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成人礼是在少男少女到一定年龄时举行的象征其迈向成人阶段的仪式。中国的成人礼相传在西周时已有定制，近年来不少中学也在学生高中毕业前夕为他们举行成人仪式，活动形式各具特色。例如，有的组织学生身着汉服，行古礼，诵古文；有的邀请学生家长一起参与，共同见证；还有举行“单车成人礼”的，成人礼车队骑行数十公里，沿途参观名胜，慰问福利院老人，最后迈入“成人门”。
要求：①自选角度，确定立意，自拟标题，文体不限。②不要脱离材料内容及含意的范围。③不少于800字。④不得套作，不得抄袭。
（写作指导）
所给材料讲的是成人礼的历史和现在成人礼的几种形式。可依材料中的“形式”，写成记叙文；也可以以抒情为主写成散文；当然，最好写的还是议论文。写议论文时，可以先确定一个中心论点（何种成人礼才是最好、最有意义的），然后分述几个论据（举例子证明）；作文结构最好是总分总的形式。
（例文）
十八岁成人礼感言
从这一刻起，扬帆起航，我，十八岁了。
回眸处，记忆的光芒冲破青春的迷雾。十八岁，是最曼妙的青春史诗，星星点点缀满十八岁的星光，闪烁在每一个青春的足迹里……
十八岁，凝聚无限幻想的岁月。幻想着，“轻轻的我走了，正如我轻轻的来”“我挥一挥衣袖，不带走一片云彩”；幻想着，康河的柔波里“你是人间的四月天”的倾城绝恋；幻想着，江南雨巷里那撑着油纸伞的姑娘的愁绪里的幸福；幻想着，三月的春帷揭开，过客不是美丽的错误，是思妇等待的幸福。十八岁的少女遐思给予青春无限美好的幻想，那是青春的号角；给予追逐青春的勇气，追逐彼岸的幻想。
十八岁，把信念紧紧握在手心里。没有像但丁一样向往佛罗伦萨，没有像海明威一样遥望乞力马扎罗，没有像梭罗一样眷恋瓦尔登湖的涟漪……但我的十八岁选择了信念。选择陪伴海子一起“面朝大海，春暖花开”，不因眼前的阴云遮住天边的彩虹；选择陪伴顾城一起用黑色的眼睛寻找光明，不因眼前的困难否定明天的灿烂。诚然，淡淡的忧伤，甜甜的记忆会随岁月而流逝，十八岁，给予青春另一季，让信念坚守，下一个美丽的季节，春泥孕育着另一簇芬芳的春花。让十八岁把信念握紧，指引你前进的船帆。
十八岁，我选择把信念写为坚强，让坚持向十八岁的青春宣誓。我读懂了《简·爱》里，简对生活的坚强；读懂了《复活》里，玛斯洛娃让灵魂复活的坚强；读懂了《欧也妮·葛朗台》里，欧也妮在利诱下的坚强……我没有选择像傲世的林家女，把眼泪滴落在余香犹存的花锄上；没有选择像三毛，把美丽的青春化作撒哈拉的沙尘……因为，十八岁的我把信念铭刻上坚强，为未来掌舵，做青春的勇敢者，做未来的寻梦人。
十八岁赋予了青春幻想，牢牢地握紧青春的信念，带着追求青春的坚强，这是十八岁赋予青春的使命。注定要像海燕一样，在波涛汹涌里展翅飞翔；注定要像鸿雁一样，在漫无边际里寻觅归途的方向。如果你可以，那么让奋斗的泪水与汗水滋润你美丽的十八岁；如果你可以，那么让希望的光亮照耀你美丽的十八岁。让我们这群同路的寻梦人在十八岁的起点，携手前行，奔向未来，向青春挥手召唤！
在梦里，你微微地向我笑着，我倚靠在窗棂边，把烟雨里的树影读成写你的诗。光阴带走了我的寄托，我把梦留给了你……如诗，如烟，如画的十八岁！
（点评）
本文拟题紧扣材料中心，立意角度精准；正文部分，围绕中心，用“并列式”的结构，构成了四个排比段，层层深入地论述；结尾处运用优美的语句照应开头，升华中心，给人昂扬向上的感觉。
成人高考专升本语文模拟测试题
一、 选择题
1. 下列词语中加点字的读音完全相同的一组是：( )
A 恶心 厌恶 恶贯满盈
B 模型 模样 模棱两可
C 剥削 瘦削 削足适履
D 荷花 荷载 荷枪实弹
2. 下列词语中没有错别字的一组是：( )
A 不胫而走 旁证博引 即往开来
B 鞭辟入里 变本加厉 瑕瑜互见
C 轻歌曼舞 始作勇者 一愁莫展
D 以逸代劳 谈笑风生 变换莫测
3. 依次填入下面句子中横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是：( )
①地球生物圈是自然界经过长期___形成的，它是人类生命活动的基础。
②终身教育改变了学校教育的功能，毕业证的获得并不意味着学习的___。
③舟曲地区多处山洪___，空前的泥石流灾害使人民生命财产蒙受巨大损失。
A 演化 终止 暴发
B 演化 中止 爆发
C 变化 终止 爆发
D 变化 中止 暴发
4. 下列各句中加点的成语使用正确的一项是：( )
A 毕业后，同学们虽然天各一方，不能常常见面，但是一直都藕断丝连，彼此牵挂。
B 老师强调，班委成员之间要注意团结协作，要在分庭抗礼中 共同推动班集体发展。
C 竞争对手的公司成立较晚，却后来居上，迅速占领的技术市场，真可谓祸起萧墙。
D 在这次国际杂技邀请赛中，中国队参赛选手又拿出了不少令观众拍案叫绝的作品。
5. 下列句子有语病的一项是：( )
A 由于在交通路口设置了“非机动车禁驶区”，机动车就可以免收得机动车干扰，从
而加快行驶速度。
B 国际社会普遍认为，海洋资源的开发利用将成为人类走出人口剧增、资源枯竭、
环境恶化困境的重要选择。
奉献自己
怎样的生命更有意义？苹果说：“把自己完整地奉献出去。”
——题记
动物王国经常举行长跑比赛，为提高选手们的成绩，动物体育运动组委会决定确定一名动物领跑员。领跑员需要有很强的奔跑能力。
但问题是，领跑员是要做出牺牲的，因为在前领跑而过早地消耗体力，往往会丧失夺冠的机会，甚至落在后面，难以取得好成绩，对于一个运动员来说，无疑是十分残酷的。谁愿意充当这个角色呢？猎豹是运动员中具有很强的实力的选手。它说：“我愿意当领跑员。”一开始，大家不相信，但直到动物运动组委会做出了让猎豹领跑的决定，大家才相信。大家为猎豹的奉献精神感动，纷纷赞扬它。但猎豹很平静：“能为动物体育事业做贡献是我的荣幸。”
动物长跑竞赛不断进行。每次猎豹都一马当先在前面领跑。大家在猎豹的领跑之下，个个激情高涨，像风一样奔向终点，比赛成绩比好，梅花鹿、狮子等先后取得冠军，但猎豹却没能取得好成绩，但它并不在意。它只想如何完成领跑任务。它每次都把领跑任务完成得十分完美，为此，它感到很充实。
渐渐地，动物们发现，猎豹的短跑速度迅速提高，短距离内，无人能敌。
，动物体育运动大会决定实行短跑比赛。猎豹像往常一样，一开始就加快速度，向终点奔去，当它第一个到终点是，其他动物都远远地落在后面。猎豹发现自己得了冠军，心里纳闷，我从来就没想拿第一，今天怎么得了冠军呀？
领奖台上，大象把金光闪闪的奖牌挂在猎豹脖子上，动物们发出了雷鸣般的掌声，经久不息。此后，猎豹成为短跑的终身冠军。它奔跑起来迅疾如风，没有任何动物能与之一争高下。
猎豹把自己奉献给动物体育事业，太阳把自己奉献给大地，春雨把自己奉献给干涸的树木，花儿把自身的芬芳送给世界。.。.。.它们因奉献而美丽，它们因奉献而高尚。让我们像苹果那样，像猎豹那样，奉献出完整的自己！以《爱》为话题作文：[提示]
面对这道开放性的题目，首先要放飞联想，搜寻自己生活、阅读中所积累的素材，然后根据占有的材料和自己的特长选择文体。
写记叙文，首先要注意材料的选择。当你从亲身经历中选取某一事件展开叙述时，可以就近联想相类似的其他事件，用其他事件的细节丰富完善作文的内容；或者用相反事件进行反衬，强化文章的表现力。其次要讲究结构的安排。可以只写一件事，按情节发展推进故事；也可撷取若干事件，以片段组合的形式，表现“爱”的主旨。写议论类的文章，除了论点鲜明、论据典型、论证的思路清晰之外，能写出一定的文采。
成人高考专升本英语试题
Ⅰ. Phonetics(10 Points)
Directions:
In each of the following groups of words, there are four underlined letter combinations marked A, B, C and D. Compare the underlined parts and identify the one that is different from the others in pronunciation. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
. head B. horizon C. honour D. human
. city B. bicycle C. face D. climb
. think B. these C. breathe D. with
. ground B. country C. thousand D. found
. pour B. hour C. course D. four
. both B. post C. cold D. son
. altogether B. talk C. always D. also
. suggestion B. nation C. dictation D. satisfaction
. started B. closed C. waited D. needed
. rare B. fare C. scare D. are
Ⅱ.Vocabulary and Structure(40 points)
Directions:
There are 40 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose one answer that best completes the sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
11. _______ idea of _______ sounds much better than Clare’s.
A. The, hers B. That, her C. That, hers D. One, her
12. China is famous ________ the Great Wall.
A. about B. for C. as D. of
13. Our school ________ new facilities.
A. is equipped with B. equips with C. will be equip with D. has equip with
14. I made this myself but it was _______ who taught me.
A. he B. him C. himself D. by him
15. He had his bicycle _______ yesterday.
A. repair B. repairing C. repaired D. be repaired
16. It was a ________ room, with beautiful wall paper, waxed floor and nice furniture.
A. pleased B. pleasant C. pleasing D. preasant
17. He regretted _______the decision too hastily.
A. make B. to make C. making D. have maked
18. The professor insisted that we _______ our homework before next month.
A. handed in B. will hand in C. hand in D. must hand in
19. It ______ me of the country which we visited last summer.
A. remembers B. recalls C. reminds D. tells
20. He _______ smoking at last.
A. gave up B. gave out C. gave in D. gave off
21. John was _______ he lay down for an hour before dinner.
A. so tired as B. so tired that C. too tired that D. too tired so
22. Your answer is different ________ the teacher’s.
A. to B. at C. from D. with
23. It would be _______ a risk to leave the baby alone.
A. running B. passing C. carrying D. obeying
24. The fact _______ his health is bad is not true.
A. which B. that C. as D. what
25. These ______ did unusually well in the contest, so the judges didn’t know whom to give prize to.
A. woman singers B. women singers C. women singer D. womans singers
26. Man must stop _______ the earth’s atmosphere.
A. filling B. wasting C. polluting D. blackening
27. We can’t _______ another 100 kilometers any more.
A. have B. turn C. make D. reach
28. Is Mary ______ to join in us?
A. supposed B. exposed C. supported D. indicated
29. I want to be told all _______.
A. which happen B. which happened C. that had happened D. that had been happened
30. We’ve all heard of Thomas Edison, _______ who invented the electric light and many other things.
A. man B. a man C. the man D. men
31. Don’t tell me such things _______ you are not certain.
A. that B. which C. those D. as
32. _______ a microscope we can see different kinds of things that are unable to be seen by our naked eyes.
A. In terms of B. In place of C. By means of D. By far
33. Jackson went to work ______ his illness.
A. besides B. even though C. in spite of D. although
34. Anybody will do, _______ he is responsible for that.
A. as far as B. so far as C. as long as D. as soon as
35. I suppose they have known about it, _______?
A. am I B. am not I C. have they D. haven’t they
36. It ______ him ten years to write that novel.
A. took B. spent C. cost D. costed
37. The students are looking forward to _______ their holidays in Japan.
A. spend B. spending C. for spend D. spent
38. They all ______ mentioning that girl.
A. avoided B. got away C. ran . escaped
39. Human beings should find a new _______ of energy.
A. orient B. source C. origin D. souse
40. The couch is comfortable to _______.
A. sit B. be sat C. sitted D. sit on
41. So loudly _______ that all the people in the room got a fright.
A. he shouted B. shout he C. did he shout D. he did shout
42. He is the only one of the sons in the family who ______ received high education.
A. are B. is C. have D. has
43. We think of Mr. Li ______ our good friend.
A. is B. to be C. as D. has been
44. The mountain is 1,000 feet _______ the sea level.
A. over B. higher C. above D. high
45. The road will be blocked if there _______ another snow.
A. is B. will be C. to be D. will have
46. David like country life and has decided to _______ farming.
A. get hold of B. get along with C. go in for D. go thorough
47. These children have an advantage _______ those in calculation.
A. over B. than C. to D. with
48. Shanghai has a larger population than _______ in China.
A. any city B. any other cities C. other city D. any other city
49. In some countries there are a lot of young people now need _______teeth.
A. false B. untrue C. wrong D. erroneous
50. This book costs ______ that one.
A. twice more B. twice more as C. two times more as D. twice as much as Ⅲ. Cloze (20 points)
Directions:
For each blank in the following passage, there are four choices given below and marked A, B,
C and D. Choose the one that is most suitable and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Smoking, which may be a pleasure for some people, is a serious source of discomfort for their fellows. _51_, medical authorities express their concern about the effect of smoking _52_ the health not only of those who smoke but also of those who do not. In fact, non-smokers who
must involuntarily inhale (吸入) the air _53_ by tobacco smoke may suffer more than the smokers _54_.
Smoking is prohibited in the theatres and in halls used for showing films _55_ in laboratories _56_ there may be a fire hazard (危险). Elsewhere, it is up to your good _57_.
I am _58_ asking you to maintain “No-Smoking” in classrooms and seminar rooms.
This will prove that you have the _59_ health in mind, which is very important to a large _60_ of our students.
. Still B. Further C. More D. Again
. in B. to C. on D. with
. polluting B. be polluted C. polluted D. to be polluted
. them B. themselves C. their own D. they
. and B. but C. as well as D. also
. where B. which C. that D. how
. feeling B. sense C. realize D. think
. so B. next C. therefore D. and
. non-smokers B. non-smokers’ C. non-smoker’s D. non-smoker
. number B. amount C. many D. much
Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension (60 points)
Directions:
There are four reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions. For each question there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.
Passage One
All the housewives who went to the new supermarket had one great ambition: to be the lucky customer who did not have to pay for her shopping. For this was what the notice just inside the entrance promised. It said: “Remember, once a week, one of our customers gets free goods. This May Be Your Lucky Day!”
For several weeks Mrs. Edwards hoped, like many of her friends, to be the lucky customer. Unlike her friends, she never gave up hoping. The cupboards in kitchen were full of things which she did not need. Her husband tried to advise her against buying things but failed. She dreamed of the day when the manager of the supermarket would approach her and say: “Madam, this is Your Lucky Day. Everything in your basket is free.”
One Friday morning, after she had finished her shopping and had taken it to her car, she found that she had forgotten to buy any tea. She dashed back to the supermarket, got the tea and went towards the cash-desk. As she did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket approach her. “Madam,” he said, holding out his hand, “I want to
congratulate you! You are our lucky customer and everything you have in your basket is free!”
61. The housewives learnt about the of free goods _______.
A. on TV B. from the manager
C. at the supermarket D. from the newspaper
62. Mrs. Edwards ________.
A. is always very lucky B. had no friends
C. hoped to get free shopping D. gets disappointed easily
63. Mrs. Edwards’s husband tried to ________.
A. make her unhappy B. cheer her up
C. buy things with her D. stop her buying things
64. Mrs. Edwards went back to the supermarket quickly because she had to _______.
A. buy another thing B. talk to the manager
C. pay for her shopping D. find her shopping
65. Mrs. Edwards must have been ________.
A. pleased B. delighted C. proud D. disappointed
Passage Two
Deep inside a mountain near Sweetwater in East. Tennessee is a body of water known as the Lost Sea. It is listed by the Guinness Book of Would Records as the world’s largest underground lake. The Lost Sea is part of an extensive and historic cave system called Craighead Caverns.
The caverns have been known and used since the days of the Cherokee Indian nation. The cave expands into a series of huge rooms from a small opening on the side of the mountain. Approximately one mile from the entrance, in a room called “The Council Room,” many Indian artisfacts have been found. Some of the items discovered include pottery, arrowheads, weapons, and jewelry.
For many years there were persistent rumors of a large underground lake somewhere in a cave, but it was not discovered until 1905. In that year, a thirteen-year-old boy named Ben Sands crawled through a small opening three hundred feet underground. He found himself in a large cave half filled with water.
Today tourists visit the Lost Sea and ride far out onto it in glass-bottomed boats powered by electric motors. More than thirteen acres of water have been mapped out so far and still no end to the lake has been found. Even though teams of divers have tried to explore the Lost Sea, the full extent of it is still unknown.
66. The Lost Sea is unique because it is ________.
A. part of a historical cave system
B. the biggest underground lake in the world
C. listed in the Guinness Book of World Records
D. the largest body of water in Tennessee
67. The Craighead Caverns have been known ________.
A. through history B. since the time of the Indian nations
C. since 1905 D. since divers explored them
68. Who located the Lost Sea in recent times?
A. The Cherokee Indians. B. Tourists.
C. Ben Sands. D. Scientists.
69. What was found in “The Council Room”?
A. A small natural opening. B. A large cave.
C. Another series of rooms. D. Many old Indian objects.
70. It can be inferred from the passage that the Craighead Caverns presently serve as __
A. an underground testing site B. an Indian meeting ground
C. a tourist attraction D. a motor boat race course
Passage Three
Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is one life’s essentials. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.
But for many people the thought of food first thing in the morning is by no means a pleasure. So despite all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures are available, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast, increased by 33 percent.
For those who feel pain of guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years indicate that, for adults especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect performance,” said Arrold E. Bender, former professor of the nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve performance.”
Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance is surprisingly inadequate, and most of the recent work involves children, not adults, “The literature”, says one researcher, Dr. Erresto at the University of Texas, “is poor”.
71. The latest year for which figures could be obtained is _______.
A. the year the author wrote the article B. 1977
C. any year between and 1983 D. 1983
72. For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that _______.
A. several studies have been done in the past few years
B. the omission of breakfast does no harm to one’s health
C. adults have especially made studies in this field
D. eating little in the morning is good for health
73. “…nor does giving people breakfast improve performance” means ______.
A. anyone without breakfast does improve his performance
B. not giving people breakfast improve performance
C. having breakfast does not improve performance, either
D. people having breakfast do improve their performance
74. The word “literature” in the last sentence refers to _______.
A. stories, poems, plays, etc. B. written works on a particular subject
C. any printed material D. the modern literature of America
75. What is implied but NOT stated by the author is that _______.
A. breakfast does not affect performance
B. is engaged in research work at an institution of higher learning
C. not eating breakfast might affect the health of children
D. Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in London
Passage Four
About 35% of all high school graduates in America continue their education in an institution of higher learning. The word college is used to refer to either a college or a university. These institutions offer four-year programs that lead to a Bachelor of Arts (.) or Bachelor Science
(.) degree. Some students attend a junior college (providing only a two-year program) for one to two years before entering a four-year college as a sophomore (二年级生) or junior (三年级生).
It is generally easier to be accepted at a state university than at a private one. Most private schools require strict entrance examinations and a high grade point average (GPA), as well as specific college prep classes in high school. Private schools cost considerably more than state colleges and famous private schools are very expensive. Poorer students can sometimes attend, however, by earning scholarships. Some college graduates go on to earn advanced masters or doctoral degrees in grad (graduate) school. Occupations in certain fields such as law or medicine require such advanced studies.
Since college costs are very high, most students work at part-time jobs. Some have full-time jobs and go to school part-time. Often some will take five or more years to complete a four-year program because of money / job demands on their time.
While the college and work demands take up the great part of a student’s time, most still enjoy social activities. Sports, dances, clubs, movies, and plays are all very popular. However, gathering together for long, philosophical talks at a favorite meeting place on or near the university is probably the most popular activity.
76. College education is _______ in America.
A. quite common B. very rare
C. something difficult D. almost impossible
77. Which of the following is NOT required for entering most private schools.
A. entrance examinations B. taking part in many activities
C. GPA D. college prep classes
78. How can poor students attend private schools?
A. Only by working at part-time jobs. B. Only by working at full-time jobs.
C. Only by earning scholarships. D. All of above.
79. The American college students like to _______ most of all.
A. discuss problems on philosophy B. play balls
C. earn enough money D. go to the cinemas or theatres
80. The best title for this passage is _______.
A. Part-time jobs B. American college
C. Popular activity D. A new system
Ⅴ. Writing (20 points)
Directions:
For this part, you are allowed 20 minutes to write a composition of about 80 words according to the following topic.
金钱是一切吗？(Is Money Everything?)
参考答案
Ⅰ. Phonetics
1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D
Ⅱ. Vocabulary and Structure
11．C 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．C 16．B 17．C 18．C 19．C 20．A
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．B 26．C 27．C 28．A 29．C 30．C
31．D 32．C 33．C 34．C 35．D 36．A 37．B 38．A 39．B 40．D
41．C 42．D 43．C 44．C 45．A 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．A 50．D
Ⅲ. Cloze
51．B 52．C 53．C 54．B 55．C 56．A 57．B 58．C 59．B 60．A
Ⅳ. Reading Comprehension
61．C 62．C 63．D 64．A 65．D 66．B 67．B 68．C 69．D 70．C
71．D 72．B 73．C 74．B 75．C 76．A 77．B 78．D 79．A 80．B
Ⅴ. Writing
In Money Everything?
I don’t think money is everything, but we can’t do without it. Fox example, money can’t buy us happiness and a good education. And for another example, money can’t buy us good health and a long life. But we can not live without money. We need it for our daily necessities such as food, clothes and transportation. What’s more, we need it to live a better life. In short, we should learn the value of money and make the most of its advantages
科技中国，大美中华
广大的外国青年你们好！鉴于中国日益发展，获得了你们的不断关注，今天我将分享有关中国的两个方面——共享单车和移动支付的内容，与你们谈谈我心中的的科技中国，我梦想中的大美中华。
聊及共享单车，想必广大外国留学生应该不陌生。中国的企业对这一项有利于民心的工程给予了巨大的帮助，完成了_部门都难以实施的一项任务，解决了广大人民群众出行“最后一公里”的麻烦，并不比国外相对宽阔的道路，楼下随处可见的“小黄”、“小橙”、“小蓝”实则解决中国人出行的一个“老大难”问题。同时，随着科技文明的不断发展，人们环境保护意识的不断增强，从汽车回归到单车，并且采用“共享”的形式，用科技改善生活，服务人类，也是人心所向，时代所趋。【】
“共享单车”的中国，我只需打开手机，轻轻一扫，便可骑着单车在街道上行驶，方便快捷。我感觉风冲激身体的舒适，细闻风中夹杂的花草香，无比享受。生活在这样的中国，我没有单车却可以“共享”单车，感受共享所带来的美好，感慨能生于今日之中国。
说完共享单车，当然还不得不继续谈及移动支付。当今社会，购物消费早是十分常见的行为。而随着电子支付的逐渐发展，用纸币支付因所带来的不便捷而不断走向落没，这时新科技下产生的移动支付便因其十分的便捷而日趋强势。“支付宝”、“余额宝”、“微信支付”等等利用手机端绑定银行账号便可方便快捷完成购物支付等付费行为的新生事物不断出现，满足了广大消费者快速支付的需求，更便捷了人们的生活。
“移动支付”的中国，我只要拿出手机，轻轻一滴，就能带走我在超市所购买的物品，再也不用随身携带厚重的钱包，更不必再担心忘带钱包的尴尬。身处这样的中国，我减少了对现金支付的烦恼，幸运能生于今日之中国。
广大的外国青年，在我的介绍中，你们对中国又有了更深一步的了解吧！当然，这两者只是科技发展中国的一隅，还有更多的方面期望你们去了解。
作为一名中国高中生，希望你们能在对中国的不断认识中感受中国科技的力量，发现中华优秀文化。我心中的的科技中国，我梦想中的大美中华。
16.下列各句采用的修辞手法依次是 ( )
(1)每条岭都是那么温柔，自山脚至岭顶长满了珍贵的树木，谁也不孤峰突起，盛气凌人。
(2)一串串宝石般的水珠飞腾着，飞腾着，落进深潭。
(3)工人叔叔吼一吼，地球也要抖三抖。
(4)是什么?这是我们中国人的志气。
A.设问 比喻夸张 拟人
B.拟人 比喻夸张设问
C.拟人对偶 比喻设问
D.比喻拟人夸张设问
17.下列两组句子中加点的词的意义或用法相同的是 ( )
18.下列句子翻译错误的一项是 ( )
A.生生所资，未见其术
译文：找不到维持生计的办法。
B.家叔以余贫苦，遂见用于小邑译文：叔父因为看到我贫苦就加以推荐，于是被任命为小城的官吏。
C.因事顺心，命篇日《归去来兮》
译文：因为事情很顺心，写了一篇文章叫做《归去来兮》。
D.饥冻虽切，违已交病
译文：饥冻虽是急迫之事，但违背自己本心就会使人感到十分痛苦。
19.下列加点字，解释错误的一项是 ( )
A.脱然有怀，求之靡途 靡：没有
B.于时**未静，心惮远役 惮：害怕
C.彭泽去家百里 去：距离
D.寻程氏妹丧于武昌，情在骏奔 寻：寻找
20.下列各组句子中，加点词的意义和用法相同的一项是 ( )
二、文言文阅读：21～29小题，共30分。
(一)阅读下面一段课文，回答下列21～23小题。
臣密言：臣以险衅，夙遭闵凶。生孩六月，憩父见背。行年四岁，舅夺母志。祖母刘愍臣孤弱，躬亲抚养。臣少多疾病，九岁不行，零丁孤苦，至于成立。既无叔伯，终鲜兄弟。门衰祚薄，晚有儿息。外无期功强近之亲，内无应门五尺之僮，茕茕孑立，形影相吊。而夙孚疾病，常在床蓐。臣侍汤药，未尝废离。
21.解释文中加点字的含义。(4分)
成立：
祚薄：
儿息：
22.将“外无期功强近之亲，内无应门五尺之僮。茕茕孑立，形影相吊.”译成现代汉语。(4分)
23.这段文字中有哪些沿用至今的成语?(2分)
(二)阅读《山居秋暝》，回答下列24―26小题。
空山新雨后，天气晚来秋。明月松间照，清泉石上流。竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟。随意春芳歇，王孙自可留。
24.如何理解这首诗中以动写静、动静相衬的表现手法?(4分)
25.分析《山居秋暝》这首诗所表现出来的“诗中有画”的特点。(4分)
26.这首诗中表现了诗人怎样的情趣?(2分)
(三)阅读《冯谖客孟尝君》中的一段文字，回答下列27～29小题。
齐人有冯谖者，贫乏不能自存。使人属孟尝君，愿寄食门下。孟尝君日：“客何好?”日：“客无好也。”曰“客何能?”日：“客无能也。”孟尝君笑而受之，日：“诺。”左右以君贱之也，食以草具。居有顷，倚柱弹其剑，歌日：“长铗归来乎!食无鱼。”左右以告。孟尝君日：“食之，比门下之鱼客。，，居有顷，复弹其铗，歌日：“长铗归来乎!出无车。”左右皆笑之，以告。孟尝君日：“为之驾，比门下之车客。”于是乘其车，揭其剑，过其友，日：“孟尝君客我!”后有顷，复弹其剑铗，歌曰：“长铗归来乎!无以为家。”左右皆恶之，以为贪而不知足。孟尝君问：“冯公有亲乎?”对日：“有老母。”孟尝君使人给其食用，无使乏。于是冯谖不复歌。
27.冯谖弹铗而歌，当时人们认为他是怎样的一个人?(4分)
28.这段选文刻画冯谖时运用了哪些方法?(4分)
29.这段选文在刻画冯谖形象上起什么作用?(2分)
经常看到这样的画面：历经千辛万苦才获得成功的人，面对摄像头却没有人们所想的那种兴奋，反之，却异常平静。人们常常竖起大拇指，称赞他们"淡泊名利，宠辱不惊。"诚然，度过了人生的低谷，经历了常人无法忍受的困难，内心早已做到"泰山崩于前而面不改色。"对于他们来说，过程的重要性早已超过了结果，所以荣耀到来，他们才表现出超乎寻常的平静。这种人的确是不平凡的人，他们能忍人所不能忍，所以才成人所不能成，而他们面对荣耀时的平静恰是这一路披荆斩棘后所透露出的人格魅力，这值得我们用一生的时间去慢慢品读。
然而，我们必须承认，这种人毕竟是少数，更多的人在一生中只是在不断付出有限的努力，去追逐无数个小小的目标：莘莘学子追逐梦想中的象牙塔；下车伊始的官员渴望干出一番政绩；公安干警竭尽所能保护一方平安。无疑他们的成功都将获得诸多荣耀。倘若面对既有的荣耀他们也一脸严肃，处之泰然，不知你心里作何感受？当然，我们也必须承认的确有这种人。但我相信，绝大多数的普通人表现出的是对努力付出后终得回报的喜悦。
这种人庸俗吗？小市民吗？不！这是最真实的表露。当我们不停仰望高处时，别忘了我们终究是小山峰。大多数人的生活是由喜怒哀乐、酸甜苦辣构成的。轰轰烈烈，光宗耀祖，被万众瞩目确实离我们有一段距离。因此面对荣耀，明明心里挤满了喜悦，为何不大声笑出来，流露出我们的真性情？爱我所爱，追我所想，人生本不平坦，为什么不利用荣耀来装点我们的人生？
如果你总是感到人生平淡，就寻找一个自己想要得到的荣耀，然后为了那个荣誉尽自己努力，你定会发现人生充满了光彩；如果你已经拥有荣耀，就珍惜好这份来之不易的礼物，然后去追寻更大的荣耀，你的人生定会越发闪亮；如果近来失败总是与你如影随形，别灰心，翻开尘封的记忆，那份记忆犹新的荣耀是否令你精神为之一振，拍去尘土，重新上路？人们总说人生苦短，遍布荆棘。岂知在你的人生行囊中还装有一份荣耀。它是催你前行的闹钟，更是抚平你伤口的药膏。追逐荣耀，珍惜荣耀，享受荣耀，你的人生会因此大放异彩。
二、文言文阅读：21～29小题。共30分。
(一)阅读侯方域《马伶传》中的一段文字，然后回答21～23小题。
其夜，华林部过马伶日：“予，天下之善技也，然无以易李伶，李伶之为严相国至矣，子又安从授之而掩其上哉?”马伶日：“固然，天下无以易李伶，李伶即又不肯授我。我闻今相国昆山顾秉谦者，严相国俦也。我走京师，求为其门卒三年。日侍昆山相国于朝房，察其举止，聆其语言，久而得之，此吾之所为师也。”华林部相与罗拜而去。
侯方城日：异哉!马伶之自得师也。夫其以李伶为绝技，无所干求，乃走事昆山，见昆山犹之见分宜也，以分宜教分宜，安得不工哉?呜呼!耻其技之不若，而去数千里，为卒三年。倘三年犹不得，即犹不归尔。其志如此，技之工又须问耶?
21.这段文字赞扬了马伶怎样的从艺精神?(4分)
22.“分宜”指的是谁?这是运用了什么修辞手法?
23.“见昆山犹之见分宜也”一句影射了什么?(2分)
(二)阅读陆游《关山月》一诗，然后回答24～26小题。
和戎诏下十五年，将军不战空临边。
朱门沉沉按歌舞，厩马肥死弓断弦。
戌楼刁斗催落月，三十从军今白发。
笛里谁知壮士心?沙头空照征人骨。
中原干戈古亦闻，岂有逆胡传子孙?
遗民忍死望恢复，几处今宵垂泪痕!
December 28, 20_
Dear Apartment Management Officer:
I am writing to complain about my neighbor Mr. Black.
Mr. Black lives next door to me, and he disturbs my life. He has a party almost every day. During these parties, people are making a lot of noise. They are dancing, laughing and shouting. They often do such silly things till early morning. What’s more, when they have drunk too much, they often quarrel and fight against each other. I can’t put up with all these. I can’t sleep well at night and my kid can’t concentrate on his studies. Please tell Mr. Black to stop all these things and respect others privacy.
Looking forward to your reply.
Faithfully,
Wang Meng
Dear Wang Qiang，
Im glad to learn that you are busy preparing for college entrance exams. Where there is a strong will， there is a success. I am sure that you will overcome all kinds of difficulties in your study
Im planning to go to Wuxi and look around in the city for a few days. Ill take the train and arrive at 6 oclock . on May 1st. Will you please come and meet me at the station? Im going to stay in Wuxi till May 4th. Please help me book a hotel room. I hope to stay in a hotel around the downtown area but the price shouldnt be very high. I dont mind if the room is small. Another thing. Can you book a ticket for me back to Shanghai on 4th?
All the best，
Jack
(一)
1、下列作品中属于汉代乐府诗的是( B )
A《行路难》(金樽清酒斗十千)B《陌上桑》(日出东南隅)
C《从军行》(青海长云暗雪山)D《关山月》(和戎诏下十五年)
2、下列诗歌中属于律诗的是( D )
A 杜牧《泊奏淮》B 陆游《关山月》
C 李白《行路难》D 王维《山居秋瞑》
3、苏轼《前赤壁赋》是一篇( D )
A 骚体赋 B 大赋 C 抒情小赋 D 文赋
4、下列诗人中属于盛唐边塞诗派代表作家的是( C )
A 李白 B 王维 C 王昌龄 D 杜甫
5、 柳永《八声甘州》(对萧萧暮雨)一词表达了什么样的情绪( C )
A 、怀才不遇 B 、伤春惜别 C、 羁旅思归 D 、怀古叹今
6、杜甫诗歌的主要风格是( B )
A 清新俊逸 B 沉郁顿挫 C 苍凉悲壮 D 沉哀凄苦
7、李清照《声声慢》(寻寻觅觅)一词最突出的语言技巧是( A )
A 叠字 B 夸张 C 拟人 D 比喻
8、 “出师未捷身先死”一句指的是( C )
A.刘备 B.关羽 C.诸葛亮 D.向宠
9. “长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海”这一句诗出自( A )
A.《行路难》 B.《杜陵叟》 C.《蜀相》 D.《泊秦淮》
10、辛弃疾的作品集是( D )
A.《淮海词》 B.《漱玉词》 C.《清真词》 D.《稼轩长短句》
都说“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”、“先下手为强”。可未经过深思熟虑的“早”真的正确吗可别忘了“螳螂捕蝉，黄雀在后”啊。做事不也应当经精心准备、深思熟虑之后再行动吗不应盲目追求飞得早，飞得快、飞得久才是成功的关键。
詹姆斯·卡梅隆的《阿凡达》一举刷新票房纪录，影片中逼真的画面，紧凑的剧情令人拍案叫绝。可本部影片可是耗费了卡梅隆十余年的心血，如果没有长期的准备，只是单单图快图早，哪里有壬兴震撼人心的大作反观国内部分导演，为了名利仓促上阵，有的甚至一年几部影片，企望能早些将作品搬上荧屏，殊不知这些作品只能是如水珠落入池塘，难以长久地在人们心中留下记忆，仅仅是“早”行吗
近年来我国航天事业迅猛发展，于是有人提出来让航天员早日登月，人家美国不早很多年前便成功了吗可是，有些事在时机未成熟之前是不能想早就早的。杨利伟从神舟五号上下来时，身上因为与飞船内部结构碰撞而有所损伤，但是国家经过一段时间的准备，神州陆号发射时，两位航天员安然无恙。若仅仅图早而让宇航员登月，在准备不足的情况下谁又能保证不发生意外呢盲目追求“早”有缺恐怕难以成功。
狮子在捕猎之时不是发现了猎物就直接冲上去，而是等待时机，这样才能保证“百发百中”。在我们追求目标之时不也应该这样吗“笑到最后才笑得”。我十分观赏这句话，它能让我们明白真正的成功并不完全取决于早。
看看新中国成立初期，希望尽快“赶英超美”。结果弄出了“一萝千斤重，三头毛驴拉不动”这种荒唐硕果，追求早，往往难以达到预期效果，而后来中国人民脚踏实地，平稳向前使新中国得以腾飞。
片面地对“早”进行诜求如同一瓶汽水往往只给人带来暂时的快乐，而精心的准备往往像那一品香茗，令人回味无穷，我们只有把早建立在准备的基础上才能更好地迈向成功。
朋友啊，在我们早早行船的同时不能少了准备的风帆，两者结合才能更好更快地驶向彼岸。
《从军行》(泛读课文)
作家作品
王昌龄盛唐诗人，是边塞诗派的代表人物
擅写七言绝句。基本风格是气势雄浑，格调高昂。
《从军行》是乐府旧题，七言绝句。
课文讲解
一、本文主旨
这是一首边塞诗。诗人以广袤无垠，关山雄伟的大西北为背景，描写了边塞的壮阔与戍边将士的艰辛，衬托出戍边将士不辞艰苦，戍守边疆的壮志，歌颂了他们卫国热忱和英雄气概。
二、课文串讲
前两句描写景物，边地的景色，衬托戍边将士不辞艰苦，守卫疆土的壮志;
后两句叙事抒情，概括将士们出生入死，无所畏惧的战斗经历，也有他们鏗锵的誓言。
三、词语解释
青海长云暗雪山。暗：使雪山暗。
学习要点
前两句写景的作用。
前两句描写大西北特有的广袤荒凉的景色，戍边将士遥望关内，思念亲人。壮阔之景衬托出将士们博大的胸襟和不畏艰苦，守卫疆土的英雄气概。
后两句抒情的作用。
“黄沙百战穿金甲”与“不破楼兰终不还”，构成了对比。条件如此艰难，环境如此恶劣，却丝毫没有削残将士们抗敌保国的雄心壮志，有了“黄沙百战穿金甲”的衬托，才使得“不破楼兰终不还”显得更加悲壮。
本诗的中心句是。
不破楼兰终不还。
1 .先秦散文中富于浪漫色彩，文学性最强的是(C ) A《论语》B《孟子》C《庄子》D《荀子》
2 .主要记载孔子及其弟子言行的儒家学说经典是( A ) A《论语》 B《诗经》C《大学》 D《中庸》
3. “瀚海阑干百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝”出自盛唐诗人( A )的作品。 A 岑参 B 高适 C 王昌龄 D 辛弃疾
5 .先秦时期一部最代表儒家思想的语录体散文人集是( A ) A《论语》B《孟子》C《庄子》D《荀子》
6 .下列著作属于鲁迅的散文集的是( B ) A《呐喊》B《朝花夕拾》C《坟》D《野草》
7 .战士军前半死生，美人帐下犹歌舞，出自( A )
高适《燕歌行》 B 王粲《登楼赋》C 王维《汉江临泛》 D 张若虚《春江花月夜》
8 .“民贵、社稷次之，君为轻”这一思想的提出者( A ) A 孟子 B 孔子 C 庄子 D 韩非子
9 .下列表述不属于李煜风格特点的是( D ) A 语言明白晓畅 B 形象鲜明生动 C 情韵隽永深长 D 词风慷慨豪放
10 .与李攀龙、王世贞、谢榛、梁有誉、徐中行、吴国伦合称为明代“后七子”的是( D ) A 祝枝山 B 唐伯虎 C 宗臣 D 归有光
11 .对李清照的艺术风格评价不正确的是( D ) A 善于塑造鲜明的形象 B 语言清丽动人 C 富有创造性 D 词风悲壮雄浑
12 .通篇采用寓言形式的作品是( C ) A《季氏将伐颛臾》 B《寡人之于国也》 C《秋水》D《谏逐客书》
13 .“望洋兴叹”这个成语源自( A ) A《秋水》 B《寡人之于国也》 C《陈情表》 D《李将军列传》
14 .下列属于巴金的《爱情三部曲》的是( B ) A《家》 B《雨》 C《春》D《秋》
15 .先秦诸子中，激烈抨击“窃钩者诸，窃国者为诸侯”黑暗社会现实的是( C ) A 孔子 B 孟子 C 庄子 D 荀子
16 .庄子《秋水》的主旨是( D ) A 阐发为政以德的道理 B 阐发实行王道的措施 C 阐明以民为本的治国思想 D 阐析人的认识有限的哲理。
17 .李斯《谏逐客书》能够说服秦王收回逐客成命的根本原因是( D ) A 排比对偶联翩，行文气势充沛 B 论据充分，事实胜于雄辩 C 反复正反对比，纳客逐客利害昭彰 D 论证切中秦王急于统一天下的心理要害。
18 《谏逐客书》的中心论点( D ) A 秦国依赖客卿才强起来 B 重物轻人不是统一天下的正确方略 C 驱逐客卿必将造成秦国危亡 D 驱逐客卿是错误的。
19 .下列文章属于奏章的是( A ) A《谏逐客书》 B《答李翊书》 C《报刘一丈书》D《答司马谏议书》
20 《谏逐客书》中“弃黔首以资敌国，却宾客以业诸侯”采用的修辞手法是( C ) A 比喻 B 排比 C 对偶 D 层递
21 .北宋诗文的革新运动的领袖是( B ) A 韩愈 B 欧阳修 C 柳宗元 D 苏轼
22 .下列论文中属于“史论”的是( C ) A《谏逐客书》 B《寡人之于国也》 C《五代史伶官传序》 D 庄宗李存勖
23 .欧阳修的文学主张是( C ) A “辞必己出，”“唯陈言之务去” B 文章应“有补于世，”“以适用为本”。 C “明道”“致用”“事信” D “胸有成竹”“手心相应
24 《五代史伶官传序》的中心论点：( D ) A 满招损，谦得益 B 忧劳可以兴国，逸豫可以亡身 C 祸患常积于忽微，智勇多困于所溺 D 盛衰之理，虽曰天命，岂非人事哉。 25 为了鲜明地体现主旨，《五代史伶官传序》所采用的主要表现方法是( D ) A 托物言志 B 侧面烘托 C 象征 D 对比
26 .韩愈用“养其根而俟其实，加其膏而希其光”来论证为文立言的道理，其中所采用的修辞手手法是(c )
排比比喻 B 排比比拟 C 比喻对偶 D 比拟对偶
27 《答李翊书》的主旨是( D ) A 赞扬李翊好学上进 B 指出做学问就“无望其速成，无诱势利” C 提出写文章要“惟陈言之务去” D 强调为文要以思想修养为主。
28 .鲁迅先生发表的第一篇白话小说是( B ) A《呐喊》 B《狂人日记》 C《阿 Q 正传》 D《坟》
29 .( A )是我国现当代著名的美学家和文艺理论家，著有《悲剧心理学》、《文艺心理学》等 A 朱光潜 B 郭沫若 C 老舍 D 梁启超
30 .下列作品，不属于巴金《爱情三部曲》的是( C ) A 雾 B 电 C 风 D 雨
31 .法国著名小说家( B )的文学成就以短篇小说最为突出，被称为“短篇小说之王”。 A 雨果 B 莫泊桑 C 巴尔扎克 D 欧 · 享利。
January 2,
Dear Li Qing:
I am writing to say I’m sorry that I will not be able to go for the appointment at 4:00 . on Monday next week.
This morning I got an urgent phone call from my boss in Guangzhou, and he asked me to flight there at once to join him in an important business negotiation. The Negotiation has something to do with the future of our company. I will have to stay there for about a week. I hope to postpone the appointment for three days till Thursday next week. Phone me and let me know if it is . to you. My apologies again.
Looking forward to seeing you.
Your friend
Gao Ming
等待的季节，细雨中夹杂着绵绵的思念；等待的季节，微风中弥漫着淡淡的愁绪；等待的季节，流水中洋溢着浅浅的幸福。
春风拂过，带给我你离去的消息，告诉我你会化作天使来爱我。我写下一个永恒的心愿，放进漂流瓶，让它漂到远方，为你祝福。
那条通向饭堂的林荫小路，那个满天星斗的大操场，那棵我们依靠过的大树，那栋半新不旧的教学大楼。.。.。.这一切让我再次想起你，你的点点滴滴，历历在目。
那个下午，我们一起走到樱花树下，一朵一朵的樱花慢慢落下。我站在树下，微笑，表情却有点不自然。我担心你按下快门时，我刚好闭上眼睛。后来收到远方的你给我寄来的几张照片，里面的我们都不会笑。哦，不！应该是笑不出来。记得最后一朵花飘落时，我闭上了眼睛。
曾经走过的日子，不断地累积。.。.。.渐渐的抓不住记忆的尾巴，就让照片来做会议的记事本吧。记下曾经的年少，曾经的快乐`悲伤，曾经的你和我。.。.。.
谁能告诉我，看见的，是不是就等于存在？记住的，是不是永远不会消失？每一个黄昏过后，我焦虑地等待，却再也没有等到月亮升起。看见的，看不见了，夏风轻轻吹过，在瞬间消失无踪。记住的，遗忘
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