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在执行上级党组织决定方面存在的问题及整改措施范文(通用6篇)
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2023-03-18
2023-06-27
2023-07-05
2023-03-20
在执行上级党组织决定方面存在的问题及整改措施范文(通用6篇)
2023-06-15
Dear Sirs: June 24, 20_
Thank you for your letter of June 18 enclosing details of your terms. According to your request for opening an irrevocable L/C, we have instructed the Beijing City Commercial Bank to open a credit for US$ 50,000 in your favor, valid until Sep. 20. Please advise us by fax when the order has been executed.
Sincerely
英文信函的信头也称信端,其内容包括发件公司的名称、标志、通信地址、电话号码、传真号、电子邮箱等。书写信头的目的是为了方便收件人了解信函来自何处,并为回复提供联系方式。
很多公司都会印制带信头的信纸。一般来说,人们喜欢将简单的信头放在信纸上端居中,将复杂的信头放在信纸的右侧或上下两端。在使用这种信纸打印信函时,一定要注意为信头留出足够的空间。
对于私人商务信函,如求职信等,信头通常写在信纸的右上方。
如果信函的长度超过两页,那么从第2页开始就不再需要信头了,只需写上页码、收件人姓名及日期。
英文地址的书写和中文地址的书写有很大区别,应遵循从小到大的原则。特别值得注意的是,地址中的标点符号需正确使用。当前的习惯做法是,行末一般不加标点符号,但行中间该加标点的地方,还是不应省略。门牌号码与街道名称之间不加标点,但是在城市与国家名称之间必须用逗号分开。
外贸函电常用范文如下:
1.
Dear Mr. Li,
Your firm has been recommended 1 to us by the Dickson Electrics Company, with whom we have done business for many years.
We are interested in your Electric Typewriters for use in offices and shall be glad if you will send us a copy of your illustrated catalogue 2 and current price list.
Yours sincerely,
Susan Block
Manager
A Reply
Dear Ms Block,
We welcome you for your enquiry of Fed. 1 and thank you for your interest in our commodities. We are enclosing 3 some copies of our illustrated catalogues and a price list giving the details you asked for.
We trust that you will agree that our products and price appeal to 4 the most selective buyer. And we also allow a proper discount 5 according to the quantity ordered.
Thank you again for your interest in our products. We are looking forward to your order and you may be assured 6 that it will receive our prompt and careful attention.
Yours truly
2.
Dear Mr. Lu,
We have noticed from your advertisement 1 in 2 that you export large quantities of cushions 3 to European market.
Being specialized in this line for a long time, we are well connected with 4 many customers in our country. At present, we are interested in back cushion fine in quality and low in price. It will be highly appreciated if you could send us some brochures and samples for our reference and quote 5 your lowest price on CIF basis including our 3% commission 6 .
Should your goods prove satisfactory and price be found competitive 7 , you may expect substantial 8 orders from us.
We are looking forward to your early reply.
Yours faithfully
A Reply
Dear Mr. Bean,
We warmly welcome your enquiry of April 4 and thank you for your interest in our cushions.
We are enclosing samples and price list of back cushions giving the details you asked for. We feel confident that you will find the goods both excellent in quality and reasonable in price.
Best regards,
Yours sincerely
希望对你有帮助。
gentlemen: june 8, 20_
we have received your price lists and have studied it carefully. however, the price level in your quotation is too high for this market, if you are prepared to grant us a discount of 10% for a quantity of 200, we would agree to your offer. you should note that some price cut will justify itself by an increase in business. we hope to hear from you soon.
I would like to confirm our appointment to discuss the possibility of merging our distribution networks. I am excited of the prospect ofexpanding our trade. As agreed, We will meet of our office in bond street at Monday 20 March. I have scheduled the whole day for the meeting. If for any reason you are unable to attend , please phone me so that we can make alternative arrangements. Please let me know if you would like our office to arrange hotel accommodation. I look forward with great pleasure to our meeting.
gentlemen: june 4, 20_
thank you for your inquiry of june the 1st concerning the deer mountain bike. it gives us great pleasure to send along the technical information on the model together with the catalog and price list. after studying the prices and terms of trade, you will understand why we are working to capacity to meet the demand. we look forward to the opportunity of being of service of you.
居 住 地:天津-天津 户 籍 地:湖南-
婚姻状况:未婚 身高(cm):160
自我评价
本人主修 外贸 英语 ,大学 英语 6级,熟练的办公室软件操作,熟悉 外贸 业务流程。四个月赴美实习经验,积极勤奋,吃苦耐劳,个性主动,思路敏捷,沟通能力强。
求职 意向
期望工作类型:全职
期望从事行业:家用电器/消费电子,汽摩及配件/交通产品,商务服务/ 国际货运
期望从事职位: 外贸 业务
期望工作地点:天津
工作经验
20_/6-20_/10 Belvedere Motel
工作地点: Atlantic,New Jersey,USA
工作职位: house keeper
工作职责和业绩: be waitess do some cleaning
20_/2-20_/6 **化妆品店
工作地点: 长沙市雨花区香樟路
工作职位: 营业员
工作职责和业绩: 销售化妆品
20_/11-20_/2 潮流前线
工作地点: 湖南株洲**
工作职位: 营业员
工作职责和业绩: 销售服装
教育背景
20_/9 - 20_/ 长沙理工
学历: 本科
专业: 经济学类 :外贸 英语
描述: 英语语法,综合英语,英语阅读,英语视听, 英语口语 英,语国家概况, 日语 , 外贸英语 函电,英文写作,英汉 翻译 ,英美文学,英语语言学,第二外语,汉英 翻译 ,,英文报刊选读,外贸 单证 , 外贸英语 , 商务英语 阅读,WTO文本英语, 国际贸易 与实务,商务谈判等
语言能力
英语 - 熟练
日语 - 一般
汉语 - 母语
外语 简历
we understand that you are the agent for the white tiger ties. we enclose our order for 1000 dozens of the white tiger ties. please note that we need these goods rather urgently as christmas is drawing near. if you could supply goods timely for seasons, we would make repeated orders, provided prices are reasonable. payment for the enclosed order will be made on a draft at sight under our letter of credit opened in your favor on receipt of your confirmati”on that the goods are sent out, and can be delivered before 1, december, 2000.
获悉贵公司为“白虎牌领带的代理商。兹附上1000打白虎牌领带订单一份。
请注意,由于圣诞节在即,本公司急需这批货物。如果贵公司能够及时供应时令货品,而且价格公道,我方将继续订货。
此票订单之货款,待确认贵方已于2000年12月1日前发货之后,本公司即向贵公司开出见票即付的信用证。
摘 要:外贸函电是指在国际贸易中涉外企业和人员之间相互往来的各种英文信件。在外贸函电中,会经常使用长句来表达复杂的意义。翻译外贸函电长句应以准确通顺为原则,在准确地理解原文的基础上,按照汉语的特点和表达方式,正确地译出原文。外贸函电长句的翻译方法主要有顺序法、逆序法、分译法和综合法:顺序法是按原文顺序译出;逆序法是反原文顺序译出;分译法是把原文按意群切分后在译出;综合法是打破原文结构,以译语重新表达。
关键词:外贸函电 长句 翻译 翻译方法
外贸函电,又可称为商务英语函电、外贸英语函电、国际商务函电,是指在国际贸易中涉外企业和人员之间相互往来的各种英文信件。外贸函电产生和服务于各种各样的商务业务范畴。在外贸函电中,会经常使用长句来表达复杂的意义。长句是指形体长,词数多,结构复杂,包含各种语法关系和特殊句型在内的较长的句子。英语以主谓结构为主干,句子成分可以被短语或从句重重修饰,由此形成长句。结构复杂的长句在外贸函电中能表达复杂的意义,使行文显得严谨,增强行文的正式程度。
翻译是把一种语言所表达的内容用另一种语言表达出来的语言活动,它包含了对原文含义的理解逐步深入,对原文含义的表达逐步完善的过程。在翻译外贸函电长句时需要具备一定的商务知识,理解函电中独特词汇的专业含义和固定译法,深入理解原文,在准确地理解原文的基础上,按照汉语的特点和表达方式,正确地译出原文。文章着重探讨外贸函电长句的翻译方法。
1 外贸函电长句的翻译方法
英语长句翻译的处理技巧一般是化整为零,分散解决。首先要弄清原文的句法结构,找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思之间的相互逻辑关系。再按照汉语的特点和表达方式,正确地译出原文的意思,同时兼顾原文的风格。
顺序法
有些外贸函电长句是按时间或动作发生的先后顺序或按逻辑关系排列,与汉语表达方法比较一致,翻译时按原文顺译出。例如:
There is such a demand for the goods and we have none of this particular make in stock at the moment, that we cannont effect shipment within the time you specified.
该句首先是一个such……that 结果状语从句,全句总共有三个短句,可以按照原文顺序一一译出。
译文:目前对该项货物需求极大,此类特制品目前亦无存货,我方确实无法在贵公司制定之期限内办理装船。
逆序法
逆序法是指颠倒英语长句的语序,将句子成分前部分放到译文的后部,或将后面部分放到译文前面,采用这种方法主要是让译文符合汉语的习惯表达法。例如:
Thank you for your quotation for bicycle, but we regret that we have to place our order elsewhere as your prices are too high for this market.
该句的逻辑与汉语刚好相反,结果在前,而由as引导的原因状语从句在后,因此使用逆序法翻译,使其符合汉语习惯。
译文:谢谢贵方自行车报价,但遗憾的是,贵方价格对此市场来说过高,我们不得不向别处订购。
分译法
分译法是把长句化整为零,按意群将句子切分开来,译成汉语分句或独立句。例如:
You should establish the covering L/C before June 10 || according to the stipulation of S/^v^o. 318, || we regret to remind you || that your L/C does not arrive up to the date || in spite of our repeated reminders.
根据意群,该句可切分成五个短句(例句中以“||”表示),再根据中文表达习惯,一一译出。
译文:根据318号销售合同规定,贵方应在6月10如前开出有关信用证。但很遗憾地提醒贵方,尽管我们一再催促,贵方信用证至今尚未到达。
综合法
综合法是指在准确地领会、把握了原文的基础上,打破原文的结构,用自己的话恰如其分地表达出原文的信息、含义和精神风貌。这是长句翻译中最难掌握的一种翻译方法,当以上方法都不能有效地处理英语长句翻译时,可考虑使用此法。例如:
Would you please claim on our behalf against the ship owners who are evidently responsible for this loss?
此句中,因为有从句的关系,on our behalf ^v^入到claim against之间,再加上限定性定语从句,以及从句中表达观点的evidently,使得全句按原文顺序很难译出,因此可以先把原文位于句子中部的evidently提至句首,再把who引导的定语从句改为一个表示原因的分句,而would you please则按其功能译为“请”,整句由原来的疑问句变为汉语的陈述句,即打破了原文的结构,按内在逻辑关系以译语重新组织。
译文:显然,船主要对这一损失负责,请代表我方向船主提出索赔。
2 结语
外贸函电是指在国际贸易中涉外企业和人员之间相互往来的各种英文信件。外贸函电的翻译应以准确通顺为原则。在翻译外贸函电长句时,应化整为零,分散解决。先找出句子主干,弄清原文的句法结构及逻辑关系;然后找出各种修饰成分,理清关系,分解长句;最后根据具体情况,按照汉语的特点和表达习惯,同时尽量兼顾外贸函电的用语特征,正确地译出原。外贸函电长句的翻译方法主要有顺序法、逆序法、分译法和综合法。无论哪种翻译方法,最重要的是要充分理解原文,把握好原文的语言、风格等要点,在译文中安排好框架结构,形成准确、通顺的译文。
参考文献
[1] 车丽娟,贾秀海.商务英语翻译教程[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,20_.
[2] 陈浩然.外贸英语翻译[M].北京:知识产权出版社,20_.
[3] 李文彪.国际商务函电[M].北京:北京理工大学出版社,20_.
[4] 廖英,莫再树.国际商务英语语言与翻译研究[M].北京: 机械工业出版社,20_.
[5] 王燕.外贸函电[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版社,20_.
[6] 许建平.英汉互译实践与技巧[M].北京:清华大学出版社, 20_.
[7] 张培基,喻云根,李宗杰,等.英汉翻译教程[M].上海:上海外语教育出版社,20_.
Schubert strasse 16, K-2618, Hamburg, Germany
Telefon: 1 41 61 00 00 Telefax: 0 41 61 00 01
2 April 200#
Ms Ni Minzhi
3W Co. Ltd.
3B Guihua Road
Shanghai 20_33
China
Dear Ms Ni,
Order No. 9953
Thank you for your order which has been completed and is being sent to your today.
As agreed we have forwarded our bill, No, 2782 for with the documents to your bank , Industrial & Commercial Bank of China, Caohejing Branch, Shanghai. The Draft has been made out for payment 30 days after sight, and the documents will be handed to you on acceptance.
Yours sincerely
H. Koppermann
Managing Director
Dear Sirs: June 12, 20_
Thank you for your letter of June the 8th. We regret that we cannot meet your terms. We must point out that the falling market here leaves us little or no margin of profit. We must ask you for a keener price in respect to future orders. At present the best discount offered for a quantity of 200 is 5%. Our current situation leaves us little room to bargain. We hope you will reconsider the offer.
Truly
Dear Sirs: May 1, 20_
Inquiries regarding our new product, the Deer Mountain Bike, have been coming in from all parts of the world. Reports from users confirm what we knew before it was put on the market - that it is the best mountain bike available. Enclosed is our brochure.
Yours faithfully
dear sirs: , 20_
we received your promotional letter and brochure today. we believe that your would do well here in the . kindly send us further details of your prices and terms of sale. we ask you to make every effort to quote at competitive prices in order to secure our business. we look forward to hearing from you soon..
truly
Gentlemen: June 8, 20_
We have received your price lists and have studied it carefully. However, the price level in your quotation is too high for this market, If you are prepared to grant us a discount of 10% for a quantity of 200, we would agree to your offer. You should note that some price cut will justify itself by an increase in business. We hope to hear from you soon.
Yours truly
in reply to your inquiry we sent you on may 25 a copy of illustrated catalog of our electric products. as we have not heard from you since, we would like to ask whether you have had received our reply and what opinion you have on our products. we are always ready to serve you and should be grateful for your reply.
在5月25日我方对贵方询函的回函中,已寄去本公司电器产品的附图目录。因迄今尚未接到贵方的消息,特致函询问,贵方是否已收到我方回函,并征求贵方对本公司产品的意见。我方随时愿意效劳,若承蒙贵方惠赐回函,当不胜感激。
from yesterday’s morning paper we have learned that you are now taking applications from exhibitors for the 2000 canton fair. we hope you would send us a copy of detailed conditions for application, such as size of each booth, fees for rent, and time schedule for moving in, etc., as well as the time limit for application.
从昨天《晨报》上获悉,贵单位正在征集“2000年广交会”的参展申请。希望贵方能将展位大孝租用展位价格、进场时间、最迟申请日期等详细情况通知我方。
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for your order of 500b/w TV sets by your letter dated 17 July.
We have considered your proposal to pay by a 30-day letter of credit. We do not usually accept time credit; however, in view of our long and mutually beneficial relationship, we are willing to make an exception this time.
I must stress that this departure from our usual practice relates to this transaction only. This one-time accommodation does not set a precedent for future transactions.
I am enclosing our sales contract covering the order. I would be grateful if you would follow the usual procedure.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
答复直接付款的要求
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for your letter dated 2 October requesting payment against documents for contracts and 483.
We are pleased to say that we agree to your request. We wish, however, to make it clear that in our future transactions, involved for each transaction is less than US$5,000 or the equivalent in Renminbi. Should the amount exceed that figure, payment by letter of credit will be required.
We would like to say that this exception is allowed only in light of our long and mutually beneficial association.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
dear sirs: may 1, 20_
inquiries regarding our new product, the deer mountain bike, have been coming in from all parts of the world. reports from users confirm what we knew before it was put on the market - that it is the best mountain bike available. enclosed is our brochure.
yours faithfully
We enclose our new catalogue and price list. The revised prices will apply from 1 April 1997. You will see that there have been number of changes in our product range. A number of improved models have been introduced. Out range of washing machines has been completely revamped. Many popular lines, however, have been retained unchanged. You will be aware that inflation is affecting industry as a whole .Ws have been affected like everyone else and some price increases havebeen unavoidable. We have not, however, increased our prices across the board, In many cases, there is a small price increase, but in others, none at all. We can assure you that the quality of our consumer durables has been maintained at a high standard and that our service will continueto be first class. We look forward to receiving your orders.
谨谢上新的商品目录和价格表。修订价格定于1997年4月1日起生效。产品系列有一大革新,增加了不少改良的型号,扒出一系列新款的洗衣机,但许多款的开动号仍保持不变。通货膨胀影响整个工业连带令货品价格上涨。虽然如此,本公司并未全面提升价格,调整幅度亦不大。 本公司坚守一贯信念,务求出产优质之耐用消费品,迎合顾客的需要。 谢谢贵公司多年惠顾,盼继续合作。
Gentlemen: June 4, 20_
Thank you for your inquiry of June the 1st concerning the Deer Mountain Bike. It gives us great pleasure to send along the technical information on the model together with the catalog and price list. After studying the prices and terms of trade, you will understand why we are working to capacity to meet the demand. We look forward to the opportunity of being of service of you.
Kiddie Korner,Inc. March 2nd,2000 Datex Trading Co. Ltd. Lianfang building 666 Huayuan Avenue Dalian,Liaoning China
Dear Sir or Madam,
We were impressed by the selection of sweaters that were displayed on your stand at the Menswear Exhibition that was held in Chicago last month.
We are a large chain of retailers and looking for a manufacturer who could supplyus with a wide range of sweaters for the teenage market.
As we usually place very large orders,we would expect a quantity discount in addition to a 20% trade discount off net list prices,and our terms of payment are normally 30 days bill of exchange,documents against payment.
If these conditions interest you,and you can meet orders of over 1000 garments at one time,please send us your current catalogue and hope to hear from you soon.
Yours faithfully,
Fred Johns
China Trade Manager
改善服务
Thank you for your letter of 26 January. I apologize for the delivery problems you had with us last month. To prevent the occurrence of these problems, I have had a meeting with our production and shipping managers to work out a better system for handling your orders. We have devised the enclosed checklist to be used for your future orders. It includes your firm's particular specifications, packing requirements and marking instructions. Please contact us if there are any additional points you would like us to include.
感谢1月26日来信。非常抱歉上个月给你方造成的运输问题。唯恐类似事件再发生,本公司生产和运输部经理已商议制订更有效的方法处理贵公司事务,并为此特别设计清单。 随信奉上该清单,供贵公司今后订货之用。当中包括特殊规格、包装要求和市场说明等栏目,相信此举有助本公司提供更佳服务,促进双方合作。如欲增设任何栏目于该清单上,恳求惠示。
回复感谢信
We greatly appreciate your letter describing the assistance you received in solving your air-conditioning problems. We are now in our fifth year of operation, and we receive many letters like yours indicating a high level of customer satisfaction with our installation. We are pleased that our technical staff assisted you so capably. We would like you to know that if you need to contact us at any time in the future, our engineers will be equally responsive to your request for assistance. If we can be of service to you again, please let us know. Thank you again for your very kind letter.
承蒙来信赞扬本公司提供的空调维修工程服务,欣喜不已。五年前开业至今,屡获客户来函嘉奖,本公司荣幸之至。欣悉贵公司赏识技术人员的服务,他日若有任何需要,亦请与本公司联络,本公司定当提供优秀技师,竭诚效劳。在此再衷心感谢贵公司的赞赏,并请继续保持联络。
姓名:XXX
性别:女
毕业院校:中南大学
民族:汉
籍贯:湖南
出生年月:20xx年
专业:外贸英语(大专)
电话:xxxxxx
政治面貌:共青团员
电子邮件:
求职意向:
采购、船务、外贸业务、外贸跟单、文秘
技能总结
外语水平:
曾担任广州一家电子产品公司经理的助理兼职翻译。
在校期间进行过专业的日语学习,能够翻译简单的日语函电。
计算机水平:
教育背景:
20xx年x月——20xx年x月湖南常德中山外语电脑专修学院(中专)
20xx年x月——20xx年x月中南大学(大专)
教育模式为“x+x”学分模式
主修课程:
国际贸易、外贸英语、商务英语、英语函电、电脑、ISOxxxx质量认证体系
获奖情况:
20xx年度学院“三好学生”
20xx年度校级“优秀学生干部”
自我评价:
本人性格开朗、思维活跃,极富创造力,易于沟通,具有较好团队的意识,善于与同事相处。做事塌实,自觉服从公司纪律,对公司忠诚。
Thank you for your letter of 2 November. We are delighted to hear that you are to pleased with the refurbishment of your hotel. As your know .in our line of work, we depend on good ,reports about our projects to win further business. Our clients always shop around and look for references before committing themselves. With your permission, we would like to use your hotel as a reference when we discuss similar refurbishments in the hotel industry . Would you agree to our suggesting that future clients should call you? It would also be most helpful if we could occasionally bring a client to look at your hotel . We would , of course , stay overnight at call you next week to hear your reaction. Thanks again for you kind words.
从11月2日的来函得悉阁下对贵饭店的整修感到满意,此消息对本公司实是一鼓励。设计行业重视声誉,客人在选择设计公司时必然会有所比较。如蒙允许,本公司欲请贵饭店作推荐人,证明有关整修的质素。未知可否让其他客户来电垂询?此外,如获允准间或联同客户前来参观贵饭店整修,定必有莫大帮助。当然,本公司会预订房间,至少留宿一晚。
thank you for your letter of october 10 for business copiers. we are now sending you our price-list and catalog of the newest types that are under production and we can supply at once from stock.
we want to notice you that prices of copier parts and components have gone up steadily since the second half of the year. though we have tried hard to keep our quotations down, we are afraid the margin for keeping on going like this will not long. therefore, we suggest that you will let us have your order before further rises in costs, which will lead to a raise in prices very soon unavoidably.
感谢贵方10月10日关于商用复印机的询函。现随函奉送本公司正在生产的、并有现货供应的最新型号的产品清单和价目表。
我方想告诉贵方,自下半年以来,复印机的零、部件价格一直不断增长。尽管我方尽量压低报价,但恐怕有此余地的时间不会太久。因此,建议贵方在零、部件再次涨价,并不可避免地引起成品涨价之前便向我方订货。
最初总是看完邮件后不知道从哪儿下手,总要被动的等安排;慢慢的,通过一步步的学习,逐个环节的了解,现在,看完邮件能分辨出哪些是自己能主动去完成的,这样效率就大大提高了很多。我想,进步不是一蹴而就,而是需要时间和经验的累积。
在平时的学习工作生活中,通过与大家的沟通,使我融入了这个集体之中,对我们的产品和业务操作有了一定的认识;通过出差到工厂,对产品的制作流程和材料等也有了一定的了解。在工作中学到很多,也锻炼了自己。尽管有进步,但在很多方面仍存在不足。没有专业的产品知识和业务能力去和客户、工厂沟通,沟通能力不够,处事不够成熟,在遇到突发问题时,不能冷静独立的解决,很多方面都有待提高,这些都是我以后要努力的方向。另外,自己有时候还是会松懈,有一定的惰性,不太主动的去学习,主观能动性不够,只满足于完成当前的工作,而不会长远的看待问题,这些问题都需要克服。人总是在不断进步的,如果停滞不前,就失去了生活的意义。
一、 实习目的
通过在单位的实习锻炼英语听、说、读、写能力 ,掌握实用的外贸技能,实践和巩固贸易知识,熟悉外贸业务,在实际业务的操作过程中全面、系统、规范地掌握外贸进出口流程, 为即将的就业打牢基础。
二、 实习时间
三、 实习地点
南京xxx出口贸易有限企业(南京市xx路xx号xxb座xx室)
四、 实习单位和部门
南京xx出口贸易有限企业 业务部门
五、 实习内容
根据相关的国际贸易法律与惯例,结合所学知识与国际贸易实践,用英语与外商交流、谈判及写传真、书信。掌握外贸术语,对出口贸易中业务函电的草拟、商品价格的核算、交易条件的磋商、买卖合同的签订、出口货物的托运订舱、报验通关、信用证的审核与修改以及贸易文件制作和审核等主要业务操作技能。
(1)坚持理论联系实际 将《商务英语谈判》〈国际贸易单证〉《英语口语》等课程中所学到的基础理论和基本政策加以具体运用。力求做到理论与实践、政策与业务有效地结合起来,不断提高分析与解决实际问题的能力。认真观察业务流程,积极和同事交流 虚心请教学习,学习与客户沟通,开发市场。
(2)加强英语的学习 对于外贸专业人员而言,不仅要掌握一定的专业知识,而且还必须会用英语与外商沟通、谈判及函电等。如果专业英语知识掌握不好,就无法开展工作,甚至会影响业务的顺利进行。因此,在实习中大胆与客户交流,边巩固所学知识,边学习工作中遇到的外贸英语知识,掌握外贸专业术语基础。
(3)注意本课程同其他相关课程的联系 外贸英语是一门综合性的学科,与其他课程内容紧密相联。应该将各们知识综合运用。比如法律,比如商品学 比如营销学,在实习期间发现这些对开展工作的用处很大,这就要求我们广泛博览其他相关学科的书籍,多和同事、上级沟通 关注外贸当面的新发展,不断提高业务能力。
(4)坚持学以致用 外贸英语是一门实践性很强的应用学科。实习中深有体会,许多书本中学的东西想要发发挥其作用 需要广泛积极的应用于外贸交流中,处理工作事务中学习到很多书本没有讲的知识 ,可见 学以致用在这门学科里的重要性。基本的业务 流程 就得从找客户开始。寻找客户是一门颇深的学问,要下一番苦功夫才行,运气好的另当别论。当然要回答客户的问题,给客户报价等应该要具备一些基本的. 国际贸易 知识。我上个学期学的 国际贸易 实务让我对 国际贸易 方面的 术语 并不陌生。目前为止,虽然自我感觉有些客户稍有眉目,但是稍一不慎就前功尽弃。只有找到了客户,下了订单,签订了合同,才有后面一系列制单结汇等 流程 。由于本人才疏学浅,目前尚属初级阶段――找客户阶段。
六、 实习总结
我通过一段时间的摸索摸索,总结出摆正心态的重要性 ,冷静分析,从自身查找原因,采取有效措施。树立一个辩证的挫折观,保持自信和乐观的态度,正是失败本身才最终造就了成功。学会自我宽慰,能容忍挫折,要心怀坦荡,情绪乐观,善于化压力为动力,改变内心的压抑状态,以求身心的轻松,重新争取成功。 接待客户,收发处理邮件 制发文件等工作要做到积极主动,认真 负责。 还有与领导谈话要注意言语场合 ,正确理解领导意图。
通过实习,加深了我对外贸英语知识的理解,提高了我的实践能力,掌握了更为实际的外贸知识,锻炼了办事能力,了解了社会。 通过实习,发现了自己的不足,我会在以后的工作学习中更加努力,取长补短,需心求教。相信自己会在以后的工作中更加用心,表现更加出色!不管从事什么工作都会努力! 对于企业的不足,暂时还没什么想法,可能是自己观察不够。以后我会在这方面有所留心,争取多发现问题,解决问题,有好的想法会及时和大家交流。
Dear Sir or Madam:
This is regarding our quotation dated 2 November, and our mail offer dated 8 November concerning the supply of widgets(小机具).We are prepared to keep our offer open until the end of this month.
For your information, the market is firm and growing. There is very little likelihood of any significant change in the visible future. As this product is in great demand and the supply is limited, to secure your order, we would recommend that you accept this offer without delay.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
[提要] 在进出口业务中,外贸英语函电几乎贯穿于全过程。而现今实际操作中外贸英语函电的写作与某些课本上有一定的出入。本文就针对出入点以及实际写作中的原则及技巧进行阐述,为写作外贸英语函电的人员提供借鉴。
关键词:外贸;英语函电;技巧
中图分类号:G64 文献标识码:A
原标题:基于理论教学与项目实践相结合的外贸英语函电撰写技巧的研究
收录日期:20_年3月13日
在国际贸易中,一笔交易从买卖双方取得联系开始直至合同履行完毕,往往需要经过以下步骤:建立业务联系交易磋商合同签订合同履行。其中,各环节都会使用外贸函电进行联系,尤其是前两个环节的使用频率最高。在信息化高度发达的今天,外贸函电并不局限于纸质版的,也可以是电子邮件、传真或MSN。
一、撰写外贸英语函电应遵循的“7C”原则
1、体谅原则(consideration):就是强调对方的情况而不是自己的情况,要体现一种站在他人角度去考虑、多体谅对方心情和处境。
2、礼貌原则(courtesy):礼貌不仅仅是指有礼而已,或者简单的用一些礼貌用语就可以,它是从一个“You attitude”的角度考虑问题。如何让对方觉得是礼貌呢?尽量不用大写英文字母;不应使用过激、冒犯和轻视的词语;第一尽量用被动态;第二用疑问句;最后用虚拟句。
3、完整原则(completeness):在函电中信息完整很关键,一封外贸英语函电应概括各项必需的事项。如,邀请信应说明时间、地点等,切忌寄出含糊不清的信件或一件事分多次书信传达给对方。
4、清楚原则(clarity):是外贸英语函电写作最重要的原则。一封含糊不清、词不达意的书信会引起误会,甚至会造成贸易损失。要注意修饰词的位置;选择正确、简练的词以及正确的句子结构。
5、简洁原则(conciseness):要求用最少的语言表达最丰富的内容。要做到简洁,必须避免废话连篇;能用单词表达短语的就用单词,能用短语表达句子的就用短语,能用短句表达长句的则用短句。
6、具体原则(concreteness):外贸英语函电必须避免采用模糊、大概和抽象的词语和语句,应尽量运用具体的事实和数字,这样将有助于加快事务的进程。
7、正确原则(correctness):语言和内容都要正确。具体体现在以下几点:标点符号的运用;单词的位置;介词的表达,数字前如果要用介词则须十分小心。
二、写作外贸英语函电的技巧
1、函电不宜写得过长。一般地,很多欧洲客户处理每一封函电的时间是2~3秒,也就是大致扫一眼。重要的函电,一般马上仔细阅读并回复;不是太重要的,会在outlook里标注上要处理的具体时间,然后从in box拉到相应的子目录里。
2、要有明确的主题。主题明确的写法举例“ ABC inc/Home Depot vendor-solar desk/DEF .”其中,ABC inc代表了客户的公司名,主题里首先加上对方公司名,表示对对方公司的尊重;Home Depot是美国第二大零售商,Home Depot vendor-solar desk明确表示自己是北美第三大零售商,既表明了实力,也勾起对方的兴趣;最后的DEF .代表自己公司。
3、函电开头不宜使用“From the internet……”。实际操作中,“From the internet,we get your company name.”类似的话千万不要说!可以这样写:“We're glad to hear that you're on the market for...”。(我们很高兴获悉你对某某产品有兴趣)。
4、不要长篇大论的介绍公司或工厂。但是可以这样写:We supply solar lights for Home Depot with high quality and competitive price. Hope to cooperate with you!简单的一两句话点到重点,调起对方的胃口,让他反过来问各种问题,这样容易达到目的。
5、不要为炫耀英文水平而不简洁。外贸英语函电的精髓就是“简单、简单、再简单”。能用一个词表达的绝对不用两个词或短语,能用一句话写清楚的绝对不写两句!
6、不宜用异样的字体。很多人为了追求醒目,总喜欢用很夸张的字体、颜色、甚至放大、加粗、斜体等等,其实一眼看上去会让人很不舒服。欧美人一般比较常用的字体就是以下几种:Arial、Verdana、Calibri、Times new roman,有时用Tahoma字体的,但相对少一点。一部分台湾和香港客户会用PMingLiU字体。至于颜色,一般都是黑色或者蓝色。切忌在一封邮件里出现多种奇奇挂怪的颜色,像彩虹一样,让对方感觉不舒服。
7、主动语态不宜用得过多。老外在英文函电写作中很少会用“We”、“I”之类的人称。相反,大多会用被动语态。比如“我们明天会寄给你样品”。中国人喜欢表述为“We'll send you the samples tomorrow. ”这句话没错,语法正确、意思清楚。但是老外通常会这样写“Samples will be sent to you tomorrow.”用的是被动语态,人称也就没有了。
8、切忌问一些毫无意义的话。比如“Do you want our products?”如果对方说No,怎么回复?外贸函电尤其是开发信还是要直接一点,直接告诉对方你是谁,做什么,优势在那里。只要清楚表述出这三点就可以了。
9、慎用附件和图片及URL链接。附件和图片很容易被国外的服务器拦截的。所以,第一次联系对方的时候最好全文本,不要出现任何的图片和附件。
10、语气要委婉,不要过于生硬。“please,help,kindly,could,thank you,appreciate”这样的话在邮件来往中是很普遍的。除非你和对方已经非常熟了,偶尔客套一下即可,平常可以不用了。
三、外贸英语函电案例
假如写一封邮件告诉客户John,上次收到的样品已经寄给工厂了,但工厂说材料不是ABS,而是PP,需要价格他们重新核算,但近期内原材料涨价,希望贵方能尽快确认,以便我方采购原材料并安排生产。
Hi John,
Samples received and already passed to vendor. The material was PP,not ABS. Offer sheet is preparing and will be sent to you soon.
By the way,raw material increased these days,please make a decision quickly to go ahead after price confirmed. We'll arrange the mass production. Thanks and best regards.
上述函电几句话点到主题,简洁、清楚、准确。能用一句话表达的,不写两句,省掉一切能省的废话;表达方式尽量少用第一人称,多用了被动语态。这就是一封好的外贸英语函电。
主要参考文献:
[1]毅冰.外贸操作实务系列外贸高手客户成交技巧.中国海关出版社,.
[2]暴金玲.外贸英语函电.对外经济贸易大学出版社,.
Gentlemen: Sep. 1, 20_
We are sorry to report that in spite of our effort, we are unable to guarantee shipment by the agreed date due to a strike at our factory. We are afraid that your L/C will be expire before shipment. Therefore, please explain our situation to your customers and secure their consent to extend the L/C to .
Sincerely
培养目标::旨在通过基础理论知识教学和基本技能训练,培养既有较扎实的英语听、说、读、写、译的语言综合运用交际能力,又能熟练地应用经贸专业知识和技能,从事经贸和其他涉外企业事业的管理和实务工作的应用型、复合型人才,满足社会对高素质、专业性强外贸英语人才的需求。 核心课程::商务英语精读,商务英语视听说,英文应用写作、国际贸易实务、外贸函电、国际市场营销、外贸谈判、国际金融等。 实践教学:主要进行商务礼仪模拟情景实训及外贸流程仿真实训。并与校企合作企业进行真实育人环境训练。 就业领域::企事业单位涉外文秘和管理人员,国际贸易及进出口贸易从业人员、英语培训及相关翻译人员、商务谈判、商务助理等。确保就业率在95%以上。
referring to your letter of 5 june, we very much regret that we are unable to make you an offer for the goods you demand. the reason is that the product you need has been out of stock. what’s more our manufacturers have declined orders because of shortage of raw materials.
we shall, however, file your inquiry and cable you our offers as soon as we have got supplies.
我方收到贵公司6月5日来函,但非常遗憾,我方无法对贵方所需产品报盘。其原因是,此货品在我处已经脱销。而且,由于原料短缺,生产厂家已经拒绝了我方订单。我方已将贵方询函备案,一经有货,我方将以电报报盘。
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