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2023-03-18
2023-06-27
2023-07-05
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在执行上级党组织决定方面存在的问题及整改措施范文(通用6篇)
2023-06-15
询盘 并邀请访问
We had your enclosed drawings of 5 types of machines in your letter Feb. 2, 2000. Would you please inform us by return of the price, discounts, terms of payment and the time when you can deliver them. If your quotations are suitable and the quality proves good, we’ll be pleased to invite your representative over for detailed discussion.
我方收到贵方2000年2月2日函及随函所附有关5种机械的图纸。
请函报有关机械的价格、折扣、付款方式及最早的交货时间。
如果报价合理并能证明质量优秀，我方将邀请贵方的代表过来详谈。
如何索要产品目录
We get your name and address from your local Chamber of are an importer of plastic products and we would appreciate it if you would send us your catalogue in the new year.
我方从贵公司的商会获知你们的名称与地址。
本公司经营塑料制品的进口业务，希望能够得到贵公司明年的产品目录。
根据广告询价
Seeing your ad in“Family Life” we become interested in your silver wares of court styles. Please quote us for the supply of the items listed on the enclosed query form and give your prices . Shanghai. It would be appreciated if you include your earliest delivery date, terms of payment, and discounts for regular purchases.
我们看过贵公司登在《家庭生活》杂志上的广告，对你们的宫廷银器颇感兴趣。
请贵方按随函附表所列产品提供“.上海”报价，最好包括最快交货日期、付款条件及所能提供的定期购货折价。
承使馆推荐询价
We learn from the our Embassy that you are producing for export hand-made shoes and gloves in natural leather. There is a steady demand here for high-class goods of this type, especially in unique designs. Will you please send us your catalog, export prices and terms of payment, together with any samples you would like to let us examine.
从我国大使馆获悉贵公司制造并出口天然皮革材料的鞋类及手套。
我国有对此类高级产品稳定需求的市场，特别需要样式新颖的产品。请惠送贵公司的产品目录、出口价格、付款条件及所能提供的样品为荷。
按样品询价
We have a large demand for the supply of 50,000 meters brown serge, whose sample is enclosed to show you the shade and quality we require. Please send your samples corresponding to our samples with the most reasonable price . Singapore if you can supply within three months from now.
本公司需要5万公尺棕色斜纹布的大量供货。现随函附送我方所需货物的样品，以示其色调及品质。
若贵公司能在3个月内供货，请送供货样品，并提供新加坡港.最合理的报价。
按产品图片询盘
In your letter of December 3, 2000, we got your enclosed price list and catalogue, we found that one of your goods is to our satisfaction, so we are now post its picture back to you. Would you please inform us in detail its price, terms of payment and terms of shipment. We hope you would quote us the most reasonable price. As we have a large population here, if the goods are sold well, we are sure to place regular orders with you.
收到贵方2000年12月3日函及所附价目单和产品目录。我方看中其中的一种产品，现将其图片寄还。
请祥报该产品的价格、付款方式及装运条件。希望得到贵方最合理的报价。我国人口众多，如果销路好，我方一定会成为贵方的稳定订户。
称呼（salutation），正文（body of letter）、结束语（complimentary close）、署名（signature），
有时在书信后面还有附言（postscript）、附件（enclosure），这得视具体情况而定。下面将分别说明。
1. 信头（heading）
信头是指写信人的地址和写信日期，一般写在或打在第一面信纸的右上角，先写地址再写日期，地址的写法是从小到大，先写门牌号、路号，再写区名、市名、省名，最后写国名。时间的写法对英国人和美国人而言是不同的。英国人习惯按日、月、年的顺序写，
而美国人习惯按月、日、年的顺序写。例如：
英式：1st october，1999
美式：october 1，1999
在使用前一种形式时，月和年之间的逗号可用可不用，但是在后一种形式中，必需要使用逗号。
信头的写法有缩进式和齐头式。缩进式每行开头向右缩进一两个字母；齐头式左边对齐排列，如下所示：
缩进式
wang ming
dept. of chemical engineering
dalian university of technology
dalian 116023
liaoning province
p. r. china
齐头式
wang ming
dept. of chemical engineering
dalian university of technology
dalian 116023
liaoning province
p. r. china
2. 信内地址 （inside address）
信内地址要写出收信人的姓名和地址。一般给比较生疏的亲友的信和公事信件要写出信内地址，而熟悉朋友可以省去这一步骤。信内地址写出在日期下一两行的左上角，第一行写收信人的称呼姓名，然后写出地址。地质也是从小到大写出，分缩进式和齐头式两种。例如：
缩进式
the president
oxford university
england
齐头式
jiang bin
64heping road
3.称呼（salutation）
称呼是对收信人的称谓。在信内地址下一两行处顶格写起，自成一行。末尾用逗号或冒号。
（1）当给一位熟悉的人写信时可以用dear 或是my dear。在英国，my dear 比dear亲切，而在美国，dear比my dear 亲切。
（2）当给一位你不知婚否的女性写信时，可以用ms.……，这是指^v^……女士^v^。
（3）在给不熟悉的人写信时，可以用dear sir, dear madam, dear sirs, gentleman 等等。
4正文（body of letter）
正文是一封信的主体部分。通常在称呼的下一行写出。正文也可采用齐头式或缩进式的方法。齐头式是反映每段开头一行和后面行并齐。缩进式是指每段的第一行向右缩进几个字母。信笺讲究简洁、效率。开头几句简单地寒暄后就不如正题，在结尾处要有祝愿和敬语。
常用的开头语有：
i have received your letter of july ist. 7月1 日来信已经收悉。
i have the pleasure to tell you that …….很高兴告诉你……。
i am very much delighted to receive your letter. 非常高兴收到你的来信。
it is my honor to inform you that ……很荣幸告诉你……。
常用的结束套话有：
i am looking forward to hearing from you 盼早日回信。
wish best regards. 祝好。
thank you for your help 感谢你的帮助！
wish my best wishes for your success. 祝你成功。
wishing you a happy holiday. 祝假日愉快！
hoping to hear from you soon. 希望能尽快收到你的回信。
５结束语（complimentary close）
结束语在正文之后隔一两行的偏右方开始写出。开头字母用大写，以后的`字母用小写，最后一个词后面用逗句。
同意修改付款条件
Dear Sir or Madam:
We thank you for your letter dated 6 June and are pleased to acknowledge your order No. 463 of the same date for ceramic tiles.
The modified terms of payment you propose are quite acceptable and a telex has been dispatched to you to this effect.
All the items in your order can be supplied from stock and will be packed and shipped immediately upon the remittance by telegraphic transfer being received.
The following documents will be air mailed to you immediately after shipment is made:
1. Bill of lading in duplicate
2. Invoice, FOB Shanghai in triplicate
3. Guarantee of quality
We will, of course, notify you by telex as soon as your order is shipped.
You can rely on us to give prompt attention to this and any future orders you may place with us.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
就要求以承兑交单付款作答复
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for your request for a trial delivery of ceramic resistors but regret to say that we cannot agree to your proposal.
As an exception, the best we can do for the trial delivery is to offer you direct payment at sight terms.
If you accept our proposal, you run very little risk, since our brand products are well known for the quality, attractive design and reasonable price. Our lines sell very well all over the world and have done so for the last 30 years. We do not think you will have any difficulty in achieving a satisfactory performance with this item.
If you find our proposal acceptable, please let us know and we can then expedite the transaction.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
要求开立信用状
Dear Sir or Madam:
This is in regards to your order for 5,000widgets and our sales confirmation No. 341. We would like to remind you that the delivery date is approaching and we have not yet received the covering letter of credit.
We would be grateful if you would expedite the establishment of the L/C so that we can ship the order on time. In order to avoid any further delay, please make sure that the L/C instructions are in precise accordance with the terms of the contract.
We look forward to receiving your response at an early date.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
修改信用状
Dear Sir or Madam:
Your letter of credit issued by the Royal Bank of Canada has arrived.
Upon further examination, we have found that transshipment and partial shipment are not allowed.
As direct sailings to Portugal are infrequent, we have to transshipment may be necessary. With regard to partial shipment, it would speed matters up if we have in stock instead of waiting for the whole shipment to be completed.
With this in mind, I send you a letter today asking for the letter of credit to be amended to read “part shipment and transshipment allowed”.
I trust this amendment will meet your approval and you will send e-mail to us that effect without delay.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
延长信用状期限
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for your letter of credit covering your order for 10,000 widgets.
We regret to say that, owing to a delay on the part of our suppliers, we will not be able to get the shipment ready before the end of this month. We faxed you earlier today to that effect.
We expect that the consignment will be ready for shipment in the early part of August. We are arranging to ship it on the Great Wall-sailing from Shanghai on 7 August.
We are looking forward to receiving your faxed extension to the letter of credit so that we can effect shipment of the goods.
We send our sincere apologies for the delay and trust that it will not inconvenience you.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
请示提供信用资料
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for you interest in our products. We hope the samples we sent you on 5 February were up to your expectations.
We would like to sort out the credit formalities as soon as possible possible so that we can begin trading. Could you provide us that we can begin trading. Could you provide us with the requisite financial information so that we can open your new account immediately?
Please include a recent financial statement, the name of your bank and references,together with any other relevant credit details. The information you provide will, of course, be held in the strictest confidence.
We look forward to a long and prosperous relationship with your company.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
拒绝赊销
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for your order No. 6565 dated 1 July for 100widgets.
I regret to say that our records show that we do not have sufficient letter of credit. We can fulfill your order only upon the receipt of a confirmed, irrevocable letter of credit.
We are sorry for the delay and await your instructions.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
[摘要] 随着我国国际贸易的发展，各种涉外合同、协议、通知等英语商务信函日益增多。无论对个人还是企业来说，一封优秀得体的商务信函会给您的同事、供应商和客户留下良好的第一印象，有助于商务活动的成功进行。本文提出一个英语商务信函构思工具来辅助写信者对信函进行构思，把握住信函的内容和着重之处。并结合范例进行分析。
[关键词] 商务信函 构思 订货 确认订购
一、引言
英语作为国际通用的商务语言，对其沟通交流技巧的掌握程度逐渐成为体现企业文化和素质的前沿准绳。无论对个人还是企业来说，一封优秀得体的商务信函会给您的同事、供应商和客户留下良好的第一印象。随着全球经济一体化进程的不断发展，世界范围内的经济合作与交流也在不断增多。人们不可能跟自己的贸易伙伴一一亲自会面协商。而且我们常常需要将自己的贸易伙伴做出的各种承诺变成有籍可查的文字记录。这时商务信函就成了取代亲自拜会的一种便宜有效的沟通媒介。 我们给贸易伙伴的每一封信都代表着自己所在公司的形象，显示着公司的水平和实力。“一封好的商务信函有助于促进和发展同客户的关系，在促进达成新的业务方面起着积极的作用。”（摘自《丹尼尔·肯尼迪方法：推销信创造的奇迹》）
(1)商务公函的概念
商务公函是用来商洽工作、联系业务、询问和答复有关具体实际问题的一种公文。
(2)商务公函的结构及写作方法
公函是平行文。在写作时，一般包括四大部分:标题、行文对象、正文、落款。
①标题一般采用公文规范标题法，即标题由发函机关、事由、受函机关和文种组成。也有的只有事由和文种。
②行文对象是指公函受文者，写在事由之下的第一行左边，顶格，后面加冒号。
③正文是公函的内容即事项，是发函者要告诉对方的具体事情，由三部分组成，即发函因由，发函事项以及结语等，事项部分基本上是叙述和说明的方法，如有要求部分则要根据行文内容来安排，不可过多。结语多使用特此复函。
④落款。包括发函单位的名称和主要负责人的签名以及日期。
公司:
贵方有关保险事宜的6月25日来函知悉，特函告如下:
一、综合险。在没有得到我们顾客的明确指示的情况下，我们一般投保水渍险和战争险。如贵方愿投保综合险，我方可以稍高的保费代保此险。
二、破碎险。破碎险是一种特别保险，需收取额外保费。该险现行保险费率为2%，损失只赔超过5%的部分。
三、保险金额。我方注意到贵方欲为装运给贵方的货物按*金额另加10%投保，我方当照此办理。
我方希望上述答复将满足贵方的要求，并等候贵方的答复。
年月日
相关知识
公函由首部、正文和尾部三部分组成。其各部
要求按现金提货方式装运订货
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for your order dated 28 April for 40 widgets. We would like to arrange for immediate shipment. Unfortunately, we do not have sufficient credit information to offer you open account terms at this time. Would it be acceptable to ship this order cash on delivery?
If you wish to receive open account terms for your next order, please provide us with the standard financial statement and bank reference. This information will be held in the strictest confidence.
We look forward to hearing from you.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
延迟付款
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for your letter dated 24 March. We are very sorry to hear about your company’s current financial problems.
We have considered your request to delay payment of your outstanding balance of US$ until 1 May of this year. We are happy to tell you that we can agree to your proposal.
We must add, however, that this preferential treatment is being given only because of your current circumstances. It cannot be taken as a precedent for our future commercial relationship.
We wish you better times ahead.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
确认供货
Dear Sir or Madam:
As a result of our recent exchange of information, we have a strong interest to work with your proposal.
Please see the following terms and conditions as a confirmation of the start of our business relationship.
Product Name:
Spec. Number:
Quantity:
Price:
Packing:
Payment:
We hope that this first transaction will come to a successful conclusion for both of us. We look forward to continuing a mutually beneficial trade between our companies.
Yours faithfully,
Hillary
一、内容的清晰性
发送商务信函的目的在于建立商务往来关系，就某一细节进行商讨，努力达成共识，以便促进一项商务活动的开展。要达到这些目的，首先必须保证阅读者能够清楚了解写信人的意图，迂回或闪烁其辞的话语会让读信人产生不信任，甚至会怀疑对方的语言表达能力，对进一步开展商务活动很不利。模棱两可的话轻则阻碍读信人对信函意思的理解，重则会对发函方造成不必要的损失。例如: As to the steamers sailing from Hong Kong to San Francisco，we have bimonthly direct services. 此处bimonthly 有歧义，可以是twice a month 或者once two month.故读信人就迷惑了，可以改写为We have two direct sailings every month from Hong Kong to San Francisco.
翻译要保留原文的清晰度相当重要。由于在较为正式的场合中，为了将一概念定义完整和清楚，英文常常用关联词将几个短句并在一起形成一个长句，而中文无法照样只用一句话来翻译，即使这样译了也很难达到通顺和自然。这时，我们就采取将长句按特定的事情发展的顺序拆分成两个或两个以上的小句子的方式来翻译。必要时还要增加或省略一些词语，让整段文字结构更合理、内容更清楚。例如: The prices stated are based on current freight rates，any increase or decrease in freight rates at time of shipment is to be the benefit of the buyer，with the seller assuming the payment of all transportation charges to the point or place of delivery.例句中以一个介词with 来分界，译为“合同价格是以运费计算，装运时运费的增减均属买方。卖方则承担至交货地的全部运费”。在原文中with 分句是一个状语，翻译时采用中国人平铺直叙的思维方式，用分述的方式把这个句子拆成两句，清楚地表达了原文的语言信息。
是不是一封书信只要包含了全部关键信息就可以成为一封好的书信了呢? 拟信人还应注意语言组织的条理性，或按事情发展的先后顺序，或按各要素的重要性排序编写。东扯一句，西扯一句的写法必定会影响文章的清晰度。
二、表达的简洁性
简洁就是用最精炼的语言来表达意思，在商务信函中言简意赅就是为了方便高效率沟通与工作。能用一个字表达的不用一个词组，能一个词组讲清的事就不用讲成一句话。商务信函不用因顾及礼貌而开头就说“I hope you are well”( 近日可好?) ，天气也从不在此中提及。我们用“now”不用“at the same time”; 用“though”而不用“in spite of the fact that”……。形容词虽然可以表达友好、满意、歉意等感情，但只是在十分必要的情况下才出现。中国人在写英文信函时经常会出现一些不必要的重复，比如: “true facts”、“next time in the future”这样的词语读者能懂，但是会对这种不地道的说法嗤之以鼻。
中文就简洁这一点在很多情况下具有优势，商务信函中最能体现这一优势的是一些客套而必要的敬语，比如: “we are looking forward to your early reply”，翻译成中文就五个字: “盼早日回复”; “with all kind regards，I remain”，中文为“祝好”。像“regards”、“wishes”这一类词，都不用按照原意翻译，祝好的英文句子大多用中文的俗语代替。
三 、词语的专业性
1、信头（Heading）
指发信人的姓名（单位名称）、地址和日期，一般写在信纸的右上角。一般公函或商业信函的信纸上都印有单位或公司的名称、地址、电话号码等，因此就只需在信头下面的右边写上写信日期就可以了。
英文地址的写法与中文完全不同，地址的名称按从小到大的顺序：第一行写门牌号码和街名；第二行写县、市、省、州、邮编、国名；然后再写日期。标点符号一般在每一行的末尾都不用，但在每一行的之间，该用的还要用，例如在写日期的时候。
日期的写法，如1997年7月30日，英文为：July 30，1997（最为普遍）； July 30th，1997；30th July，1997等。1997不可写成97。
2、信内地址（Inside Address）
在一般的社交信中，信内收信人的地址通常省略，但是在公务信函中不能。将收信人的姓名、地址等写在信头日期下方的左角上，要求与对信头的要求一样，不必再写日期。
3、称呼（Salutation）
是写信人对收信人的称呼用语。位置在信内地址下方一、二行的'地方，从该行的顶格写起，在称呼后面一般用逗号（英国式），也可以用冒号（美国式）。
（1）写给亲人、亲戚和关系密切的朋友时，用Dear或My dear再加上表示亲属关系的称呼或直称其名（这里指名字，不是姓氏）。例如：My dear father，Dear Tom等。
（2）写给公务上的信函用Dear Madam，Dear Sir或Gentleman（Gentlemen）。注意：Dear纯属公务上往来的客气形式。Gentlemen总是以复数形式出现，前不加Dear，是Dear Sir的复数形式。
（3）写给收信人的信，也可用头衔、职位、职称、学位等再加姓氏或姓氏和名字。例如：Dear Prof. Tim Scales， Dear Smith。
4、正文（Body of the Letter）
位置在下面称呼语隔一行，是信的核心部分。因此要求正文层次分明、简单易懂。和中文信不同的是，正文中一般不用Hello！（你好！）
正文有缩进式和齐头式两种。每段书信第一行的第一个字母稍微向右缩进些，通常以五个字母为宜，每段第二行从左面顶格写起，这就是缩进式。
但美国人写信各段落往往不用缩进式，用齐头式，即每一行都从左面顶格写起。商务信件大都采用齐头式的写法。
5、结束语（Complimentary Close）
在正文下面的一、二行处，从信纸的中间偏右处开始，第一个词开头要大写，句末用逗号。不同的对象，结束语的写法也不同。
（1）写给家人、亲戚，用Your loving grandfather，Lovingly yours，Lovingly等；
（2）写给熟人、朋友，用Yours cordially，Yours affectionately等；
（3）写业务信函用Truely yours（Yours truely），Faithfully yours（Yours faithfully）等；
（4）对上级、长辈用Yours obediently（Obediently yours），Yours respectfully（Respectfully yours）等。
6、签名（Signature）
低于结束语一至二行，从信纸中间偏右的地方开始，在结束语的正下方，在签完名字的下面还要有用打字机打出的名字，以便识别。职务、职称可打在名字的下面。当然，写给亲朋好友的信，就不必再打了。
一封信写完了，突然又想起遗漏的事情，这时用.表示，再写上遗漏的话即可，要长话短说。通常在信末签名下面几行的左方，应于正文齐头。
注意：在正式的信函中，应避免使用附言。
8、附件（Enclosure）
信件如果有附件，可在信纸的左下角，注上Encl：或Enc：，例如：Encl：2 photos（内附两张照片）。如果福建附件不止一项，应写成Encl：或Encs。
我们有时可看到在称呼与正文之间有Re：或Subject：（事由）字样。一般在信纸的中间，也可与“称
呼”对齐。还应在底下加横线，以引起读信人的注意，使收信人便于在读信之前就可了解信中的主要内容。事由一般在公务信函中使用，也可以省略。
范文一
Dear Mr. Smith，
I am writing to convey my warm congratulations on your appointment to the Board of Asia Industries Ltd.
My colleagues and I are delighted that the years of service your have given to your company should at last have been rewarded in this way and we join in sending you our very best wishes for the future.
Yours sincerely
范文二
Dear Peter
How is it going
These days，I am really busy
the final exam is always get nervous befor the exam
.My parents want me to get better grades than now I have problem
learning you give me some advice?I think you can always come up with
I am looking forward to your letter.
yours，
****
范文三
Dear friend，
My name is Guo ’m 13 years old and I’m from can speak Chinese and a little English. I don't have brother and sister. On weekends，I like going to the movies with my like math at 's difficult，bue it'sfun!My favorite color is favorite season is 's your favorite season?
GuoJing
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一.要求代理商报价
We have read in China Daily that you are the exclusive agent for Hi-Fi Corporation of Africa and Asia. Would you please send us price-lists and catalogues of all the Hi-Fi wireless products and terms of payment. Please advise if you would grant special terms for an annual trade over 1 million . dollars. A visit of your representative would be appreciated. Perhaps he could bring the newest samples of the 999 hand phone, an item of growing interest here.
我方从《中国日报》上获知，贵公司为高保真公司在非洲和亚洲的独家代理商。
请惠送该公司所有无线通讯产品的目录、价目表及付款条件，并请告知，如果每年交易额达100万美元以上，是否可获得特别条件。
敬请贵方派代表来与我们洽谈，并携带最新999型手机样品，该产品在此地销路看好。
二.回复询盘，量大折价
We are pleased to receive your letter of 5 July and enclose our catalogue and price list. Also by separate post we are sending you the samples of our products. Our catalogue contains items and their specifications of our supplies. Through comparing our prices with those of other suppliers, you will appreciate the moderate prices of ours. For a total purchase of not less than 100,000 and not more than 200,000 American dollars, we would allow a discount of 10% and for a purchase larger than 200,000 American dollars, we would allow a 20% special discount.
很高兴收到贵公司7月5日来函。现寄上产品目录与价目表。同时另封寄去样品，请查收。
所寄产品目录包括本公司产品的品名、规格。与其他厂商的价格比较，我方的报价定会使贵方满意。
凡总定购量超过100,000美元但不足200,000美元者，我方将给予10%的折扣;凡总定购量超过200,000美元者，我方将给予20%的折扣。
三.询盘并邀请访问
We had your enclosed drawings of 5 types of machines in your letter Feb. 2, 2000. Would you please inform us by return of the price, discounts, terms of payment and the time when you can deliver them. If your quotations are suitable and the quality proves good, we’ll be pleased to invite your representative over for detailed discussion.
我方收到贵方2000年2月2日函及随函所附有关5种机械的图纸。
请函报有关机械的价格、折扣、付款方式及最早的交货时间。
如果报价合理并能证明质量优秀，我方将邀请贵方的代表过来详谈。
四.承使馆推荐询价
We learn from the our Embassy that you are producing for export hand-made shoes and gloves in natural leather. There is a steady demand here for high-class goods of this type, especially in unique designs. Will you please send us your catalog, export prices and terms of payment, together with any samples you would like to let us examine.
从我国大使馆获悉贵公司制造并出口天然皮革材料的鞋类及手套。
我国有对此类高级产品稳定需求的市场，特别需要样式新颖的产品。请惠送贵公司的产品目录、出口价格、付款条件及所能提供的样品为荷。
五.按产品图片询盘
In your letter of December 3, 2000, we got your enclosed price list and catalogue, we found that one of your goods is to our satisfaction, so we are now post its picture back to you. Would you please inform us in detail its price, terms of payment and terms of shipment. We hope you would quote us the most reasonable price. As we have a large population here, if the goods are sold well, we are sure to place regular orders with you.
收到贵方2000年12月3日函及所附价目单和产品目录。我方看中其中的一种产品，现将其图片寄还。
请祥报该产品的价格、付款方式及装运条件。希望得到贵方最合理的报价。我国人口众多，如果销路好，我方一定会成为贵方的稳定订户。
六.根据广告询价
Seeing your ad in“Family Life” we become interested in your silver wares of court styles. Please quote us for the supply of the items listed on the enclosed query form and give your prices . Shanghai. It would be appreciated if you include your earliest delivery date, terms of payment, and discounts for regular purchases.
我们看过贵公司登在《家庭生活》杂志上的广告，对你们的宫廷银器颇感兴趣。
请贵方按随函附表所列产品提供“.上海”报价，最好包括最快交货日期、付款条件及所能提供的定期购货折价。
We enclose our new catalogue and price list. The revised prices will apply from 1 April 1997. You will see that there have been number of changes in our product range. A number of improved models have been introduced. Out range of washing machines has been completely revamped. Many popular lines, however, have been retained unchanged. You will be aware that inflation is affecting industry as a whole .Ws have been affected like everyone else and some price increases havebeen unavoidable. We have not, however, increased our prices across the board, In many cases, there is a small price increase, but in others, none at all. We can assure you that the quality of our consumer durables has been maintained at a high standard and that our service will continueto be first class. We look forward to receiving your orders.
谨谢上新的商品目录和价格表。修订价格定于1997年4月1日起生效。产品系列有一大革新，增加了不少改良的型号，扒出一系列新款的洗衣机，但许多款的开动号仍保持不变。通货膨胀影响整个工业连带令货品价格上涨。虽然如此，本公司并未全面提升价格，调整幅度亦不大。 本公司坚守一贯信念，务求出产优质之耐用消费品，迎合顾客的需要。 谢谢贵公司多年惠顾，盼继续合作。
Gillette-burns Co. 322 Gleenwood street Gleveland 5,Ohio Glentlemen: Thank you for your order no,464 of 20 september. The models you selected from our showroom went out today under my personal package is being airfreghted to you on relevant documentation is enjoyed meeting yiu and hope that this order represents the beginning of a long and prospe rous relationship between oiur companies. The next time you visit us ,please let me know in advance so that I can arrange a luch for you with our derectors. Sincerely yours
谢谢9月20日第464号定单。今天我已新自监督发送您自展览室挑选的产品。该产品随附有关文件经瑞士航空公司运送。 很荣幸与你会面，衷心希望是次定单能加强双方的关系。下次到访前，烦请赐知，俾能安排与本公司董事共进午餐。
[摘要]商务英语写作能力是对外贸易活动中一项非常重要的能力，走访企业和问卷调查表明用人单位对商务英语专业毕业生的写作能力满意度并不高。从校企合作模式角度来探讨如何更好地培养商务英语专业人才，以期为高校商务英语专业人才培养提供一定的借鉴意义。
[关键词]商务英语写作能力;人才培养模式;问卷调查及走访
随着中国与世界各国的经济贸易往来日趋频繁，企业需要大量既掌握国际贸易商务知识与技能，又具有扎实的语言基本功和跨文化交际与沟通能力的复合型英语人才。商务英语写作能力则成为国际贸易企业相互沟通、促进业务开展、顺利达成交易、建立友好合作关系等贸易活动的重要桥梁。作为国际电子商务有效沟通的重要途径之一，商务英语写作能力在国际贸易中起着非常重要作用。明确、清晰、积极、有人情味、有说服力电子商务邮件和沟通是有效的润滑剂，能够帮助克服文化障碍，是英语核心能力之一。因此，商务英语写作能力对外贸从业人员尤为重要。笔者以南京市100家中对外贸易企业作为研究对象，通过问卷调查和企业走访，发现目前的用人单位对新进人才的商务英语写作能力满意度并不高，本研究试图从校企合作视角探讨商务英语写作能力培养的有效模式。
一、现状及其问题
商务英语写作能力包括一般贸易信函、贸易流程信函、商务社交信函、公司内部信函、及求职任职信函。[1]89参考目前的本科及高职院校的商务英语专业人才培养方案以及一些学者的研究[2]34-41[3]30-34，问卷精选了与目前高校开设的商务英语课程内容相关度极高的8种商务写作知识与技能，下表是用人单位对这8种商务英语写作知识与技能满意度的评价。表1企业对毕业生“商务写作知识与技能”的满意度(单位%)表1表明用人单位对商务英语专业从业人员的商务英语写作知识与能力的总体满意度不高，除了收发英文电子邮件以外，其他7种技能满意率都较低。写商务英语报告满意率为19%，不满意率为16%，不满意率为6%;写英文会议纪要的不满意率为16%;写商务备忘录不满意率为11%，准备并参加英文展会的满意率为29%，不满意率为6%。商务英语专业的人才的实践能力较差，除了能完成简单的收发电子邮件，其它商务英语写作能力有待在实践中提高。商务英语写作能力的培养目标是培养具有真实商务语境下的写作能力的人才，研究表明目前现有的高校英语专业的商务英语写作教材普遍存在教材的材料和任务真实性不高[1]90[4]156-158，与实际工作需求脱节问题[5]24-28。任务的真实性创造的语境合乎二语习得者的情趣，是可能想象的，能鼓励二语习得者使用交际策略，激发自然交际的需要，有用英语进行思维的生活需要，使二语习得者意识有一定的困难，但是有意义、有能力完成的[4]158。让学生直接从事商务交际活动的实务训练，能够弥补课堂教学的不足，有效地调动学生利用各种资源收集与课堂教学相关信息和资料。学生收集资料的过程本身就是学习真实语料的过程，能帮助培养学生的能力。这种目标明确的活动更容易激发学生的积极性，增强学生真实语境下商务英语写作能力。因此，从企业角度探讨商务英语写作能力的培养有非常重要的现实意义。本研究从校企共建实习基地、校企共建专业课程、校企共建教师队伍等三个方面探讨商务英语写作人才培养模式。
二、基于外贸公司的培养模式途径
1.校企合作共建实习基地。目前大多数院校采取的“2+1+1”的教学模式，把基础语言知识、专业技能、综合素质的三种能力要求结合起来。2年校内基础课程，1年校内专业方向课程，1年企业实习实训，课程教学遵循语言习得和能力培养规律，开展校企合作。学校需要在1年的专业课程方面刻苦钻研，通过系统课程设计，有效实施以“商务模拟实训室”和“虚拟职场情境体验室”等虚拟情景模拟教学，给学生创设包括电子邮件往来，备忘录等公司内部信函，社交场合信函，商务报告写作，参展布展等外贸函电写作的真实语境。除了与外贸企业签定实习基地以外，学校还可以建立自己的外贸公司，学生在完成专业基础上及时到企业实习，直接参与外贸经营活动，把商务英语写作的理论学习和定岗实习实训很好地结合起来，在实践中模拟最适合市场需求的商务英语写作人才培养模式，把课堂教学和实践有机结合。这些校内外实训、实习的工学结合、工学交替的综合性实训基地，为教、学、做一体化教学模式的实施提供了平台，充分满足了学生专业实训和顶岗实习的需要。依靠校企合作，充分利用企业资源，学习者可以获得基本的实践技能，加深对商务活动体验和理解，增强商务英语写作能力需求的内涵建构。
2.校企合作共建专业课程。教材研究发现目前市场上商务英语写作教材研究严重滞后于国际贸易真实情景、教材内容重合率高、覆盖体裁内容较窄、任务缺乏真实性、立体化建设不足、练习设计总量不足、形式单一，商务英语写作教材编写者缺乏真实商务语境的实践工作经验等问题[1]87，因此建设符合真实商务语境的商务英语写作教材尤为重要。基于问卷调查和企业走访，在外贸实践中最常见贸易流程信函包括:询盘回盘、报盘还盘、下单及确认、合同及其条款细则、付款、包装及唛头、装运、申诉及理赔、催款、函货代、保险、各类单证等。最常见的公司内部信函信函涵盖了备忘录、招聘、便条、通告、通知、会议纪要、日程安排等;外贸公司常用的商务社交信函包含感谢信、邀请信、祝贺信、慰问信、道歉信等。通过校企合作，邀请行业精英参与商讨商务英语写作课程教学安排，按照工学结合校企合作要求对商务英语写作专业课程内容进行调整，以适应培养商务英语专业人才培养目标。另外，基于我校扎根于南京、服务南京的发展战略，编写符合市场需求的商务英语写作教材，通过企业调查收集各类真实商务语境下相关商务信函案例，把学生实践过程中的商务英语写作的案例直接带回编写入教材，在现有教材的基础上调整商务英语写作教材编写内容及其布局，编写适应外贸实践的商务英语写作教材;另一面可以根据企业实践需求开设会展英语写作，国际商务谈判，商务报告写作等课程，把校企合作模式应用到实处，培养适应国际贸易需求的商务英语写作人才。
3.校企合作共建教师队伍。调查表明我国商务英语专业教师普遍缺乏相关企业的实践工作经验[1]90，实践教学时环节显得有点力不从心。校企合作模式下，高等学校的商务英语专业需要从多种渠道来提升培养商务英语写作教师的专业技能，为学生提供最优质的商务英语写作能力提高的课程模式。通过市场调研了解外贸企业对商务英语写作人才需求，制定“双师”型商务英语写作教师培训规划，定期组织教师去实训基地接受专业技能培训，派遣商务英语写作教师和学生参加一年一度的广交会及各类型的外贸行业参会，从实践中掌握外贸函电写作专业技能，了解外贸岗位需求和商务英语专业发展的最新动态。可聘请外贸企业专家和成功公司经理等具有丰富的外贸知识和经验的专家定期到学校为商务英语写作专业教师进行实训知识培训，培养优秀的“双师”商务英语写作教师。此外，聘请外贸公司经理到高校里做兼职教师，讲授商务英语写作课程，或与校内教师共同教授商务英语写作课程的实践教学环节。校企同上一门课程，校内专任教师可以为企业老师准备相关教学常规资料，确实减轻企业兼职教师准备繁杂教学资料的压力，企业教师可以为专任教师提供企业一线经验，这样校企老师相互学习，从而提高教学效果。[6]95-97要大力引进会以英语授课、有多年商场经验的人士或者获得国外商科学位的教师。提倡教师的自我终身教育，这是切实提高我国商务英语师资整体素质、学科专业发展的必然要求。有目的、有组织、有计划地加强在职专业师资的培训和转型，改善教师的专业结构，适应专业教学需要。
三、结语
商务英语专业人才的培养必须紧密联系国际贸易市场需求，目前我国商务英语专业人才远不能适应经济社会发展的要求，商务英语教学不容乐观。究其根本原因是商务英语专业人才培养与市场需求脱节。因此，如何提高商务英语专业的教学，有效性地培养市场所需的语言基础扎实，知识面宽广、实践能力强的商务英语应用型人才是目前我国高校亟待解决的问题。商务英语写作能力是国际贸易从业人员的核心能力，校企合作模式依据所面向的企业能力要求对学生进行定向式的设计，使培养的人才达到企业需求。高校根据地方对外贸易企业的发展需求，结合学校自身办学条件和商务英语专业的具体实际，不断探索和创新合作教育的模式和方法，调整商务英语写作教学模式，在实践中最大限度的提高商务英语写作教学效果，探索适应地方外贸企业和市场需求的商务英语专业人才培养模式。
【参考文献】
[1]章凤花.20xx-20_国内商务英语写作教材建设及研究现状思考[J].云南农业大学学报(社会科学)，20xx(1).
[2]王艳艳，王光林，郑丽娜.商务英语专业人才需求和培养模式调查与启示[J].外语界，20xx(2).
[3]严明.基于题材的商务英语话语能力构建研究———黑龙江大学商务英语专业人才培养模式探索[J].当代外语研究，20xx(4).
[4]章凤花.Krashen二语习得理论框架下的商务英语写作教材现状[J].河北联合大学学报(社会科学版)，20xx(3).
[5]王兴孙.对国际商务英语学科发展的探讨[J].国际商务研究，1997(1).
[6]卢艳华.师范院校商务英语专业师资建设的策略研究[J].黑龙江高教研究，20xx(5).
Dear Sir,
We acknowledge with thanks the receipt of your quotation dated Feb. 3rd and noted the total $200,000 CIF Shanghai. We agree to this price, and would ask you to accept this order-letter as our official order.
Please ship at the first available opportunity. The payment is being made by the Irrevocable L/C in your favor. We should appreciate it if you arrange our order at an early date.
We look forward to your reply as soon as possible.
Yours faithfully,
Tom
下单英文范文【范文】
敬启者：
我们对于贵方二月三日发来的标有总价二十万美元CIF上海的报价表示感 谢。我方接受这个价格，并且希望贵公司接受这份订单——这也是我们的正式 订单。
请在第一时间装运。我们将幵立以贵方为受益人的不可撤销信用证来支付 货款。若贵方尽早处理我方订单，我方将不胜感激。
期盼早日回函。
您忠实的
Tom
关于下单英文范文写作提示：
在撰写商务文书时，要注意以下短语的用法：
one’s expense /at one’s cost 归某人付费(或负担)
In case you wish us to insure the shipment at your expense, we shall be glad to do so.
(如你方愿意我方为该货保险，由你方付费，那么我们乐意照办。)
the expense of (at the cost of)以......为牺牲，在损害......的情况下
The competitiveness of our prices is made possible by our mass production and cost control and not at the expense of quality.
(我们的价格之所以具有竞争力，是由于大批量生产和控制成本，而不是牺牲或 降低质量。)
It is wrong to aim at sheer quantity at the cost of quality.
(片面地追求数量而忽视质量是错误的。)
外贸行业竞争激烈，如果能熟练掌握外贸英语无疑会增强自身的竞争力!今天就从实用的外贸英语函电学起吧!
怎样建立贸易关系呢?
Dear Sirs,
We have obtained your address from the Commercial Counsellor of your Embassy in London and are now writing you for the establishment of business relations. We are very well connected with all the major dealers here of light industrial products, and feel sure we can sell large quantities of Chinese goods if we get your offers at competitive prices. As to our standing, we are permitted to mention the Bank of England, London, as a reference.
Please let us have all necessary information regarding your products for export.
Yours faithfully
xx市兴达贸易有限公司：
贵公司20xx年x月x日函收悉。函中所诉20xx年x月x日《购买电脑桌合同》中，所收的35套黄花牌电脑桌部分出现接口破裂一事，深表歉意，此事已引起我方高度重视，现已就此事进行调查。
经有关邵门查实：我厂生产的xxxx型黄花牌电脑桌，出厂时，经质检部门检验全部为优质产品。函中所提的部分电脑桌出现接口破裂，是由于我方工人在出仓时搬运不懊造成的。衬贵公司的损失，我公司再次深表歉意，并请贵公司尽快提供电脑桌受损的详细数字及破损程度，以及公证人证明和检验证明书，我介司将以最快的速度按实际损失给予无条件赔偿。对此，我们将引以为戒，查找工作中存在的问题和不足，制仃改正措施杜绝此类事件的发生。希望能够得到责公司谅解，继续保持良好的贸易往来关系。
写信人：
日期：
I would like to confirm our appointment to discuss the possibility of merging our distribution networks. I am excited of the prospect ofexpanding our trade. As agreed, We will meet of our office in bond street at Monday 20 March. I have scheduled the whole day for the meeting. If for any reason you are unable to attend , please phone me so that we can make alternative arrangements. Please let me know if you would like our office to arrange hotel accommodation. I look forward with great pleasure to our meeting.
Dear Mr. / Ms.,
This is to introduce Mr. Frank Jones, our new marketing specialist who will be in London from April 5 to mid April on business.
We shall appreciate any help you can give Mr. Jones and will always be happy to reciprocate.
Yours faithfully
尊敬的'先生/小姐，
现向您推荐我们的市场专家弗兰克·琼斯先生。他将因公务在四月15日到四月中旬期间停留伦敦。
我们将非常感谢您向琼斯先生提供的任何帮助，并非常高兴施以回报。
您诚挚的
外贸函电的规范与否直接影响到客户对公司的印象，对于外贸人员来说，每天写外贸函电，回复函电。你的函电是否规范呢? 把直接的函电于下文对照看看。。。
说明涨价原因
Dear Sir or Madam:
Enclosed is our new price list which will come into effect the end of this month. You will see that we have increased our prices on most models. We have, however, refrained from doing so on some models of which we hold large stocks. The explanation for our increased prices stems from the fact that we are now paying 10% more for our raw materials than we were paying last year, along with some of our subcontractors having raised their prices as much as 15%.
As you know, we take great pride in our product an dare proud of the reputation for quality and dependability we have built over 15years. We will not compromise that reputation because of raising costs. We have, therefore, decided to raise the price of some of our products.
We hope you will understand our position and look forward to your cooperation.
With best regards,
Hillary
说服买家涨价之前下单
Dear Sir or Madam:
This is regarding our quotation dated 2 November, and our mail offer dated 8 November concerning the supply of widgets(小机具).We are prepared to keep our offer open until the end of this month.
For your information, the market is firm and growing. There is very little likelihood of any significant change in the visible future. As this product is in great demand and the supply is limited, to secure your order, we would recommend that you accept this offer without delay.
Yours sincerely,
Hillary
对价格作出让步
Dear Sir or Madam:
Thank you for your mail. We are disappointed to hear that our price for your required produ
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