成的任何变更，相应的条款和/或协议在任何情况下都不能构成现场执行变更工作的先决条件，同时，不管变更工作是否已在现场开始，本合同条款的第2(1)条始终适用。……(简言之，总包需严格执行AI，即使VO没批也得先动工)
(2) The term 'variation' as used in these Conditions means the alteration or modification of the design, quality or quantity of the Works as shown upon the Contract Drawings and described by or referred to in the Contract Bills, and includes the addition, omission or substitution of any work, the alteration of the kind of standard of any of the materials or goods to be used in the Works, and the removal from the site of any work, materials or goods executed or brought thereon by the Main Contractor for the purposes of the Works other than work, materials or goods which are not in accordance with this Contract. 本合同条件中的“变更”一词是指合同图纸上所标示的、清单中描述所依据的本工程的设计、质量和数量的更改及调整，包括任何工程的增加、减少或替代，工程拟用材料、产品的标准的更改，以及从工地上移除任何总包为履约而已经实施的工程、已运来的材料及产品，但不符合本合同要求的工程、材料和产品除外。
(3) The Architect shall issue instructions in regard to the expenditure of prime cost* and provisional sums included in the Contract Bills and of prime cost sums which arise as a result of instructions issued in regard to the expenditure of provisional sums. Subject to any express provision to the contrary contained in the Contract Bills or any instruction of the Architect, the quantity of work for any _Provisional_ item included in the Contract Bills shall at the time of remeasurement and valuation of the Works be omitted and in its place shall be added any such work as may have been required by the Architect. Subject to any instruction of the Architect, both such omission and addition shall be valued at the rates contained in the Contract Bills for such _Provisional_ items and not otherwise. 建筑师应当就（合同清单中涵盖的）暂估价、暂列金额的支出，以及（就暂列金额支出签发指令而产生的）暂估价总额的支出签发建筑师指令。根据合同清单中的任何明确规定或建筑师的任何指令，合同清单中涵盖的任何“暂列金额”子项的工程量在重新计量计价时需被删除，并在清单原处增加任何建筑师要求的类似工作（以替代删除项）。根据建筑师的指令，“暂列金额”子项的取消或增加需严格按合同清单列明的单价来计价。
(4) All variations required by the Architect or subsequently sanctioned by him in writing and all work executed by the Main Contractor for which provisional sums are included in the Contract Bills (other than work for which a tender made under clause 27 (g) of these Conditions has been accepted) shall be measured and valued by the Quantity Surveyor (or by the Building Services Engineer for variations and works pertaining to building services installation) who shall give to the Main Contractor an opportunity of being present at the time of such measurement and of taking such notes and measurements as the Main Contractor may require. The valuation of variations and of work executed by the Main Contractor for which a provisional sum is included in the Contract Bills (other than work for which a tender has been accepted as aforesaid) unless otherwise agreed shall be made in accordance with the following rules建筑师所要求的全部变更或者建筑师随后书面批准的变更，以及总承包商实施的全部工程(已按照本合同条款27(g)条投标且中标的工程除外)，包括合同清单中的暂列金额项目，均需由工料测量师RLB利比(或建筑服务顾问JRP，如果变更和原工作与建筑安装工程有关)计量估价。若总承包商提出要求，工料测量师应在现场收方时给总包在场记录、实测的机会。除非另有协议，总包完成的变更和工作，包括合同清单中的暂列金额项目(前述的已中标工程除外)，其估价应按以下规则进行: -
(a) The prices in the Contract Bills shall determine the valuation of work of similar character executed under similar conditions as work priced there in工程量清单中的单价需做为(新增的)类似子目的定价依据;
(b) The said prices, where work is not of a similar character or executed under similar conditions as aforesaid, shall be the basis of prices for the same so far as may be reasonable, failing which a fair valuation thereof shall be made, 如果该变更工作与合同清单中的子目特征不同，或者不是在前述的类似施工条件下完成的，则清单中的类似子目价可在合理程度内做为该变更工作的定价依据，如不适用则应单独定价,
(c) Where work cannot properly be measured and valued the Main Contractor shall be allowed daywork rates如果该变更工作不便于测量和评估，应采用计日工方式给总承包商计价:
(i) at the rates inserted by the Main Contractor in the Contract Bills; or 按照总承包商在合同清单中填写的单价，或
(ii) where no such rates have been inserted, the Quantity surveyor shall determine rates that are reasonable; Where no such rates have been inserted for labour, at such rates as the Quantity Surveyor (or the Building Services Engineer for variations and works pertaining to building services installation) shall determine as being reasonable. 当(清单中)没有这样的工日单价时，则按照工料测量师RLB利比(或建筑服务顾问JRP，如果变更和原工作与建筑安装工程有关)确定的合理单价进行计价。
(iii) where materials are specifically provided for work valued under subclause (4) (c) of this Condition such materials shall be valued at cost plus the cost of packing, carriage and delivery with an addition of fifteen ten percent (15%10%) for overheads and profit. 当为本工程所特供的材料是按照本条款(4)(c)所估价的，该材料的定价应为成本加包装费、运输费和派送费之和再加上10%的管理费和利润.
(iv) where construction plant are specifically provided for work valued under sub-clause 4(c) of this Condition such construction plant shall be valued at cost of hiring plus the cost of transportation, fuel, maintenance and insurance with an addition of ten percent (10%) for overheads and profits. 当施工设备是按本条款第4(c)条的要求而特供的，则该施工设备的定价应为租赁费加运输费、燃料费、维修保养费、保险费之和再加上百分之十(10％)的管理费和利润。
Provided that in any case vouchers, specifying the time daily spent upon the work (and if required by the Architect the workmen' names) and the materials employed, shall be delivered for verification to the Architect or his authorized representative not later than the end of the week following that in which the work has been executed; 但是，在任何情况下，记录有工作时间明细的凭证(以及工人姓名，如建筑师另有要求)和所使用的材料应提交给建筑师或其代表核实，提交时间不迟于完工后的一周内。
(d) The prices in the Contract Bills shall determine the valuation of items omitted; provided that if omissions substantially vary the conditions under which any remaining items of work are carried out the prices for such remaining items shall be valued under rule (b) of this sub-clause. 合同工程量清单中的单价将决定所删减项目的单价；但是如果工程删减实质性地改变了合同要求，而剩余工程将按照更改后的要求来实施，那么该剩余子目的价格需按照本条款(b)条规定予以评估。
(e) If required by the Architect the Main Contractor shall within fourteen days of the Architect' s written request submit a detailed estimate of the value of any variation. The Main Contractor shall within fourteen days upon receipt of any written instruction or written sanction issued by the Architect pursuant to sub-clause(1) of this clause, or in the case of an oral instruction given by the Architect at the same time the Main Contractor submits his written confirmation to the Architect on the oral instruction, submit a bona-fide justification and detailed estimate of the value of any variation issued or sanctioned or confirmed. Submission of an estimate or a quotation without any detailed build-up will not be accepted as complying with the requirements of this sub-clause. 总承包商应在收到建筑师根据本条款第(1)条发出的任何书面指令或书面同意的14天内，或在建筑师发出口头指令且总承包商已提交口头指令的书面确认文件后，针对所有已指令的、已同意的或已确认的变更，提交一份真实的报告和对变更额的详细评估。仅提交估价或报价而无明细说明将视为不符合要求而不被接受。……(简言之，14天内必须提交变更的索赔额及明细，否则索赔不再被接受)
(5) Effect shall be given to the measurement and valuation of variations under subclause (4) of this Condition in Interim Certificates and by adjustment of the Contract Sum; and effect shall be given to the measurement and valuation of work for which a provisional sum is included in the Contract Bills under the said sub-clause in Interim Certificates and by adjustment of the Contract Sum in accordance with clause 30 (5)(c) of these Conditions. Provided that the Main Contractor’s compliance with the requirement of sub-clause (4)(e) of this clause within the fourteen days period stipulated shall be a condition precedent to his entitlement to the opportunity of being present at the time of measurement and of taking notes and measurements as stated in sub-clause(4) of this clause for the purpose of effecting the measurement and valuation of variations with net additions to be given in Interim Certificates and by adjustment of the Contract Sum. 本条款第(4)条中所述的变更的计量计价应在中期付款证书中通过调整合同总价的方式来实施。同时，前述条款中对于合同清单所含的暂列金额的计量计价，应按照本合同条款第30(5)(c)条执行，在中期证书中通过调整合同总价的方式来实施。总承包商在规定的十四天期限内遵守本条款第(4)(e)条的约定，是其获得如本条款(4)中规定的在现场收方时有资格到场、记录和实测实量的先决条件，符合后方可在中期证书中通过调整计量、变更净增加额及合同总额来实施。……(简言之，14天内必须提交变更的索赔额及明细，方有机会计价及调整合同额，否则丧失索赔权)
(6) If upon written application being made to him by the Main Contractor, the Architect is of the opinion that a variation or the execution by the Main Contractor of work for which a provisional sum is included in the Contract Bills (other than work for which a tender made under clause 27(g) of these Conditions has been accepted) has involved the Main Contractor in direct loss and/or expense for which he would not be reimbursed by payment in respect of a valuation made in accordance with the rules contained in subclause (4) of this Condition and if the said application is made within a reasonable time of the loss or expense having been incurred, then the Architect shall either himself ascertain or shall instruct the Quantity Surveyor to ascertain the amount of such loss or expense. Any amount from time to time so ascertained shall be added to the Contract Sum, and if an Interim Certificate is issued after the date of ascertainment any such amount shall be added to the amount which would otherwise be stated as due in such Certificate. The written application by the Main Contractor shall include a fully detailed and substantiated claim showing the justification and build-up of such loss and/or expense claimed by the Main Contractor and shall be made within sixty days of the commencement of the event giving rise to such loss and/or expense. Any lapse of time longer than sixty days shall be deemed to be an unreasonably distant time for the above stated purpose and the Main Contractor shall be deemed to have waived his rights to such claim based on the aforesaid justification and build-up. The provision of the fully bona-fide detailed and substantiated build-up at the time the written application is submitted is a prerequisite for any claim under this heading being accepted for consideration. Notification only of a future intention to submit a claim under this heading or a claim submitted without any bona-fide justification and details will not be accepted as complying with the requirements of this clause. In the event of the Main Contractor failing to comply with these requirements, the amount of the loss and/or expense to which the Main Contractor may be entitled shall be as determined by the Architect or the Quantity Surveyor based on his own estimate without the obligation to review the required details which may be available later after the due date as stipulated. 在收到总承包商的书面申请后，如果建筑师认为，某个变更或者总包实施的属于合同清单中暂列金额子项的某个工程(按照本合同条件27(g)款所投标且已中标的工程除外)已经使总包遭受直接损失和/或额外开支，但是总承包商不能按照基于本条款第(4)条的规则做出的估价予以付款从而得到补偿，并且该申请是在损失或支出发生后的合理时间内提出的，那么建筑师应该自己或者指示工料测量师(RLB利比)确认损失或额外开支的金额。以此方式确定的金额应随时加到合同总价中。如果中期付款证书是在该金额确定之后签发的，那么该金额应加到证书所述的应付款中。总承包商提交的书面申请应包括一份真实且详细的索赔，说明总承包商索赔的理由及相关损失和/或开支的明细，并应在事件发生后的六十天内上报该损失和/或费用。任何超过六十天的时间应视为上述目的的不合理时间，总承包商应被视为已放弃对建立在前述理由、费用明细之上的索赔权。在提交书面申请时，提供真实的明细和有理有据的论证是本条款下任何索赔接受审议的先决条件。仅有意向通知，没有提供任何正当理由和详细资料的索赔，则会被视为不符合本条款的要求而不被接受。如果总承包商未能遵守这些要求，建筑师或工料测量师(RLB利比)可根据自己的评估确定总承包商本可有权索赔的损失额，且无义务来审查承包商在规定的截止日期后才提交的明细资料。……(简言之，Provisional Sum中总价400万的暂列金额(NDSC型甲指分包)工作的索赔有效期为60天)
* The term 'prime cost' may be indicated by the abbreviation '.' in any document relating to this Contract (including the Contract Bills), and wherever the abbreviation is used it shall be deemed to mean 'prime cost'. 在所有和本合同(及合同清单)相关的文件中，专有名词“Prime Cost暂估价”可能意指缩略词“.”；但是，只要改缩略词出现，无论何处，皆默认意指“Prime Cost暂估价”。
It is expressly agreed that clause 23 of the Standard Conditions of Contract is deleted and is replaced by the following 双方明确同意删除标准条款第23条全文并以下文取代:
(1) Upon it becoming reasonably apparent that the progress of the Works is delayed, or is likely to be delayed, the Main Contractor shall forthwith give written notice, but no later than fourteen days after the occurrence of the event which causes or is likely to cause the progress of the Works to be delayed, to the Architect of the material circumstances including the cause or causes of the delay. The Main Contractor shall, if practicable in such notice or otherwise in writing as soon as possible after such notice, give particulars of the expected effects of the delay, or potential delay, and shall estimate the extent, if any, of the expected delay to the completion of the Works beyond the Date for Completion stated in the appendix to the Standard Conditions of Contract or beyond any extended time previously fixed under either this Special Condition of Contract or clause 33(1)(c) of the Standard Conditions of Contract. The Main Contractor shall give such further notices, if the delay is still on going, on a monthly basis for keeping up-to-date the particulars and estimate of the expected delay to the completion of the Works. 一旦工程进度已明显滞后或将要滞后，总承包商应立即书面通知建筑师相关的重大情况，包括延误的原因，该通知不得迟于已造成或可能造成工程延期事件发生后的十四天内。总承包商应在通知中(如可行)或在该通知发出后尽快以书面形式详细说明延误或潜在延误将造成的预期后果，并应评估预计延期的程度(如有发生)，该评估需与标准合同条件附录中约定的完工时间或本合同特殊条件或标准合同条件的33 (1)(c)条确定的时间做对比。如果延误在持续进行，总承包商应进一步发出通知，按月更新，以便(建筑师)及时了解该延期事件的详细情况和预计的延误时间。
(2) If, in the opinion of the Architect, upon receipt of any notice, particulars and estimate given by the Main Contractor under sub-clause (1) of this Special Condition of Contract, the completion of the Works is likely to be or has been delayed beyond the Date for Completion stated in the appendix to the Standard Conditions of Contract or beyond any extended time previously fixed under either this Special Conditions of Contract or clause 33(1)(c) of the Standard Conditions of Contract, 如果建筑师在收到任何总承包商基于本合同特殊条件条款(1)的要求提交的通知、明细和评估数据后，认为与标准合同条件附录中原定的完工日期或本合同特殊条件或标准合同条件条款33 (1)(c)明确顺延后的日期相比，本工程将要延期或者已经延期，是
(a) by force majeure, or 因为不可抗力，或
(b) by reason of Architect's instructions issued under clauses 1(2) (subject always to the provisions of clause 1(3)), 11(1) or 21(2) of the Conditions of Contract, or 因为建筑师基于本合同条款1(2) (在符合1(3)条款的前提下)、11(1)或21(2)发出的建筑师指令，或……(简言之，AI建筑师指令)
(c) by reason of the Main Contractor not having received in due time necessary instructions, drawings, details or levels from the Architect for which he specifically applied in writing on a date which having regard to the Date for Completion stated in the appendix to the Standard Conditions of Contract or to any extension of time then fixed under this Special Condition of Contract or clause 33(1)(c) of the Standard Conditions of Contract was neither unreasonably distant from nor unreasonably close to the date on which it was necessary for him to receive the same, or 因为总承包商没有及时收到建筑师提供的必要指令、图纸、详图(大样)或标高，并且就这些文件总承包商已明确用书面形式申请并在特定时间发出，该时间既不能与标准合同附录中明确的完工日期或本合同特殊条件或标准合同条款第33(1)(c)条明确批复的顺延后日期相比有过长的不合理间隔，又不能和建筑师必要的接收时间相隔太近。……(简言之，总包未及时收到必要施工依据，且已及时书面通知到位，并给建筑师留有合理的回复时间)
(d) by delay on the part of artists, tradesmen or others engaged by the Employer in executing work not forming part of this Contract, or 由于业主雇用的艺术家、工匠或者第三方在实施本合同范围外的工作中造成的延误，或……(简言之，与业主直接签订合同的第三方，如地连墙分包新利)
(e) by reason of the opening up for inspection of any work covered up or of the testing of any of the work, materials or goods in accordance with clause 6(3) of the Conditions of Contract (including making good in consequence of such opening up or testing), unless the inspection or test showed that the work, materials or goods were not in accordance with this Contract, (for the avoidance of doubts, at least two full working days' written notification for inspection before work is covered up is a condition precedence for granting of any extension of time), or (总承包商)根据合同条款第6(3)条，剥露已覆盖的隐蔽工程以供建筑师检查，或供其检测任何工程，材料或者产品(包括这些剥露、查验随后的修复工作)，查验结果合格的，(为避免疑义，在进行隐蔽工程覆盖前，至少应提前2个完整的工作日书面通知发包人来检查，此为给予任何工期顺延的先决条件)，或者
(f) by reason of compliance with the provisions of clause 34 of the Standard Conditions of Contract or with Architect's instructions issued thereunder, or 由于执行标准合同条款第34条的规定(即发现地下文物而停工)或建筑师随后发出的指令，或
(g) by reason of the Main Contractor not being given possession of the Site or any part or relevant part thereof in accordance with the Contract, or 由于场地未按合同规定移交给总承包商，或者任何局部或相关部分未移交，或
(h) by reason of any act of prevention or neglect or breach of contract by the Employer, his servants or agents, 由于业主、其雇员或代理人的任何阻止、疏忽或违约行为，
(i) by reason of inclement weather conditions, being rainfall in excess of twenty millimetres in a twenty-four-hour period (midnight to midnight) as recorded by Macao Meteorological and Geophysical Bureau station nearest to the Site, and/or its consequences adversely affecting the progress of the Works, or 由于恶劣天气发生，离工地最近的澳门地球物理暨气象局监测站记录到24小时内(午夜到午夜)总降雨量超过20mm，且/或降雨后果严重影响到工期；或
(j) by reason of the hoisting of tropical cyclone warning signal No. 8 or above or the announcement of a Black Rainstorm Warning, 由于8级或以上热带气旋登陆，或有黑色暴雨警告发布，
then the Architect shall so soon as he is able to estimate the length of the delay beyond the date or time aforesaid make in writing a fair and reasonable extension of time for completion of the Works and notify the Main Contractor accordingly. Provided always that the Main Contractor shall use constantly his best endeavours to prevent delay and shall do all that may reasonably be required to the satisfaction of the Architect to proceed with the Works. For the avoidance of doubt, any extension of time granted shall include any day which is Sunday, Statutory and DSSOPT announced non-construction Holiday and if the length of the delay is assessed to be less than half day, no extension of time will be granted and if the length of delay is assessed to be more than half day but not up to full day, only a half-day extension of time will be granted. 此时，建筑师应尽快估算超出上述日期或时间的延误天数，以书面形式公平合理地顺延工期，并相应地通知总承包商。总承包商应尽其最大努力防止延误，尽力按照建筑师合理要求实施本工程。为避免疑义，所有已批复的顺延天数应包含星期日、法定假期和土地工务运输局宣布的非施工生产假期的任何一天。如果延误的时长经评估后不足半天，工期将不予顺延；如果延误时间超过半天但不满一天，则只顺延半天。
For the avoidance of doubt, the lack of construction permit or consent does not fall into any of the above sub-clauses (2)(a) to (2)(j). There shall be no extension of time granted due to the lack of construction permit or consent. 为避免疑义，缺乏施工许可或同意，不属于上述第(2)(a)至(2)(j)条的任何一种情况。由此造成的工期延误，一律不予顺延。
(3) In determining any extension of time to which the Main Contractor may be entitled, the Architect shall not be obliged to take into account any cause or event unless the Main Contractor shall have notified the Architect in the manner specified in SCC 23(1) of this Special Condition of Contract, and in addition has within twenty-eight days of the cause or event or if the cause or event lasts for more than twenty-eight days, within twenty-eight days upon the cessation of the cause or event supplied to the Architect: 在审批总承包商可能有权获得的任何延期时，建筑师无义务考虑任何延期原因或事件，除非总承包商已按本合同特殊条款SCC 23(1)规定的方式通知过建筑师，且在延期事件发生后的二十八天内，或当延期事件持续超过二十八天时在该事件结束后的二十八天内，已提供以下资料给建筑师：
(i) full details of the effect of the event on the progress of the works on site; and 该事件对本工程现场进度影响的详细情况; 和
(ii) full details of the effect of the event on other trades or activities, including the works of sub-contractors on site; and 本事件影响其他专业(工程)或活动的详细情况，包括现场分包商的工作内容；和
(iii) full details of the steps to be taken by the Main Contractor to comply with his obligation to prevent the delay. 总承包商为尽其义务避免延误所采取的详细措施。
Provided that the Main Contractor's compliance with the requirements of SCC 23 including compliance with the period for notification and supply of bona-fide details to the Architect, shall be a condition precedent to his entitlement for an extension of time based on the full details supplied to the Architect as stated in sub-clauses (i), (ii) and (iii). In the event of the Main Contractor failing to comply with these requirements, the extension of time to which the Main Contractor may be entitled, shall be as determined by the Architect based on his own estimate without the obligation to review the required details which may be available later after the due date as stipulated the Main Contractor shall not be entitled to any extension of time under the Main Contract or otherwise. (但规定)总承包商遵守SCC23的要求，在规定的时间内，根据本条款第(i), (ii)和(iii)条的要求向建筑师提供全部详细资料，是其行使延期权的先决条件。如果总承包商未能遵守这些要求，总承包商本可有权顺延的工期应由建筑师根据自己的评估而定，且建筑师无义务来审查承包商在规定的截止日期后才提供的明细资料。
(4) At any time before the issue of a Final Certificate in respect of the Works the Architect shall be empowered, either upon the application in writing by the Main Contractor or the Employer or upon his own motion, to review and amend in any manner whatsoever any previous decision made under sub-clause (2) of this Condition or SCC 22(3) of the Special Conditions of Contract PROVIDED THAT in case any earlier decision by the Architect on extension of time is to be reviewed and adjusted in favour of the Main Contractor in relation to such previous decision the Main Contractor shall have has fully complied with the requirements of this clause. 在签发相关工程的竣工结算证书之前，建筑师有权在收到总承包商或业主的书面申请时，或由其自行决定，以任何方式审查和修改先前根据本条款第(2)条或合同特殊条件的SCC 22(3)条做出的任何延期许可，如果其受益人是总包方。且就此前的延期许可而言，总承包商已完全符合本章节相关条款的要求。
(5) The Main Contractor is not entitled to claim for extension of time due to the delay to the progress of the Works by reason of protest or demonstration or the subsequent effects. 对于抗议活动、示威游行或其随后的影响，总承包商无权要求延长工期。
(6) If the Employer considers that the completion of the works as stipulated in the appendix to these conditions or any extended date for completion would be/has been delayed due to the reasons other than that stipulated in SCC 23(2), the Employer may issue instruction to the Main Contractor to complete any one or more parts in priority. The Main Contractor shall comply with the instruction at no extra time and cost to the contract. 如果业主认为由于除SCC 23(2)项所述之外的原因，本合同附录所规定的竣工日期或任何顺延后的工期都将/已经被推迟，业主可以向总承包商发出指令，以优先完成任何局部工程。总承包商应遵守该指令，且不得索偿工期、费用。
本合同由以下双方签订：
甲方：_________________
住所地：_______________
乙方：_______________
住所地：_______________
双方经平等协商，一致达成如下协议。
第1条定义本合同有关用语的含义如下：
甲方：_______________
乙方：_______________
用户：指接受或可能接受_____公司服务的任何用户。
信息：指乙方按本合同向甲方提供并许可使用译文。
第2条业务内容及价格
甲方要求乙方将委托之文件翻译为_____(语种)。
翻译：甲方应向乙方支付劳务费用，由_____翻译为_____(语种)，收费标准为译后的每千中文字符数(电脑统计，不计空格为准)_____元人民币；其他语种翻译另议。
支付时间：_____
第3条提供译文
乙方同意按甲方书面要求之日期完成其委托翻译之任务。
乙方应将译文于_____交给甲方。
乙方按照乙方制定的质量翻译标准进行翻译作业，此质量翻译标准为鉴定译文品质之唯一标准。
乙方有义务在甲方书面或电子邮件通知后对译文所出现的错误进行及时免费修改。
乙方将提供甲方一份电子翻译文件和书面翻译文件，并盖乙方翻译章。
第4条许可使用译文
乙方许可甲方利用译文制作成各式文档公开登载和展示。
甲方：
乙方：
关于甲方委托乙方进行资料翻译事宜，双方经过认真协商，特制订协议如下：
1. 翻译质量
乙方应当保证译文的翻译质量达到行业公允的水平，如对译文的翻译水平发生争议，应由双方共同认可的第三方评判，或者直接申请仲裁。
2. 修改与补充
全部价款付清之后，作业乙方应负责稿件的再次修改、审校，不得收取任何费用，但不包括甲方新增加、修订的部分。 中止翻译：如甲方在乙方翻译过程中，要求中止翻译，甲方须根据乙方的翻译进度，按乙方已经翻译的字数，以协定的单价计算翻译费给乙方
3. 资料保密
乙方保证不泄露翻译稿件的客户商业秘密及个人隐私。对于甲方委托的翻译稿件中所涉及内容及相关信息，乙方不得泄露稿件中任何内容及商业秘密。由于乙方保护不当或其他人为原因致乙方稿件内容泄露或信息流失，所造成的一切损失，概由乙方承担全部责任。
4. 仲裁
甲乙任何一方不按本协议履行其职责，视为违约，另一方可以提出质疑并要求对方纠正，若对方不纠正，另一方可以提出经济赔偿或中止协议要求，赔偿额不少于实际损失额。若通过仲裁机构解决时，新产生的诉讼等费用由败诉方承担。
5. 协议文种、份数
此协议用中文写成，共两份，甲方一份，乙方一份。传真件与协议正本一同有效。
客户委托单 （无法填写的项目，可不填写）
姓名：
电话：
传真：
手机：
联系地址
甲方：（签章）
乙方：（签章）
日期：
日期：
______________公司(以下简称甲方)因业务需要，聘用______________ (以下简称乙方)为兼职翻译员。双方本着平等自愿的原则，经协商一致签订本合同并共同遵照执行。
一、 乙方自愿接受甲方聘用，担任甲方的兼职翻译员，并根据甲方需要不定期参加笔译工作。
二、 乙方担任甲方兼职译员的主要职责如下：
1. 熟练掌握笔译的有关理论，方法和技巧，以保证翻译工作的质量。
2. 乙方一经要求接受某一工作后，则务必贯穿工作的始终，并在保证质量的前提下，按时完成任务。
3. 乙方保证翻译工作的正常进行，若确因乙方有不可抗拒的因素而无法继续该项目的翻译工作时，需提前通知甲方并提出足够理由及相关证明，甲方酌情解决。
4. 对于相关文稿、专利、版权、商业秘密、商标及其它知识产权的翻译，甲方享有唯一所有权。乙方无权以任何形式，包括直接、间接、口头书面等形式将一切本协议第一条规定的保密信息向任何第三方提供、复制或销售。乙方及其相关人员不得使用甲方作为保密内容的技术谋利，也不得出售或赠与这些保密内容给任何第三方从事生产或经营。若乙方不遵守保密原则，甲方有权扣除相关劳务费并要求乙方赔偿甲方的相关经济损失，同时乙方立即除名作为惩罚。
5. 乙方在合同期内，不得利用甲方翻译人员的身份从事与甲方委托项目无关的活动，不得利用为甲方提供翻译服务的机会在未得到甲方许可的情况下和客户联系并为客户提供翻译业务,否则视为放弃本合同所约定的所有乙方权利，甲方将依法追究乙方的法律责任并索取经济赔偿。
三、 乙方受聘后即视为接受本合同约定的.惩罚条例和有关管理制度。
四、 译员服务报酬与个人信息
1、劳动报酬：语种 中译外按 _______元每千中文字结算 ，外译中按 _______元每千中文字结算：字数核算以word字数统计中第二行_字数_为准。
2、个人信息：姓名：____________ 性别：____________ ___________年龄：____________
手机号码：____________
邮箱地址：____________
3、接收稿费之银行账户信息：
持卡人姓名：____________
开户行名称：____________
银行卡号：____________
说明：
(1) 甲方在隔月的 _______日支付乙方当月所有稿费，如果乙方未按时交稿，则需相应的扣除此项目的劳务费。
(2) 若客户对翻译质量不满意，乙方需及时对稿件进行及时修改并交付至甲方。稿费的支付根据修改后的交稿时间顺延。
五、 乙方受聘后，为甲方编外兼职人员，不享受甲方的劳动保险，劳动保护和福利待遇。
六、 本合同有效期为一年。
七、 本协议一式两份，甲乙双方各执一份，同等有效。
甲方公章： ______________乙方签名：______________
负责人签名：____________ 身份证号：______________
_________年 _______月 _______日 ___________年 _______月 _______日
甲方：
乙方：
甲方委托乙方进行互联网在线翻译服务项目，甲、乙双方在平等、互利、自愿原则上，经协商签订本合同，共同信守。为明确甲、乙双方的权利和义务，经友好协商，达成如下协议：
一、项目情况
甲方委托乙方翻译(项目名称/内容)： 关于多伦多威斯汀王子酒店购买合同 ，英文翻译字数为11770字;
二、交付时间
双方协定翻译稿件交付日期为年9点之前如乙方未能在指定时间完成翻译任务，在甲方同意的情况下，翻译费用按单价乘以应完成天数除以实际完成天数的方式计算翻译价格。
三、保密内容
1、甲方提供给乙方的所有稿件及翻译后的`文件(包括书面及电子文档)均为乙方需要保密的信息，乙方不得以任何方式向第三方披露其内容;乙方及其工作人员只能在翻译工作进行时使用该信息，未经甲方书面同意，不得为自身或第三方的利益使用或试图使用该信息;2、 一旦甲方发出通知，乙方应立即向其归还所有保密信息(包括书面文件及电子文档);
3.乙方应遵守职业道德，对其译文的准确性和对内容的保密性负责。甲乙双方也可根据需要，签订详细的保密协议，但不负与此文件有关的任何其他责任。不管甲方的商业利润如何，乙方均有权获得翻译费。
四、权利与义务
3、乙方需确保所翻译内容的准确性，如翻译内容不准确，乙方需按
要求进行修改，直到甲方满意为止。
四、翻译费用及付款方式
1、计价方式，按照翻译的时间和方式进行计算;
2 账号，费用共计人民币1290元;
四、本协议一式两份，甲乙双方各执一份，此协议自双方签订之日起生效。具有同样法律效力。
甲方(公章)：_________ 乙方(公章)：_________
法定代表人(签字)：_________ 法定代表人(签字)：_________
_________年____月____日 _________年____月____日
甲方（著作权人）：地址：
乙方（出版者）：国籍：地址：（主营业所或住址）：
合同签订日期：地点：
第一条甲方授予乙方在保同有效期内，在（国家、地区）以图书形式用（文字）翻译、出版册（印数）上述作品译本（下称_译本_的专有使用权。
第二条甲方保证拥有第一条授予乙方的权利。如因上述权利的行使侵犯他人菱权，甲方承担全部责任并赔偿因此给乙方造成的损失，乙方可以终止合同。
第三条为翻译的目的，甲方应免费向乙方在在内提供上述作品的本加工副本。
第四条乙方根据本合同第十七条的规定，为获得出版译本的权利，向甲方支付报酬，支付方式为：
（一）版税：（货币单位）[译本定价x%（版税率）x销售数（或印数）]；（例如文学作品8%，科技作品10%）或
（二）一次性付酬：（货币单位）（例如文学作品每千字20元，科技伤口每千字25元）如果译本的最后定价高出预计定价，乙方应在译本出版后按%增加向甲方支付的报
乙方在本合同签订后月内，向甲方预付%版税，其余版税开出版后第月结算期分期支付，或在月内一次付清。
第五条乙方负责安排有资格和有能力的译者对作品进行准确性确的翻译，译者姓名和其资格证明应送交甲方，未经甲方事先书面同意，不得删节、增加或以其他方式修改作.
第六条有磁译本的质量问题，由甲乙双方商定。
甲方：乙方：
关于乙方接受甲方委托，进行资料翻译事宜，经甲乙双方同意，签订以下翻译合同。
1。稿件说明：
文稿名称：
翻译类型为：英译中/中译英
总翻译费为：
交稿时间：
2字数计算：
无论是外文翻译成中文。还是中文译成外文，都以汉字字数计价，按电脑工具栏字数统计的_字符数（不计空格）_为准。小件翻译：不足1000字按1000字计算。
3。笔译价格（单位：RMB/千字）
中译英___元英译中___元
4付款方式
签订合同之日甲方支付总翻译费的50%即人民币_____元，甲方接收译稿后3日内支付全部翻译费余款。
5。翻译质量：
乙方翻译稿件需准确，通顺，简洁得体。一旦出现质量问题，乙方有义务无偿为甲方修改一到两次。力求满足甲方要求。如果因质量问题发生冲突，应该提请双方认可的第三方评判，或直接申请仲裁
6原稿修改与补充：
如甲方原稿修改，而需乙方对译文作相应修改，根据修改程度酌量收取改稿费，或在收取原稿翻译费后，对修改稿按单价重新计费。如补充翻译，则另行收费。中止翻译：如甲方在乙方翻译过程中，要求中止翻译，甲方须根据乙方的翻译进度，按乙方已经翻译的字数，以协定的单价计算翻译费给乙方
7交稿方式：
乙方可根据具体需要，采取以下交稿方式中的任一种来交稿：打印稿、电脑软盘、传真、电子邮件。
8版权问题：
乙方对于甲方委托文件内容的版权问题不负责，由甲方负全责。保密性：乙方以翻译为业，遵守翻译职业道德，对其译文的保密性负责。
本合同一式二份，双方各执一份，授权人签字，盖章生效。传真件有效。
甲方：（签章）乙方：（签章）
甲方：_________________________
乙方：_________________________
根据《_合同法》、《翻译服务规范》、《笔译服务报价规范》等有关法律法规，本着自愿、平等、诚实守信的原则，甲乙双方协商一致，签订本协议。
第一条术语和定义
1、2译件：指乙方按甲方要求在约定的时间交付给甲方的翻译文件成品。
1、3源语言：指原件所采用的语言。
1、4目标语言：指译件所采用的语言。
1、5字数统计：根据GB/T19363、1—20xx《翻译服务规范第1部分：笔译》、，中外互译，按中文“字符数/不计空格”计算；外外互译，不论是源文本还是目标文本，除韩文（“字符数/不计空格”计算）外均按单词数量计算；以千单词为单位。
1、6插图：指文本框、图框、艺术字、图片等，其内容无法使用word统计字数。
1、7图纸：指用绘图软件等绘制的图形文件，其内容无法使用word统计字数。
1、8工作日：指除星期六、星期日和_法定节假日之外的任何一日。工作日以日为计算单位，正常工作时间满8个小时为一日。
1、9协议期限：指协议双方经过协商共同约定的协议有效期。
1、10协议变更：指协议双方约定的协议内容的变化和更改。
第二条服务内容及要求
2、1甲方委托乙方进行的翻译服务项目。
2、2源语言和目标语言以及其他服务要求根据具体翻译服务任务确定（可以“项目需求清单”等方式另行约定）。
第三条协议期限
本协议有效期为年。自年月日始，至年月日止。
本协议期满后，甲乙双方经协商一致，可重新签署翻译服务合作协议。
第四条翻译费用及支付
4、1工作量：根据本协议第二条甲方委托乙方进行的翻译服务项目统计，由甲乙双方签字确认。
4、2翻译单价：人民币元/千字。
4、3翻译服务加急费：人民币元/千字。
4、4翻译费用按实际发生工作量，按月（季、半年）度结算，每月（季、半年）度末乙方汇总相关翻译服务工作完成清单，经甲方确认后开具发票；甲方在收到发票后个工作日内支付翻译费用（如遇节假日或特殊情况顺延）。
4、5对于零星但又需要签署合同的小额业务，可每完成一次结算一次（见附录B翻译服务确认单）。
第五条权利和义务
5、1甲方权利与义务
a）甲方有权要求乙方按照本协议约定提交译件；
b）在本协议有效期内，甲方应以书面方式向乙方提出具体服务要求；
c）甲方有权对乙方的翻译服务进行监督检查；
d）甲方有权要求乙方对其服务过程中存在的问题进行整改。甲方如对乙方交付的译件有异议，应在收到译件之日起个工作日内向乙方提出修改意见，若甲方逾期未提出修改意见的，则视为译件质量达到甲方要求；
e）甲方应按本协议约定向乙方提供原件或参考资料，对乙方的澄清要求做出答复，配合乙方翻译开展服务工作；
f）甲方应保证所提供的文件资料没有违反_法律法规、国际法，否则应承担全部责任；
g）甲方应按本协议约定向乙方支付翻译服务费用。
5、2乙方权利与义务
a）乙方有权要求甲方提供翻译原件和相关背景资料；
b）乙方有权对甲方提供的资料提出澄清和咨询要求；
c）乙方有权按照协议收费标准向甲方收取翻译费用；
d）乙方应根据甲方的要求在规定的期限向甲方提供合格的翻译服务；
e）乙方应在规定时间内按照甲方的修改意见修订翻译稿件；
f）乙方应确保译文准确、通顺；
g）乙方应按本协议规定的期限提交译件。
第六条协议变更
本协议的变更必须由双方协商一致，并以书面形式确定。本协议期满前任何一方均可书面通知另一方终止或修改本协议，但须提前发出书面通知，对于终止或修改前已经发生的翻译服务费用，双方应据实结算。
第七条通讯
7、1在本协议有效期内，甲乙双方指定的项目联系人及联系方式如下：
甲方：乙方：
联系人：联系人：
本协议由甲方：___________（以下简称“甲方”）地址：__________________和乙方：____________翻译服务有限公司（以下简称“乙方”）地址：__________________________签订，并自双方签订之日起生效。
文件名称__________________________
翻译时间：________________________
一、甲方聘请乙方为其提供笔译服务（由源语言译成目标语言）
二、乙方应为甲方提供的信息保密，并且不得披漏（或许可其雇员披漏）信息予其机构以外任何其他人。乙方及其工作人员只能在翻译工作进行时使用该信息，未经甲方先书面同意，不得为自身或第三方的利益使用或试图使用该信息。
三、甲方提供信息及其相关所有专利，版权，贸易秘密，商标及其它知识产权的唯一所有人。本协议未授予或暗示乙方对此类权利的`任何许可或转让。
四、对于相关文稿，专利，版权，贸易秘密，商标及其它知识产权的翻译，甲方享有唯一所有权。乙方无权向任何第三方提供，复制或销售该译稿。
五、乙方若违反以上条款应承担相关的法律责任。
六、本协议一式两份，具有同等法律效力。甲乙双方各持一份。
本合同的附件与合同正文具有同等的法律效力。
甲方：____________________
乙方：____________________
（盖章）
客户负责人：______________
日期：____________________
甲方：____________________
乙方：____________________ 甲乙双方经友好协商，就乙方为甲方提供__________语口译服务达成协议如下： 1.期限
口译服务时间为________年_____月_____日到________年_____月_____日，共__________天。服务天数从乙方翻译人员与甲方人员见面的当天起(包含)，到乙方翻译人员与甲方人员分手的当天为止(包含)。不足一天，也按一天计算。 2.服务地点及具体内容
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