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在执行上级党组织决定方面存在的问题及整改措施范文(通用6篇)
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2023-03-18
2023-06-27
2023-03-20
2023-07-05
在执行上级党组织决定方面存在的问题及整改措施范文(通用6篇)
2023-06-15
from triple wave sdn. bhd a-5-9 empire tower, ss 6 subang jaya, 47500, selangor, malaysia.
dear visa officer, we would be grateful if a business visa could be granted for china research institute of electronic engineering, to visit malaysia on monday february 5 through february 20, XX. during this trip he will meet with our company representative to discuss the sale and distribution of digital cctv surveillance solutions, access control system and security alarm system and other communication solutions. china research institute of electronic engineering is financially reonsible for the applicant’s visit and undertakes to ensure that that he will abide by the rules and regulations of the malaysia sincerely, mr. samir senior vice president triple wave sdn. bhd.
consulate general of malaysia consular section dear visa officer, we are cordially inviting china research institute of electronic engineering to visit malaysia on monday april 3 through april 7, XX. during this trip he will meet with our company representative to discuss the sale and distribution of products. sincerely, barry g. hart senior vice president east coast promotions, triple wave sdn. bhd a-5-9 empire tower, ss 6 subang jaya,47500, selangor, malaysia.
Dear Mr/Ms,
I represent the W/P Electronics Company in Dallas, and will be in Kunming from next Monday to Friday, (October 5-9). I should like to call on you to discuss our new monitor. Would 0930 hours on Tuesday, October 6 be convenient?
I shall be in Beijing, at the Great Wall Hotel, from Tuesday, September 29, until Sunday, October 4, where a message will reach me. If the day is not convenient, will you please suggest another.
Yours faithfully
尊敬的先生/小姐
我是达拉斯W/P电子公司的代表,将于下周一到周五(10月5-9日)住留昆明。我乐于请您商讨我们新的`显示器。星期二即10月6日上午09:30是否方便?
从周二,即9月29日,我将住在北京的长城宾馆,直到周六,即10月4日,在那会有通知给我。如商讨日期不方便,请另外建议。
1. Please inform me that (of)
2. Kindly inform me that (of)
3. Be good enough to inform me that (of)
4. Be so good as to inform me that (of)
5. Have the goodness to inform me that (of)
6. Oblige me by informing that (of)
7. I should be obliged if you would inform me that (of)
8. I should be glad if you would inform me that (of)
9. I should esteem it a favour if you would inform me that (of)
10. I will thank you to inform me that (of)
11. You will greatly oblige me by informing that (of)
12. We shall be obliged if you will inform us that (of)
13. We shall be pleased to have your information regarding (on, as to; about)
14. We shall deem it a favour if you will advise us of
15. We shall esteem it a high favour if you will inform us that (of)
Dearxxxxx,
I am writing this letter to express my apology that xxxxx.
I feel terribly sorry about this. Once again, I am very sorry for any inconvenience caused.
I will be really appreciated if you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.
Yours Sincerelyxxxxxx
Dear Mrs. Hoo.
I feel I owe you a personal apology for my insensitive comment at the meeting yesterday. I know these days since John's funeral have been very difficult for you, and I was clearly out of order in making reference to “merry widows.” I'm sorry you had to suffer from my foolishness.
I hope you will be able to forgive me. I have tremendous respect for you and your abilities, and I hope we can continue to work well together. I'm terribly sorry.
Regards,
Tom
Dear Sir or Madam
I am senior from the Department of BusinessAdministration of Beijing University. I am writing theletter in purpose of applying for admission into youresteemed institution/your recently advertised position for a staff member.
I am sure that I am qualified for it. First, enclosed with this letter is my resume, which furtherdetails my previous academic qualifications and work experience. Second, not only do myqualifications and experience make me a perfect candidate for it, my cheerful personality iswell suited to studying in your prestigious university/working as a staff member. Last, myhobbies include sports and music.
Words fail me when I try to express my heartfelt gratitude to the help you rendered me. Yourprompt and favorable attention to my inqquiry would be highly appreciated.
Yours sincerely,
Dear Mr. Sation
With reference to your letter dated 3rd May 20_, I am writing to apologies for the mistake we made.
The mistake was made because our computer broke down on 29 April. I can assure you we will send the cheque of $200 to you in two days. We will offer you 20% discount for you next stay.
Please accept our apologies for the inconvenience this error has caused you and we look forward to meeting you again.
Your sincerely
top part of a business letter
日期:date: 23 december XX
地址:mr. james green
sales manager
bbb plc
55-60 old st, london e6 6hg
称谓:dear mr. green (dear gentlemen, dear sir, dear sirs, dear madam)
body part of a business letter
标题(可以不要)
3. look at the two endings of business letter below. notice the useful phrases that are used in these letters.
(1)please let me know if this is convenience.
i look forward to hearing from you.
best wishes
yours sincerely,
(signature)
ms. gillian janes
personnel nanager
(2)please phone us to confirm the details.
we look forward to receiving your comments.
yours faithfully
(signature)
for ms. gillian jones
personnel manager
Dear Mr. Johnson
Thank you very much for your letter of 3 May 20XX.
We wish to offer our sincere apologies for the long delay in replying to your letter. We have recently moved our headquarters to a new location in the south of city and this has resulted in some considerable delay in replying to enquiries. The move has now been completed and I can assure you that there will be no more delays in the future.
The catalogue you require are enclosed and I hope that you will continue to use us as your main supplier.
Your sincerely
(1)商务公函的概念
商务公函是用来商洽工作、联系业务、询问和答复有关具体实际问题的一种公文。
(2)商务公函的结构及写作方法
公函是平行文。在写作时,一般包括四大部分:标题、行文对象、正文、落款。
①标题一般采用公文规范标题法,即标题由发函机关、事由、受函机关和文种组成。也有的只有事由和文种。
②行文对象是指公函受文者,写在事由之下的第一行左边,顶格,后面加冒号。
③正文是公函的内容即事项,是发函者要告诉对方的具体事情,由三部分组成,即发函因由,发函事项以及结语等,事项部分基本上是叙述和说明的方法,如有要求部分则要根据行文内容来安排,不可过多。结语多使用特此复函。
④落款。包括发函单位的名称和主要负责人的签名以及日期。
公司:
贵方有关保险事宜的6月25日来函知悉,特函告如下:
一、综合险。在没有得到我们顾客的明确指示的情况下,我们一般投保水渍险和战争险。如贵方愿投保综合险,我方可以稍高的保费代保此险。
二、破碎险。破碎险是一种特别保险,需收取额外保费。该险现行保险费率为2%,损失只赔超过5%的部分。
三、保险金额。我方注意到贵方欲为装运给贵方的货物按*金额另加10%投保,我方当照此办理。
我方希望上述答复将
dear sirs, it is our pleasure to invite your staff to come to japan for attending our business meeting which is going to be held from june 26th , XX until july 6th, XX. the invited person is: mr. name: mr. eldridge eric nicolas department: machinery & electronic position: senior section manager considering his attendance is really important for us, hence your kind cooperation in preparing business visa for the above person that enable his to have visit japan is highly appreciated. sincerely yours, kunihiro yamauchi group leader global human resources group
toyota tsusho marunouchi bldg, 8-1, marunouchi 3-chome, chiyoda-ku, t okyo 100-8320, japan tel. +81-3-5288-21 1 / f +81-3-5288-9100 url. 1 ax. human resources & general affairs department
Dear___________,
I am writing to formally request to___________(请求的内容)
The reason for_____is that______(给出原因).I_____, so I_____(给出细节)
I would also like to request______(提出进一步的要求). I am sorry for any inconvenience I have caused.
Thank you for your attention to these requests. If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact me at _______(电话号码).I look forward to a favorable reply.
Yours sincerely
To inform one of; to say; to state; to communicate; to advise one of; to bring to one's notice (knowledge); to lay before one; to point out; to indicate; to mention; to apprise one of; to announce; to remark; to call one's attention to; to remind one of; etc.
1. We are pleased to inform you that
2. We have pleasure in informing you that
3. We have the pleasure to apprise you of
4. We have the honour to inform you that (of)
5. We take the liberty of announcing to you that
6. We have to inform you that (of)
7. We have to advise you of (that)
8. We wish to inform you that (of)
9. We think it advisable to inform you that (of)
10. We are pleased to have this opportunity of reminding you that (of)
11. We take the advantage of this opportunity to bring before your notice
12. Please allow us to call your attention to
13. Permit us to remind you that (of)
14. May we ask your attention to
15. We feel it our duty to inform you that (of)
Dear Mr/Mrs,
Last Friday, when we were discussing the problems of suggested that I simply mail you a report each month on thenumber of return by customers rather than send the defective containers to you. I plan to put this into effect at once. But, I first wantto make sure that I understand you correctly.
If I don’thear from you within the coming week, I’ll assume that youapprove.
Yours faithfully
简洁就是用最精炼的语言来表达意思,在商务信函中言简意赅就是为了方便高效率沟通与工作。能用一个字表达的不用一个词组,能一个词组讲清的事就不用讲成一句话。商务信函不用因顾及礼貌而开头就说“I hope you are well”( 近日可好?) ,天气也从不在此中提及。我们用“now”不用“at the same time”; 用“though”而不用“in spite of the fact that”……。形容词虽然可以表达友好、满意、歉意等感情,但只是在十分必要的情况下才出现。中国人在写英文信函时经常会出现一些不必要的重复,比如: “true facts”、“next time in the future”这样的词语读者能懂,但是会对这种不地道的说法嗤之以鼻。
中文就简洁这一点在很多情况下具有优势,商务信函中最能体现这一优势的是一些客套而必要的敬语,比如: “we are looking forward to your early reply”,翻译成中文就五个字: “盼早日回复”; “with all kind regards,I remain”,中文为“祝好”。像“regards”、“wishes”这一类词,都不用按照原意翻译,祝好的英文句子大多用中文的俗语代替。
1. The purpose of this letter is to inform you that (of)
2. The purport of this line is to advise you that (of)
3. The object of the present is to report you that
4. The object of this letter is to tell you that
5. By this letter we Purpose to inform you that (of)
6. Through the present we wish to intimate to you that
7. The present serves to acquaint you that
一、介绍信 1. Dear Mr/Ms, This is to introduce Mr Frank Jones ,our new marketingspecialist who will be in London from April 5 to midApril on shall appreciate any help you can give Mr Jones andwill always be happy to faithfully尊敬的先生/小姐,现向您推荐我们的市场专家弗兰克·琼斯先生。
他将因公务在四月15日到四月中旬期间停留伦敦。我们将非常感谢您向琼斯先生提供的任何帮助,并非常高兴施以回报。
您诚挚的2. Dear Mr/Ms,We are pleased to introduce Mr Wang You, our import managerof Textiles Department. Mr Wang is spending three weeksin your city to develop our business with chief manufacturesand to make purchases of decorative fabrics for the shall be most grateful if you will introduce him toreliable manufacturers and give him any help or advice he faithfully尊敬的先生/小姐,我们非常高兴向您介绍我们纺织部的进口经理王有先生。王先生将在你市度过三周,他要与主要的生产厂家拓展商务并为下一季度采购装饰织品。
如能介绍他给可靠的生产厂家,向他提供所需的任何帮助或建议,我们将不胜感谢。您诚挚的二、感谢信 Dear Mr/Ms,Thank you for your letter of June 4, enclosing anaccount of the organization and work of your Chamberof Commerce and are very grateful for such a detailed account ofyour activities. This information is certain to helpincrease our future faithfully尊敬的先生/小姐,谢谢您六月四日的来信及随信附上的说明书,该说明书描述了你们工商总会的工作与组织结构。
对给我们一个你们活动如此详细的描述,我们表示非常感谢。这一信息一定能帮助促进我们未来的合作。
你诚挚的三、祝贺信 1. Dear Mr/Ms,On the occasion of the 35th anniversary of your NationalDay, please accept our heartiest the trade connections between our countries continueto develop with each passing day!Yours faithfully尊敬的先生/小姐,值此国庆三十五周年之际,请接受我们最真诚的祝贺。愿我们两国之间的贸易联系持续发展。
你诚挚的2. Dear Mr MinisterAllow me to convey my congratulations on your promotionto Minister of Trade. I am delighted that many yearsservice you have given to your country should have beenrecognized and wish you success in your new post and look forwardto closer cooperation with you in the development oftrade between our two 尊敬的部长先生,请允许我向您升任贸易部长表示祝贺。多年来你对国家的贡献被认可,欣赏,我非常高兴。
我们祝愿您在新的职位取得成功,期待我们两国在贸易发展上进一步合作。诚挚的四、回复信 Dear Mr/Ms,Thank you for your letter conveying congratulations onmy wish also to thank you for the assistance you havegiven me in my work and look forward to bettercooperation in the 尊敬的先生/小姐,感谢你来信对我的任命表达的祝贺。
我也感谢您对我的工作给予的支持,并期望未来能有更好的合作。诚挚的五、邀请信与答复 1、邀请信Dear Mr/Ms,We should like to invite your Corporation to attend the 1997 International Fair which will be held from April 29 to May 4 at the above address. Full details on the Fair will be sent in a look forward to hearing from you soon, and hope that you will be able to faithfully尊敬的先生/小姐,在上述地址,我们想请贵公司参加于四月二十九日到五月四日举办的1997国际商品交易会,关于交易会的详情我们一周内将寄给你。
希望不久能收到你的来信,并能来参加。您诚挚的2、肯定答复Dear Mr/Ms,Thank you for your letter of March 20 inviting our corporation to participate in the 1997 International Fair. We are very pleased to accept and will plan to display our electrical appliances as we did in previous Li will be in your city from April 2 to 7 to make specific arrangements and would very much appreciate your faithfully尊敬的先生/小姐,感谢三月二十八日来信邀请我们公司参加1997国际商品交易会。
我们乐于参加并计划展示我们前几年生产的电子设备。李先生将于四月二日至七日去你市做具体安排,非常感谢你的协助。
你诚挚的3、否定的答复Dear Mr/Ms,Thank you very much for your invitation to attend the 1997 Internationl Fair. As we are going to open a repair shop in your city at that time, we are sorry that we shall not be able to hope to see you on some future faithfully尊敬的先生/小姐,。
you for your visit on the Canton Fair. We are glad to provide the detailed information of our products to you. Hope we will have a chance to work with your . Thank you for your visit and inquiry on the Canton Fair. We are glad to send you our best prices and products' details. Look forward to working with you。
Dear Mr. / Ms,
Thank you for your letter informing us of Mr. Green’s visit during June 2-7. Unfortunately, Mr. Edwards, our manager, is now in Cairo and will not be back until the second half of June. He would, however, be pleased to see Mr. Green any time after his return.
We look forward to hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,xxx
尊敬的先生/小姐
谢谢来函告知我方六月2-7日格林先生的来访。不巧,我们的`总经理艾得华先生现正在巴黎,到六月中旬才能回来。但他回来后愿意在任何时间会见格林先生。
希望收到您的来信。
您诚挚的xxx
Dear Mr. / Ms,
I am at present in Hamburg visiting the harbour with a view to making known our new type of container for use in Europe.
I shall be in Antwerp on Wednesday, 4th June, and should like to call on you at . on that day.
If I do not hear from you to the contrary, I shall assume that it will be convenient for me to call at that time.
Yours faithfully
商务信函写作格式,署名即写信人签名,通常写在结尾后另起一行(或空一、二行)的偏右下方位置。以单位名义发出的商业信函,署名时可写单位名称或单位内具体部门名称,也可同时署写信人的姓名。重要的商业信函,为郑重起见,也可加盖公章。
英文商务信函的书信格式
top part of a business letter
日期:date: 23 december
地址:mr. james green
sales manager
bbb plc
55-60 old st, london e6 6hg
称谓:dear mr. green (dear gentlemen, dear sir, dear sirs, dear madam)
body part of a business letter
标题(可以不要)
3. look at the two endings of business letter below. notice the useful phrases that are used in these letters.
(1)please let me know if this is convenience.
i look forward to hearing from you.
best wishes
yours sincerely,
(signature)
ms. gillian janes
personnel nanager
(2)please phone us to confirm the details.
we look forward to receiving your comments.
yours faithfully
(signature)
for ms. gillian jones
personnel manager
中文商务信函的写作格式
如同一般信函,商业信文一般由开头、正文、结尾、署名、日期等5个部分组成。
(1)开头
开头写收信人或收信单位的称呼。称呼单独占行、顶格书写,称呼后用冒号。
(2)正文
信文的正文是书信的主要部分,叙述商业业务往来联系的实质问题,通常包括:
①向收信人问候;
②写信的事由,例如何时收到对方的来信,表示谢意,对于来信中提到的问题答复等等;
③该信要进行的业务联系,如询问有关事宜,回答对方提出的问题,阐明自己的想法或看法,向对方提出要求等。如果既要向对方询问,又要回答对方的询问,则先答后问,以示尊重;
④提出进一步联系的希望、方式和要求。
(3)结尾
结尾往往用简单的一两句话,写明希望对方答复的要求。如“特此函达,即希函复。”同时写表示祝愿或致敬的话,如“此致敬礼”、“敬祝健康”等。祝语一般分为两行书写,“此致”、“敬祝”可紧随正文,也可和正文空开。“敬礼”、“健康”则转行顶格书写。
(4)署名
署名即写信人签名,通常写在结尾后另起一行(或空一、二行)的偏右下方位置。以单位名义发出的商业信函,署名时可写单位名称或单位内具体部门名称,也可同时署写信人的姓名。重要的商业信函,为郑重起见,也可加盖公章。
(5)日期
写信日期—般写在署名的下一行或同一行偏右下方位置。商业信函的日期很重要,不要遗漏。
商务信函写作技巧
(一)结构
国际商贸信函较私人社交信和一般公事信复杂,一封完整的英文商贸信函可以包括13个部分:
1、信头(The Letter Head);
2、案号和日期(The Reference and Date);
3、封内地址(The Inside Address);
4、经办者行(The Attention Line);
5、称呼(The Salutation);
6、事由行(The Subject Line);
7、信的正文(The Body of Letter);
8、结束礼词(The Complimentary Close);
9、签名(The Signature);
10、拟稿人和打字员姓名首写字母(Initials);
11、附件(Enclosure);
12、抄送(Carbon Copy Notation);
13、附言(Postscript)
(二)格式
国际商贸信函是从事国际商务活动的重要联系工具,在打字、书写时应遵循国际上往来信函的通用格式,不可按自己的习惯任意为之。现在国际商业书信通用的排列格式主要有三种:齐列式(The Block Style)、缩行式(The Indented Style)、混合式(The Modified Block Style)。
1、 齐列式。除信笺上部已印好的信头外,2、 凡用打字机打出的部分均自
信笺的左线边缘向右打出,各行左缘起始处完全排齐,因而称为齐列式,采取这种格式既便于打字,又整齐美观,是现今最通用、最流行的英文书信格式。
2、缩行式。用缩行式排列的信函,其主要特点是:日期排在信笺的右上方;封内地址,按昔日习惯,下一行要比上一行往右缩进2~3个字母,但现代书信也常按齐列式沿左线边缘排齐;信的正文,每段开头大约向后缩进3~5个字母,一般与称呼行Dear后称呼排齐。
3、混合式。混合式兼有齐列式和缩行式的特点,大部分项目按齐列式
格式排列,但日期和结束礼词的排列同于缩行式,即日期可置于信笺右上方,结束礼词放在正文下的右边或居中,事由行多与左线边缘排齐,但也可居中。
(三)信封的写法
在寄往国外信函的信封上,书写收信人和收信人地址以及寄信人和寄信人地址的位置,都不同于国内信封的写法,其主要特点是|:1、寄信人姓名、地址写在信封的左上角,商贸机构所用的信封,通常已在左上角印好寄信人地址;2、收信人姓名地址写在信封中央偏下位置,现在的流行写法,除缩略语外,已不用标点符号;3、邮票贴在信封右上角,现国外来函大多已在右上角印妥邮资;4、寄信人和收信人姓名、地址现多用齐列式,也可用缩行式。其排列顺序与汉语相反,先写姓名,后写地址,写地址应由小至大,即先写机构名称,依次写门牌、街道城市名、州(省)名及邮区代号,最后写国名;5、关于信件类别,投递方式及其他事项说明,写在信封左边寄信人地址下,或写在左下角。
如怀疑信件能否送交收件人,可在信封最下缘标明“IF UNDELIVERED PLEASE RETURN TO…”, 意为“无法投递,请退交……”
建立贸易关系
建立贸易关系(Establishing Business Relations)是双方业务往来的基础,要扩大贸易往来,就必须在巩固发展已有的业务的基础上,不断物色新的贸易对象,不断拓展业务关系。
建立贸易关系的方法大体(如广告、函电等)来建立联系。在现代经济生活中,后者由于传播速度快,扩散面广而被广泛采用。无论采用哪种方法,都必须事先做好市场调研,市场调研一般着重这几个方面:1、该市场的商业习惯,海关条例,特别是习惯作法和付款条件;2、进出口机构及其国内商业联络途径;3、市场购买力,消费者的兴趣、爱好;4、同类商品的竞争情况;5、贸易制度、关税制度和进出口管制条例;6、港口条件、地理、社会、政治情况。
新的贸易对象的名称、地址,一般可以从这几个方面来获得:1、代理商、推销小组的推荐;2、现有来往的银行或客户的介绍;3、贸促会和商会的介绍;4、驻外使馆商务处的介绍;5、各种传播媒体。在与新的贸易对象联系前,应该对其进行资信调查,调查的内容包括资金情况,经营能力、商业信誉等等。
建立贸易关系的函电,可以介绍本机构所经营的业务,寄送商品目录、价格表及样品等。为了促进交易,也可以询问对方的愿望和要求。
建立贸易关系的函电,必须热情诚恳,除注意礼貌外,不必过于谦虚,一定要给对方留下一个良好的印象。
1、询盘
询盘又称询价。指交易一方欲购买或出售某种商品,向另一方发出的探询买卖该商品及有关交易条件的一种表示。按询盘的内容可分为一般函询和具体询盘。一般询盘是买方仅仅为了了解情况向卖方要商品目录本、价目单、样本、形式发标(作报价单用),等等。具体询盘是买方有做买卖的要求,指定商品要求卖方报盘。
询盘可以口头发出,也可采用书面形式,或通过电报、电传等。通常由买方发出。买方的询盘只表示一个意愿,没有必须购买的义务;卖方也没有必须回答的义务。但一般卖方要尽快答复,向买方开盘或正式报盘。买方的询盘往往不限于一个对象,可同时向几个客户发出,选择条件最优惠者供进一步磋商时参考。
询盘也可以由卖方了出,旨在主动探询客商对某种商品是否有需求。询盘是联系客户的一种方法,也是了解市场行情的一种手段。
一般来讲,写询价函的`目的是为了解情况,而其读者又需马上了解信函的内容。因此,语言的表达要以简单、清楚和切题为原则。最好在信的开头就写出你想问的问题,但一定要把询问的问题和要求写清楚、具体,而且要彬彬有礼。询价函一般包括:1、商品的大体情况(General Information);2、商品目录(Catalogue);3、价目单(Price-list)和数量(Quantity);4、样品或样本(Samples);5、款式、型号(Pattern);6、估算(Estimate);7、付款方式(Terms of Payment);8、交货时间(Shipment)。
2、报盘、递盘、还盘和接受
报盘(Offer)又称发盘。是商业交易磋商中买卖双方必经的过程。通常是一方先向另一方提出某种交易条件(如:商品名称、数量、规格、交货期以及付款条件等),而另一方愿接受此条件,即交易合同成立。卖方的Offer称为Selling Offer,买方的Offer,称为Buying Offer。报盘有实盘(Firm Offer)和虚盘(Non-firm Offer)两种形式。实盘又称“不可撤销的发盘”,指由发盘人向受盘人提出完整、明确、肯定的交易条件,并愿在一定期限内按所提条件与受盘人达成交易的一种肯定表示。虚盘是卖方所作的非承诺性表示。往往附有保留条件,它没有买方只要接受就可以成交的权限。
还盘(Counter Offer)又称还价。指交易一方收到对方报盘后,不同意或不完全同意报盘中的内容,但又有意达成交易,为进一步洽商,便向对方提出新的条件,修改条件或其他要求,均称为还盘。
递盘(Bid)又称递价,出价。在商品交易中,如卖方手中货少,行市又看涨,或对当前市场情况不清楚,再则是不知买方有无诚意购买,卖方常要求买方先递价,连续收到各地客户递价之后,以便集中对比,然后决定与谁成交,这样比较主动。
接受(Acceptance)指买方在实盘有效期内无条件地完全同意报盘的全部内容,并同意据此订立合同的一种表示。接受一经发出,不能任意撤销。
3、订货
订货是买方向卖方提出的要求,要求卖方按定单所列的各项条件供货。定单的取得,大致有两种情形:1、经卖方报盘,或买方的还盘,最后由买方接受而成效,由买方制定定单发给卖方;2、买方根据卖方事先所送的产品目录、价目表、甚至样品,直接定货(或称定购)。
定货可随时以书信的形式写成,亦可用事先印妥格式的定单。定单或定货书信一经卖方确认,一般就成为对买卖双方都有法律约束力的合同。因此,它们的制定或撰号必须准确和清楚,以免引起不可更正的麻烦。
订货同询盘和报盘一样,可采用电话、电报或书信方式提出,以电话或电报方式提出者,通常均另以书面确认之。
另外,卖方接到买方的订单后应认收。认收时,最好重复一下订单的条件。有时卖方因某种原因不能接受买方的订单。在这种情况下,可选用三种方法:1、送上代用品;2、还盘;3、拒绝接受。
采用送上代用品的方法要特别慎重,因客户可能对代用品不满意而拒收。如送代用品,事先未获得客户同意,其货物最好用试销方式,并负责往返运费。拒绝接受订单是在确实无他选择时再用。此种信函必须非常仔细缮写,而且要为友谊和今后交易留有余地。最好采用还盘的方法或劝说买主接受。
4、装运
装运(Shipment),装运条件是买卖合同中必不可少的一项重要条款。它包括装运时间、装运港、运输方式、装卸时间、装运单据等。就外贸而言,装运大多数由远洋轮来承担,即不定期货船或是定期班轮。随着国际贸易的迅速发展,集装箱的使用为公路、铁路和航空运输提供了高效率的运输形式,而且使海运的运费降低了一半。
装运时间,即装运期通常是指货物装上运输工具的时间或期限。在按FOB、C&F和CIF价格条件成交的情况下,卖方的装运时间以提单上签署的日期为依据,如提单日期在合同规定的装运期内,卖方就履行了合同的交货义务。但在FOB条件下,通常是由买方租船或派船或订舱位,如买方未能在合同规定的期限内履行派船或订舱义务,买方应承担卖方由此而遭受的一切损失。
不管交易是按FOR、C&F还是CIF成交的,合同一般规定货物装运完毕后,卖方必须立即向买方发出装船通知(Shipping Advice),其内容包括合同号(或订单)、商品名称、数量、货值、船名及启航日期等。对于按FOB和C&F成交的交易,买方收到卖方的装船通知后应立即办理保险,并准备接货。如因卖方未及时发出装船通知,致使买方未能及时办理保险,而在此期间货物在运输途中遭到的损失,应由卖方负责。
在对外贸易中,货物装运后,卖方必须向买方提供装运单据,作为履行合同并提取货款的依据。装运单据的种类和份数,在每笔具体交易中由买卖双方商定。
装运前买方将装运要求以书面形式通知卖方洽办,说明装船方式,包装规定和唛头等,称为“装运须知”shipping instructions.
如果从一港至另一港无直达船,那就需要转船。为了避免今后可能发生争议,卖方应先征得买方同意。因此,在合同中或信用证中必须制订“允许转船”的条款。
装运涉及面很广,包括报关、预定舱位、租船等等。通常书写有关装运的信函有几种目的:催促早日装运;修改装船条款;寄发装船通知;寄送装船单据等等,趁通知买方货已装船的机会,卖方还可表达进一步发展业务的愿望。
发出装运通知,可以采用定型函稿或普通函件,但在FOB和C&F价格条件下,一般须以电报通知买方,以便买方办理保险和准备派船接受。
交出装运通知,意味着合同的具体实现,虽然还不是交易的终结,但对买卖双方都有重要意义。因此,除通知船已出运,以及在FOB条件下货物备妥通知买方派船以外,还可以利用这个机会,在通知出运的同时,向客户表示完成合同的愉快心情和继续发展贸易的良好愿望,也可以对买方的合作表示感谢,还可以进一步开展推销活动等等。
5、支付
当今世界的贸易活动中,国家之间、企业之间经常会产生债权债务关系。卖方获得一定的债权,买方负有一定的债务。这种债权债务关系必须在一定时期内清算、结算。为实现债权债务的清偿,卖方收入货币,买方支付货币,这些收付均通过一定的支付方式来实现。现在用得较多的国际贸易支付方式有三种:即汇付、托收和信用证。
(一)汇付(Remittance)
汇付是指付款人(买方)根据合同中约定的条件将货款通过银行汇寄给收款人(卖方)的支会方式。参与汇款业务的有四个当事人,他们是:付款方、收款方、汇出行、即受付款方委托汇出的款项的银行、汇入行,即受汇出行委托,解付汇款的银行。如由付款方主动向收款人汇付,称为顺汇法;如由收款方开出以付款人为抬头的汇票,主动向付款方索取,叫做逆汇法,又称出票法。汇款时买方(付款人)可采用信汇、电汇、和票汇三种形式。
(二)托收(Collection)
托收是指由顾客委托银行代为收了各种款项的业务。即出口商(卖方)开出以进口商(买方)为抬头的汇票,委托卖方所在地银行(托收行)通过它在买方所在地的分行或代理行(代收行),代为向买方收款。托收业务中涉及的当事人有:委托人(出口商或收款人)、托收行,代收行和付款人(进口商)。委托人与托收行之间、托收行与代收行之间都是委托代理关系,托收行和代收行对于会款人是否付款不承担责任。托收是建立在商业信用上,风险较大。托收分为光票托收和跟单托收。
(三)信用证(Letter of Credit, 简写 L/C)
买卖双方进行贸易结算时,除非买方具有无可置疑的信誉或买卖双方有着特殊的关系,否则,卖方不愿接受付款交单或承兑交单。因为卖方担心买方最后拒绝付款赎单,这时卖方虽然仍是货主,但他可能收不到货款,在承兑交单项下,买方已拿到单据,最后因某种原因无力支付,卖方就会受到严重的损失,所以,进行国际贸易交会时,更多地采用信用证的方式。
信用证是以银行信用为基础,付款由银行担保。它是由进口地银行应进口商(买方)的请求,开给出口商(卖方)一种保证支付货款的书面凭证。在这种凭证中开列了买方购货所规定的条件,如货物的品种、规格、数量、发货凭证等,只要卖方按所列条件会货,就有权凭此证向开证行或其指定的银行取得货款。
Dear:
Attached is an accepted copy of your Purchase Security Agreement for the [specify equipment]。
There are [number] remaining quarterly payments。 Your first quarterly payment will be due on
[date], and we will mail you an invoice for it approximately one month prior to that date。 Please return the remittance portion of the invoice with your check。
Under the Agreement, this contract is non-cancellable during the term of the contract。 The balance, however, can be paid off at any time prior to the expiration of the contract。
We would like to take this opportunity to express our appreciation for your business。 If you have any questions concerning your contract, or if we can be of service to you in any way, please let us know。
商务感谢信格式
感谢信是一种礼仪文书,用于商务活动中的许多非协议的合同中,一方受惠于另一方,应及时地表达谢忱,使对方在付出劳动后得到心理上的收益,它是一种不可少的*手段。
感谢信的写作格式是书信体。写作时应篇幅短,中文200字左右即可;对收信人为自己做的好事了然于胸,不要忘了什么;把对方给你带来的好处都写清楚,不要含糊其词;表示感谢的话要合乎商家往来的习惯,语气不应过于卑屈。谢意之外,如果允许别人什么应切实可行,能说到做到。
商务感谢信范文
商务感谢信
xxxx电缆有限公司于xx年x月x口在南京举行隆重开业典礼,此间收到全国各地许多同行、用户以及外国公司的贺电、贺函和贺礼。上级机关及全国各地单位的领导,世界各地的贵宾,国内最著名的电缆线路专家等亲临参加庆典,寄予我公司极大的希望,谨此一并致谢,并愿一知既往与各方加强联系。进行更广泛、更友好的合作。
xxxx电缆有限公司
董事长:xxx
总经理:xxx
xx年x月x日
XX公司希望邀请你和XX的代表在以后的几个月中来我司访问。。。如你所知,自从上次在中国见面,我们已有几年没见了。这次会面对我们双方来说都很重要,尤其是继续维持我们之间的合作关系,我们将从贵司处购买新的.模具零件,而且在以后的几年中随着联邦法律的生效,我们正预期增加我们的业务。
自20xx年3月,我们已向XX按030714号合同购买了5000套零件。我们的合同今年到期,所以对于更新我们合同的必要会谈是很重要的。一个后续的关于“模具零件”的合同也会被谈到。
邀请信是邀请亲朋好友或知名人士、专家等参加某项活动时所发的请约性书信。它是现实生活中常用的一种日常应用写作文种。所以很多人不知道怎么去写,下面是YJBYS为大家整理邀请函模板供你参考。
拒绝对方担任独家代理
Thank you for your letter of 1 September suggesting that we grant you a sole agency for our household linens. I regret to say that, at this stage ,such an arrangement would berather premature. We would, however, be willing to engage in a trial collaboration with you company to see how the arrangement works. It would be necessary for you to test the market for our productsat you end. You would also have to build up a much larger turnover tojustify a sole agency. We enclose price lists covering all the products you are interested in and look forward to hearing from you soon.
9月1日有关建议担任家用亚麻制品独家代理的`来信收悉。谨致衷心谢意。目前时机尚未成熟,不能应允该安排深感抱歉。 然而,本公司乐意与贵公司先试行合作,为今后合作打下基础。为证明担任独家代理的能力,贵公司宜上述货品作市场调查,研究是否可扩大现有之营业额。奉上该货品之报价单,敬希查照。专此候复。此致 敬礼
发送商务信函的目的在于建立商务往来关系,就某一细节进行商讨,努力达成共识,以便促进一项商务活动的开展。要达到这些目的,首先必须保证阅读者能够清楚了解写信人的意图,迂回或闪烁其辞的话语会让读信人产生不信任,甚至会怀疑对方的语言表达能力,对进一步开展商务活动很不利。模棱两可的话轻则阻碍读信人对信函意思的理解,重则会对发函方造成不必要的损失。例如: As to the steamers sailing from Hong Kong to San Francisco,we have bimonthly direct services. 此处bimonthly 有歧义,可以是twice a month 或者once two month.故读信人就迷惑了,可以改写为We have two direct sailings every month from Hong Kong to San Francisco.
翻译要保留原文的清晰度相当重要。由于在较为正式的场合中,为了将一概念定义完整和清楚,英文常常用关联词将几个短句并在一起形成一个长句,而中文无法照样只用一句话来翻译,即使这样译了也很难达到通顺和自然。这时,我们就采取将长句按特定的事情发展的顺序拆分成两个或两个以上的小句子的方式来翻译。必要时还要增加或省略一些词语,让整段文字结构更合理、内容更清楚。例如: The prices stated are based on current freight rates,any increase or decrease in freight rates at time of shipment is to be the benefit of the buyer,with the seller assuming the payment of all transportation charges to the point or place of delivery.例句中以一个介词with 来分界,译为“合同价格是以运费计算,装运时运费的增减均属买方。卖方则承担至交货地的全部运费”。在原文中with 分句是一个状语,翻译时采用中国人平铺直叙的思维方式,用分述的方式把这个句子拆成两句,清楚地表达了原文的语言信息。
是不是一封书信只要包含了全部关键信息就可以成为一封好的书信了呢? 拟信人还应注意语言组织的条理性,或按事情发展的先后顺序,或按各要素的重要性排序编写。东扯一句,西扯一句的写法必定会影响文章的清晰度。
英语商务信函祝福语汇编
1. Please send your reply by messenger.
2. Please reply immediately.
3. Please favor us with your reply as early as possible.
4. Please write to us by tonight's mail, without fail.
5. May we remind you that we are still awaiting your early reply.
6. May we request the favor of your early reply?
7. A prompt reply would help us greatly.
8. A prompt reply will greatly oblige us.
9. Your prompt reply would be greatly appreciated.
10. Your prompt attention to this matter would be greatly esteemed.
11. We look forward to receiving your early reply.
12. We thank you now for this anticipated courtesy.
13. As the matter is urgent, an early reply will oblige.
14. We reply on receiving your reply by return of post.
15. We hope to receive your favor at an early date.
16. We hope to be favored with a reply with the least delay.
17 We await good news with patience.
18. We hope to receive a favorable reply per return mail.
19. We await the pleasure of receiving a favorable reply at an early date.
20. We await the favor of your early (prompt) reply.
21. A prompt reply would greatly oblige us.
22. We trust you will favor us with an early (prompt) reply.
23. We trust that you will reply us immediately.
24. We should be obliged by your early (prompt) reply.
25. Will you please reply without delay what your wishes are in this matter?
26. Will you kindly inform us immediately what you wish us to do?
27. We request you to inform us of your decision by return of post.
28. We are awaiting (anxious to receive) your early reply.
29. We thank you for the anticipated favor of your early reply.
Dear Mr/Mrs,
We write to confirm our agreement reached during ourconversation on 9th June about special discountson M-S Acoustical Partitions as describedon page 8of our catalogue. These prices will prevail through30 Regular Price Special pricedimensionEachEach(12 or more)4X4’US$ Bern US$ FOB Bern4x5’132 ’ We will be happy to receive your order.
Yours sincerely
商业信函格式 范文 20_-6-2 9:49:01 A correct writing form for business correspondence shows the receivers address at the left, under the level of the date and two lines above the salutation, the same as it appears on the envelope。
The date may be placed at the right margin of the page, in alignment with the closing and signature at the bottom, or flush with the left margin if a full block style is used。 正确的商业信函格式应将收信人的地址放在日期下方 , 距敬称上方两行处以上。
与信封排列格式相同。如果用全开信纸 , 日期应放在信纸的右上方 , 与下方的结束语及署名对齐。
August 8,2000 Mr。 John Lake T&T Co。
Ltd。 25 Broadway New York, New York 10024 Dear Mr。
Lake, (Body of the Letter) Sincerely yours, Arthur Harding Moore 也希望这个链接对你有用。
from triple wave sdn. bhd a-5-9 empire tower, ss16/1 subang jaya, 47500, selangor, malaysia
dear visa officer, we would be grateful if a business visa could be granted for china research institute of electronic engineering, to visit malaysia on monday february 15 through february 20, XX. during this trip he will meet with our company representative to discuss the sale and distribution of digital cctv surveillance solutions, access control system and security alarm system and other communication solutions. china research institute of electronic engineering is financially responsible for the applicant’s visit and undertakes to ensure that that he will abide by the rules and regulations of the malaysia sincerely, mr. samir senior vice president triple wave sdn. bhd
consulate general of malaysia consular section dear visa officer, we are cordially inviting china research institute of electronic engineering to visit malaysia on monday april 3 through april 17, XX. during this trip he will meet with our company representative to discuss the sale and distribution of products. sincerely, barry g. hart senior vice president east coast promotions, triple wave sdn. bhd a-5-9 empire tower, ss16/1 subang jaya,
47500, selangor, malaysia
[摘要] 随着我国国际贸易的发展,各种涉外合同、协议、通知等英语商务信函日益增多。无论对个人还是企业来说,一封优秀得体的商务信函会给您的同事、供应商和客户留下良好的第一印象,有助于商务活动的成功进行。本文提出一个英语商务信函构思工具来辅助写信者对信函进行构思,把握住信函的内容和着重之处。并结合范例进行分析。
[关键词] 商务信函 构思 订货 确认订购
一、引言
英语作为国际通用的商务语言,对其沟通交流技巧的掌握程度逐渐成为体现企业文化和素质的前沿准绳。无论对个人还是企业来说,一封优秀得体的商务信函会给您的同事、供应商和客户留下良好的第一印象。随着全球经济一体化进程的不断发展,世界范围内的经济合作与交流也在不断增多。人们不可能跟自己的贸易伙伴一一亲自会面协商。而且我们常常需要将自己的贸易伙伴做出的各种承诺变成有籍可查的文字记录。这时商务信函就成了取代亲自拜会的一种便宜有效的沟通媒介。 我们给贸易伙伴的每一封信都代表着自己所在公司的形象,显示着公司的水平和实力。“一封好的商务信函有助于促进和发展同客户的关系,在促进达成新的业务方面起着积极的作用。”(摘自《丹尼尔·肯尼迪方法:推销信创造的奇迹》)
Sample 1
写作案例详解
Dear :
Thank you very much for giving so much help to our Sales Manager Adam Francis while he was in San Francisco.
must have already written to you to express his gratitude,but I would like to thank you on behalf o the whole information you provided and the contacts you helped him to establish are most useful to our efforts in the Bay wish to have more help from you in the future.
If I can offer you any similar service,please feel free to contact me.
Yours Sincerely
写作案例详解
Dear :
To celebrate the 10th anniversary of Shenzhen Trading are holding a dinner party at Hilton Hotel in Shenzhen from 7:00 9:30 Saturday,June 6th.
You are cordially welcome to the party so that we can express our sincere appreciation for your generous yo
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