2023-07-05
2023-07-05
2023-06-18
2023-06-29
2023-03-19
更新时间：2024-02-25 14:21:32 发布时间：24小时内 作者：文/会员上传 下载docx
2023-07-05
2023-07-05
2023-06-18
2023-06-29
2023-03-19
Dear Sir or Madam:
We are one of the largest importers of light industrial products in this city and have been handling various kinds of products for about 10 years. We are writing you today in the hope of establishing business relations and expect, by our joint efforts, to enlarge our business scope.
In order to acquaint you with our business lines, we enclose a copy of our illustrated catalogue covering the main items at present. If you are interested in any of the items, please tell us by fax. We’ll give you our lowest quotations and try our best to comply with your requirements.
Our customers are always satisfied with our products. We believe that you will be, too, after we do business together.
Our banker is Bank of China. They can provide you with information about our business and financing.
We are looking forward to your early reply.
Yours truly,
Dear Sirs: May 1, 20_
Inquiries regarding our new product, the Deer Mountain Bike, have been coming in from all parts of the world. Reports from users confirm what we knew before it was put on the market - that it is the best mountain bike available. Enclosed is our brochure.
Yours faithfully
subject:
dearsirs，
yourinvoiceno。1223forus$80，。mostunfortunately，。，。。
asyouknow，。ihope，however，。。
yoursfaithfully，
xxxx
主题：要求延期付款
亲爱的先生：
贵方7月20日所供第1223号发票项下货物之款项80000美元定于本月底结付。非常不幸，上星期我方仓库发生火灾，毁坏了一部分贵重货物。我们现在正向保险公司提出索赔，但在三四个星期之内，不可能会给予赔偿。在此之前，我方财务形势严峻，故此我们写信请求贵方同意我们推迟到9月底付款。
贵方知道我们一向能迅速与贵方结帐。这次我们被迫向贵方提出这个要求，实在抱歉。我们希望贵方能同意这个要求。若是如此，我们将永远记住贵方给予的帮助。
Business English communication is a professional skill course of international trade. English, as a means of communication in business activities, also represents the most extensive application of business English knowledge by graduates in their work. After one semester of study, I have basically ed the basic knowledge of International Business English communication, skillfully used various language methods and formats of foreign trade messages, and correctly used professional terms From the establishment of business relations, credit investigation, on-site, offer, counter-offer, order, payment and other aspects, the production of foreign trade documents such as letters of credit, invoices, bills of lading and other trade links in transportation, insurance, claims, settlement, etc., including the confirmation, agreement and contract signed with China's accession to the world trade organization The continuous development of the social needs of practitioners creates good jobs for the vast number of job seekers to trade commodities between different countries and regions.
Because both sides of the transaction belong to different countries or regions, it is more complicated and difficult to engage in such business activities than in China, so it is more challenging, which requires business personnel to have solid basic knowledge and high level of operation Ability, in modern international business activities, proficient in the use of foreign trade English and business English alphabet knowledge, the whole class will learn a complete comprehensive practice homework content.
中文翻译：
商务英语交际是一门专业的国际贸易门职业技能课，英语作为商务活动的交流手段也代表着毕业生在工作中最广泛地应用商务英语知识一个学期的学习后，我已基本掌握了国际商务英语交流的基本知识，熟练运用外贸电文的各种语言方法和格式，正确使用专业术语，从建立业务关系、征信、现场、报盘、还价、订单、付款等方面入手，运输、保险、索赔、结算等贸易环节的信用证、、提单等对外贸易单证的生产，还包括与中国加入世界贸易组织所订立的确认书、协议、合同等，随着越来越多的企业进入国际市场，外贸从业者社会需求不断发展，这为广大求职者创造了良好的就业岗位，在不同的和地区之间进行商品交易，由于交易双方属于不同的或地区，因此从事此类商务活动比国内复杂，难度大，因而更具挑战性，这就要求商务人员具备扎实的基础知识和高度的作能力，在现代国际商务活动中，熟练运用外贸英语和商务英语字母知识全班将学习一个完整的综合实践作业的内容。
标签：
一、高职英语写作教学现状
（一）公共英语实训教学资源不足
高职学生普遍英语高考成绩不佳，欠缺学习信心和兴趣。非英语专业一般开设3学期英语课，每周4或6学时，每学期不仅要完成规定教学任务，还要抽出一定的课时辅导PRETCO。加之合班教学，师生互动受到限制，学生英语写作实训和考核机会屈指可数。此外，受PRETCO写作题型的引导，学生只会写通知、感谢信、备忘录、邀请函等带有汉译英性质的简单应用文，而忽视工作岗位上常用的图表解读和英文演示训练。即使学校有统一组织的英语技能第二课堂，也只能让不及1%的学生有机会进行英语口语或写作的系统实践，不能实现对学生整体英语活用技能的提升。
（二）英语专业教学职业特色不强
高职英语专业任课教师习惯于沿用自己所经历过的本科式教学模式，即强化听、说、读、写、译等综合语言知识的灌输，只是少了英美文学、语言学和文化学等课程学习。这样的“压缩”只会使高职英语专业沦为缺乏内涵建设的低端程式化培养，以英语写作为代表的语言实用输出技能与社会脱节，致使学生的市场竞争力不容乐观。深圳职业技术学院徐小贞教授曾指出：“英语专业的职业属性是职业教育作为一种主流教育生存与发展最为本质的基础，高职教育应该有和本科教育根本区别的职业特色。”高职英语专业学生的出路在于职业导向性和渗透性，即以英语为载体从事商务、旅游、管理等一线服务的岗位胜任力。
二、基于大赛的高职英语写作教学设计方案
（一）关注就业市场
在大赛的示范性引领下，高职教师应意识到学生毕业后用到英语的职场情景。对于工科生，英语写作不仅限于日常沟通，还体现在根据英文指南对进口设备安全安装和操作，理解简单的英文工程数据图表，并将其转换为工作报告，教师要有选择地为学生创设环境，训练上述能力。对于文科生，除了用英语做好金融或秘书类事宜，还要通过交流推动公司内部、公司之间的和谐发展，例如企划方案、外贸文本、人事财务等信息的准确传递和归档能力都是要通过在校期间的训练获得的。无论针对任何专业，高职英语教师都要将语言教学与学生就业方向紧密关联，以项目驱动进行课堂活动，促进教育与产业对接。
（二）把握学情特点
高职学生缺乏主动学习耐力和自我约束力，而提高英语写作能力是靠此二力合力实现的。学生耐力不足是因为英语基础不牢，潜意识回避自己不擅长的任务；约束力弱源于高中学习成绩不佳、动力不足所养成的被动行动习惯。教师不要将学生视为“后进生”，还要尽量让他们体会英语写作的快乐。纠错法是逆向思维的启发式教学方法。教师要走下“权威”的神坛，从教学生学“对的”，到领学生改“错的”，通过不记名分享学生具有代表性的写作错误，加深其对知识点的印象，由母语负迁移转向正迁移，提高学习效率，规范学习效果。
（三）重视人文合作
高职教学强调学生主体、教师主导，因此教师应给与学生充分的思考和行动机会来参与教学。在有限的时间、场地和实训设备条件下，英语写作教师要将学生分为若干小组，弱化理论灌输，在演习范例后，布置与授课班级专业对口的工作任务，增强同学间的讨论合作，并及时让学生通过公众演示分享写作内容，教师立即对任务完成的闪光
点和易错点做出鼓励式点评，促进全体学生积极参与，也为学生构建开放、公平、互助的情商教育空间。（四）整合信息加工
英语写作属语言输出范畴，有效输出的前提是大量的输入储备。有些学生质疑的自己语感，但语感并非与生俱来的。加拿大语言学家Bialystok把二语习得过程中的语言知识分为显性和隐性两类。隐性的就是“语感”，它靠语音、词汇、语法等显性知识积累内化而成。适度的雅思、专八和新概念范文背诵是辅导大赛以及设计课堂任务的必要环节。此内容依托的教学过程还要把握趣味性，做到主题、课文、话题、线索、任务和过渡高度统一。
（五）启发逻辑建构
为了节约时间成本，学生英文写作训练过程也应改进。通过小组教学，无论是组内还是组间，同学们都要遵守构思、提纲、起草、校订、评价、修改和存档的建构式步骤，切忌拿来题目直接提笔的盲目行为。教师不必一一批改，要抓典型、扩思维，鼓励头脑风暴、学生互评。当学生适应越来越快的节奏后，介入写长法，让学生在有限时间内尽可能完成长篇幅札记，通过贴近生活的选材培养英文写作情感，以此锻炼独立思考能力和自主写作耐性。
（六）形成档案管理
传统教学实践中，教师常采用逐篇批改学生作文的终结性评价方式。一方面，工作繁重，不能面面俱到；另一方面，束缚学生主体性和创造性，不能全方位评判能力。档案管理属于形成性评价，教师可结合大赛题型设计教学内容，用现代信息技术记载和统筹自评、互评、师评细节。这一过程本身就是一种良好的工作习惯，它有助于端正学习目标、监测学习轨迹、改善学习态度，并能实时记录对口行业的英文写作案例分析和仿真实验情况。
综上所述，大赛不仅为高职英语写作教学设计提供了指引方向，也为教学改革带来了契机。大赛令指导教师在比较中反思辅导选手和日常授课的异同点，意识到参赛的目的绝非只是为学校争取荣誉，让师生收获阅历，提高尖子生英文写作能力。其深层内涵是解放思想，用更具前瞻性、国际化的目光面对各种各样的职场情境，帮助更多学生在观念上、素质上和知识技能储备上更接近现代优质的职场人，为社会各界输送更多职业核心能力均衡发展的高职毕业生，从而推动整个国家经济文化建设进程。
As your sole agent, we have many advantages. We have enough lobbying ability to be your sole agent. We have enough positive experience.
As your sole agent, we believe that our experience in foreign trade marketing will qualify us for your trust. We believe that our years of experience in international trade will undoubtedly meet your requirements.
中文翻译：
作为你方的独家代理我们有很多优势我们有足够的游说能力做你方的独家代理我们有足够的积极经验作为你方的独家代理我们相信我们在外贸营销方面的经验将使我们有资格得到你方的信任我们相信我们多年的经验国际贸易无疑会满足你方的要求。
Hello, my name Is ____, It Is really a great honor to have thIs opportunIty for a IntervIew, I would lIke to answer whatever you may raIse, and I hope I can make a good performance today, eventually enroll In thIs prestIgIous unIversIty In september. now I wIll Introduce myself brIefly,I am __ years old,born In____ provInce and I am curruently a senIor student at major Is ____.
And I wIll receIve my bachelor degree after my graduatIon In the past _ years,I spend most of my tIme on study,I have passed CET4/6 wIth a ease. and I have acquIred basIc knowledge of ________both In theory and In practIce.
BesIdes, I have attend several ___hold In ____, thIs Is our advantage study here, I have taken a tour to some bIg factory and company. through these I have a deeply understandIng of domestIc ____Industry.
Compared to developed countrIes such as us, unfortunately, although we have made e_traordInary progress sInce ___,our ____Industry are stIll underdeveloped, mess, unstable, the sItuatIon of employees In thIs fIeld are awkard. but I have full confIdence In a brIght future If only our economy can keep the growth pace stIll.
I guess you maybe Interested In the reason Itch to law, and what Is my plan durIng graduate study lIfe, I would lIke to tell you that ___ Is one of my lIfelong goal,I lIke my major ____and I wont gIve up,If I can pursue my master degree here I wIll combIne law wIth my former educatIon.
I am able to work under great pressure. Thanks for the chance.
Kiddie Korner，Inc. March 2nd，20_ Datex Trading Co. Ltd. Lianfang building 666 Huayuan Avenue Dalian，Liaoning China
Dear Sir or Madam，
We were impressed by the selection of sweaters that were displayed on your stand at the Menswear Exhibition that was held in Chicago last month.
We are a large chain of retailers and looking for a manufacturer who could supplyus with a wide range of sweaters for the teenage market.
As we usually place very large orders，we would expect a quantity discount in addition to a 20% trade discount off net list prices，and our terms of payment are normally 30 days bill of exchange，documents against payment.
If these conditions interest you，and you can meet orders of over 1000 garments at one time，please send us your current catalogue and hope to hear from you soon.
Yours faithfully，
Fred Johns
China Trade Manager
云县农村信用合作联社信用社：
借款申请人基本情况：云县xx乡教师，男，身体健康，身份证号码：，现年40岁，共同申请人，身体健康，身份证号码：，现年34岁，家庭主要从事教育行业，经家庭会议决定，同意向云县农村信用合作联社桥街信用社借款元，大写(拾万元整)，用于购房，并共同承担一切经济责任。
借款事由及现实经济状况：借款人，全家人口3人，劳动力2人，从事教育，现因在家中发展需要，自有资金不足，提出向信用社申请借款元，大写(拾万元整)，借款期限三年。即20xx年6月份至20xx年6月份止。借款人家庭主要财产及年收入情况：房屋状况：面积平方米、价值元，家庭主要从事教育行业年收入合计元，第一还款主要是工资收入，现在其它行社无负债。
担保人情况：该借款由xx乡教师，男，身体健康，身份证号码：，现年56岁，共同担保人(配偶)，身体健康，身份证号码：，现年53岁，主要从事教师行业，并经全体家庭成员同意，自愿承担连带清偿责任。还款承诺：本人坚决按信用社的规章制度办事，按季结息，认真履行合同条款，按合同所写事实用款，借款到期保证足额归还借款本息，请信用社给予支持借款元，用于购房。
借款人：
共同借款人：
201x年6月1日
Foreign language: Foreign Language: foreign language, foreign language, foreign capital, foreign investment, foreign policy, foreign affairs, foreign currency, foreign direct investment, foreign minister of foreign affairs, foreign traders, foreign students, foreign enterprises, foreign aid, foreign markets, foreign culture and foreign trade: they have lived under foreign domination for many years. Our foreign policy is inclined to the third world. Everyone is working hard On behalf of the foreign minister, he changed his car to be made in foreign countries.
Learning from foreign countries is totally different from worshiping all foreign countries.
中文翻译：
外国语：外国语：外国语外国语外国资本外国投资外交政策外交事务外国货币外国直接投资外交部长外交部外国贸易商外国学生外国企业外国援助外国市场外国文化对外贸易部：他们在外国统治下生活了很多年我们的外交政策向第三世界倾斜每个人都在努力工作他将代表外交部长他把车换成外国制造向外国学习完全不同于崇拜一切外国。
With China's accession to the world trade organization, all kinds of business exchanges between countries are becoming more and more frequent, which is not very familiar to me. Although I have worked part-time in foreign trade, due to the limited contact time, there is no work in practice and professionals who have a deep understanding of Japan think that it will be the best foreign trade training to take part in related work, whether on the suce or in knowledge and knowledge Communication skills can be improved, another foreign trade from their own point of view is relatively long, I hope you can give this opportunity, I will try my best to do my job well, and finally wish your company success.
中文翻译：
随着中国加入世界贸易组织，各国之间的各种商业往来日益频繁，对我来说也不是很熟悉，虽然对外贸易做过兼职，但由于接触时间有限，在实践中并没有工作和深入了解日本的专业人士认为可以参加与之相关的工作将是最好的外贸培训无论是表面的还是在知识和沟通能力上都能得到提高另一个外贸从自己的角度来说是比较长的，希望你能给这个机会，我会的尽其所能做好本职工作，最后祝贵公司蒸蒸日上。
INDIGO CMPANY LIMITED
85 Victory Street, Manila
The Philippiness
Tel： 63-2-68000 Fax： 63-2-580001
13 June 200#
Mr. Li Mingyang
Export Manager
Unitech M & T Co. Ltd
963 Tianmu Road, 14th Floor
Shanghai 20_70
China
Dear Mr. Li：
Our order ： 50 Electric Drills
As it is now more than two months since we opened a letter of credit in your favor, We should like to know exactly when you could arrange shipment of the goods. Your prompt response will be highly appreciated.
Sincerely.
Marco Fillmore
Managing Director
同意进口商的还价
Dear Sirs:
Thank you for your letter of June the 8th. We have accepted your offer on the terms suggested. Enclosed our will find a special price list that we believe will meet your ideas of prices. You should note that the recent advances in raw materials have affected the cost of this product unfavorably. However, for your order we have kept our prices down.
To Sincerely
拒绝进口商的还价
Dear Sirs:
Thank you for your letter of June the 8th. We regret that we cannot meet your must point out that the falling market here leaves us little or no margin of profit. We must
ask you for a keener price in respect to future orders. At present the best discount offered for a quantity of 200 is 5%. Our current situation leaves us little room to bargain.
We hope you will reconsider the offer.
Truly
正式提出订单
Dear Sir:
We have discussed your offer of 5% and accept it on the terms quoted. We are prepared to give your product a trial, provided you can guarantee delivery on or before the 20th of September. The enclosed order is given strictly on this condition.
We reserve the right of refusal of delivery and/or cancellation of the order after this date.
Truly
确认订单
Dear Sir:
Thank you very much for your order of June 15 for 200 Deer Mountain Bikes. We will make every possible effort to speed up delivery. We will advise you of the date of dispatch. We are at your service at all times.
Sincerely
Dear Jacques,
Lightweight batteries
I am writing to you because we have been having a bit of trouble with one of our suppliers who makes the lightweight batteries we use to power our vehicles. I am pretty sure you don’t have a local distributor of your products in this country, which I am writing to you direct to see if you can help us out. I did try to call, but you weren’t available
We require 4,800 units and delivery must be completely by 15 January, 20. A full specification of our requirements is given on the attached sheet, together with our technical brochure.
I would appreciate it if you could quote us your best CIF price, giving a full specification of your product and shipping date. Of course our technical department would need nto have some samples of the batteries to test in our laboratories before we would place a firm order.
Dear Sirs: , 20_
We received your promotional letter and brochure today. We believe that your would do well here in the . Kindly send us further details of your prices and terms of sale. We ask you to make every effort to quote at competitive prices in order to secure our business. We look forward to hearing from you soon..
Truly
取消订货
Dear Sirs: Oct. 2, 20xx
We are sorry that causes completely beyond your control have made it impossible for you to keep the shipment date of Sept. 30. Since you have failed to uphold your end of the agreement, we find it necessary to cancel our order. Unfortunately, our
buyers cannot wait indefinitely for the units. We are sorry that it is necessary to take such a drastic step.
谅解迟运原因
Gentlemen: Oct. 2, 20xx
We have received of your notice of delay of shipment due to mechanical troubles on the ship. We are pleased that the order is now on its way. Thank you for the notice. We are eagerly awaiting the ship's arrival.
Yours faithfully
货物损坏报告
Dear Sirs: Oct. 4, 20xx
Upon arrival of your shipment, the ship's agents noticed that case No. 5 was maged and notified us. The number of articles in the case is correct according to the invoice, but the following articles are broken: (List of articles) As you will see in our survey report and of the ship's agents', that these units are damaged and quite unsaleable.
Please send us replacements for the broken articles; we await your reply in due course.
Sincerely
拒绝承担损坏责任
Dear Sirs: Oct. 8, 20xx
Thank you for informing us of the damaged shipment. Since the units were packed with the best of care, we can only assume that the cases were handled roughly. We therefore urge you to lodge your claim with the insurance company.
Sincerely
承担赔偿责任
Gentlemen: Oct. 8, 20xx
As soon as we got your letter we got in touch with the packers and asked them to look into the matter. It appears that the fault lies with the packaging materials used. We have since corrected the mistake. We apologize for the oversight, and are sending a new delivery immediately.
Sincerely
催要逾期货款
Dear Sirs: Nov. 30, 20xx
It has come to our attention that your payment is one month overdue. The units ordered were delivered to you on September 26 and were invoiced on September 30. Payment is due on October 30. We look forward to seeing your remittance within a
week.
Sincerely
Toxue_com
付清逾期货款
Dear Sirs: Oct. 3, 20xx
We have looked into the cause of the delay in payment and have found that our accounting department made an oversight in making your remittance. We are sorry for the inconvenience. The sum of US$ 20,000 has been sent to you by Telegraphic Transfer and should reach you sometime tomorrow.
Sincerely
转星移斗，时间过得真快，不知不觉中新学期又悄然而至，在新学期中秘书处根据本学期工作要点，结合院学会工作实际，特定计划如下:
总的指导思想:以院团委指，坚持不懈地培养各方面能力，虚心听取才老师和同学们的建议，努力把工作做得更好。
一、 认真完成本职工作
主要职能:
1. 负责学生会的文件制作，管理和各部门会议记录的收信整理、归档。
2. 负责起草制定学生会的有关文件。
3. 负责掌握各系学生会的活动资料。
4. 负责 “优秀学生会”的评比、监督及检查工作。
5. 负责《学生快讯》的制作各传递工作。
6. 负责各部门之间的协调工作，发挥好桥梁纽带作用，使各部门之间建立良好的工作群体，方便工作顺利进行。
由于院学生会各部门分工不分家，所以我们除了做好本职工作外，在其它部门组织活动时给予大力配合。各部门在活动前的计划和活动后的总结应整理好后交予秘书处，由秘书处正确摆放在团委书架的相关档案盒中。以便团委各位教育和各部门其他人员参阅。
二、 开展丰富多彩的校园活动
新疆三大产业对新疆人均生产总值的影响的实证分析
一、 问题的提出
建国以来，新疆经济快速增长，1952年新疆为166元，195
年就翻了一番，尤其是改革开放以后，经济更是有了突飞猛进的发展，20xx年新疆人均生产水平是改革开放前的30倍。然而即使新疆的经济快速增长，跟全国大部地区相比，还相对落后，增加新疆人均生产总值，提高人民生活水平，变得越来越刻不容缓，三大产业是构成新疆生产总值的全部，因此研究三大产业对新疆人均生产总值的影响有着重要的意义，然而它们是如何影响新疆生产总值的呢?本文用对收集数据进行分析。如果研究它们对新疆生产总值的影响机制，那么就可根据结果对新疆的三大产业的改革提出意见。这便是本项研究的主要目的。
二、 模型的设定
研究三大产业与新疆人均生产总值的关系，需要考虑以下几个方方面：
(1) 数据性质的选择
由于研究的是一个地区的人均生产总值，人均生产总值的差异是根据每个年度三大产业的量不同而不同，因此需采用时间序列数据。
(2) 模型形式的设计
由于本文是研究新疆三大产业对新疆人均生产总值的影响，那么可以将第一产业、第二产业、第三产业设为解释变量，将新疆人均生产总值设为被解释变量。本文假设三大产业对新疆人均生产总值的影响为多元一次线性模型，为
Y=a1*X1+a2*X2+a3*X3+u
其中，Y是新疆人均生产总值(单位：元)，X1、X2、X3分别是第一产业、第二产业、第三产业量(单位：亿元)，而a1、a2、a3分别是伴随于第一产业、第二产业、第三产业的参数，u是随机误差项。
三、 数据的收集
1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 xxx 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 20xx 20xx 20xx 20xx 20xx 20xx 20xx 20xx 20xx 20xx
274
46 305 510
567
236 258 232 226 222 240 266 293 313 359 410 450 488 583 661 820 924 1053 1347 1493 1799 2101 2477 3019 3953 4764 5167 5904 6229 6470 7377 7913 8382 9700 11199 13108 15000 16999 19797 19942
资料来源:《新疆统计年鉴20xx》
四、模型的估计与调整
(一)对被解释变量(Y)与解释变量(X1、X2、X3)进行回归分析，其结果如下：
Dependent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 07/05/11 Time: 02:25 Sample: 1952 20xx Included observations: 58
Variable C X1 X2 X3
R-squared Adjusted R-squared . of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood F-statistic Prob(F-statistic)
Coefficient
Std. Error
t-Statistic
Prob.
Mean dependent var . dependent var Akaike info criterion 1345052. Schwarz criterion Hannan-Quinn criter. Durbin-Watson stat
(二)自相关的检验与处理
分析如下:有分析结果可知DW值为 ，而查表可知，DL=大于1，所以可知该DW小于DL，可判定回归模型存在正自相关。
因此我们用C-O迭代法处理自相关问题，最终根据个回归结果确定应该采用何种自相关模型。首先，对其进行一阶自相关处理： 用软件对数据进行处理，命令方式执行Ls y c x1 x2 x3 ar(1)，其结果如下：
Dependent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 07/05/11 Time: 09:53 Sample (adjusted): 1953 20xx
Included observations: 57 after adjustments Convergence achieved after 28 iterations
Variable C X1 X2 X3 AR(1)
R-squared Adjusted R-squared . of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood F-statistic Prob(F-statistic) Inverted AR Roots
Coefficient
Std. Error
t-Statistic
Prob.
Mean dependent var . dependent var Akaike info criterion Schwarz criterion Hannan-Quinn criter. Durbin-Watson stat
Estimated AR process is nonstationary
根据DW值可知，DW=，查表可知此时临界值DL约为，说明该模型依旧存在正自相关。因此继续对该数据进行二阶自相关处理： 结果如下：
Dependent Variable: Y Method: Least Squares Date: 07/05/11 Time: 10:00 Sample (adjusted): 1954 20xx
Included observations: 56 after adjustments Convergence achieved after 26 iterations
Variable C
Coefficient
Std. Error
t-Statistic
Prob.
X1 X2 X3 AR(1) AR(2)
R-squared Adjusted R-squared . of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood F-statistic Prob(F-statistic) Inverted AR Roots
Mean dependent var . dependent var Akaike info criterion Schwarz criterion Hannan-Quinn criter. Durbin-Watson stat
.99
Estimated AR process is nonstationary
有结果可分析，DW=大于DL的临界值，不存在自相关，T检验值很显著，而且拟合程度很好，因此可选用二阶自相关模型。
(三)多重共线性检验 1、相关系数检验法
用命令方式执行cor x1 x2 x3可知结果：
X1 X2 X3
X1 1
37368 14855
1 39678
X2 37368
X3 14855
39678
有相关系数矩阵可以看出，各解释变量相互之间的相关系数较高证实确实存在 严重的多重共线性，但是由于x1、x2、x3均是影响新疆人均生产总值不可缺少的因素，因此为了避免剔除变量
data a;
set ; proc reg corr;
model y=x1 x2 x3/vif collin collinoint;
run;
proc reg data=a outest=result graphics outvif;
model y=x1 x2 x3/ridge= to by ; plot/ridgeplot; run;
proc print data=result; run;
(四)异方差检验
我们采用white检验,结果如下：
Heteroskedasticity Test: White
F-statistic Obs*R-squared Scaled explained SS
Test Equation:
Dependent Variable: RESID^2 Method: Least Squares Date: 07/05/11 Time: 11:14 Sample: 1952 20xx Included observations: 58
Variable C X1 X1^2 X1*X2 X1*X3 X2 X2^2 X2*X3 X3 X3^2
R-squared Adjusted R-squared . of regression Sum squared resid Log likelihood Coefficient
Std. Error
Prob. F(9,48)
Prob.
Prob. Chi-Square(9) Prob. Chi-Square(9)
t-Statistic
Mean dependent var . dependent var Akaike info criterion Schwarz criterion Hannan-Quinn criter.
F-statistic Prob(F-statistic)
Durbin-Watson stat
因为nr^2的伴随概率小于应拒绝原假设即存在异方差。
Foreign language: Foreign Language: foreign language, foreign language, foreign capital, foreign investment, foreign policy, foreign affairs, foreign currency, foreign direct investment, foreign minister of foreign affairs, foreign traders, foreign students, foreign enterprises, foreign aid, foreign markets, foreign culture and foreign trade: they have lived under foreign domination for many years. Our foreign policy is inclined to the third world. Everyone is working hard On behalf of the foreign minister, he changed his car to be made in foreign countries.
Learning from foreign countries is totally different from worshiping all foreign countries.
中文翻译：
外国语：外国语：外国语外国语外国资本外国投资外交政策外交事务外国货币外国直接投资长外国贸易商外国学生外国企业外国援助外国市场外国文化对外贸易部：他们在外国统治下生活了很多年我们的外交政策向第三世界倾斜每个人都在努力工作他将代表长他把车换成外国制造向外国学习完全不同于崇拜一切外国。
Einstein is considered to be the greatest scientist of the century and one of the greatest scientists in history. His discoveries and theories have had a great influence on many fields of science. Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany.
He learned to speak very slowly when he was a child. However, in the later period of his childhood, he showed his curiosity about nature and the ability to solve mathematical problems. After leaving school, he left school He went to Switzerland, where he graduated with Einstein's degree in mathematics, and began to publish a series of papers that shocked the entire scientific and intellectual circles.
He established his theory in the paper that won the Nobel Prize in physics in, because Einstein was a Jew. When Hitler took over Germany in, he had to leave the country and finally settle in the United States. He continued to study the universe Until his death, Einstein made several important discoveries about life in his works, the greatest of which was that he founded the famous theory of relativity.
中文翻译：
爱因斯坦被认为是世纪最伟大的科学家，也是有史以来最伟大的科学家之一，他的发现和理论对科学的许多领域都产生了重大影响爱因斯坦出生在德国乌尔姆市，他小时候学说话很慢，但在童年后期，他表现出对大自然的好奇心和解决数学难题的能力，离开学校后，他去了瑞士，在那里他以爱因斯坦的数学学位毕业，开始发表一系列震惊整个科学界和知识界的论文他在年获得诺贝尔物理学奖的论文中建立了理论，因为爱因斯坦是犹太人，当希特勒于年接管德国时，他不得不离开这个国家，最终定居在美国，他继续对宇宙结构的研究，直到他去世，爱因斯坦在他的著作中有几项重要的发现人生，最伟大的是他创立了著名的相对论。
代理Agencies
The chamber of Commerce
Casilla 593 Lima 100. Avenida Gregorio Escobedo 398.
Jesus Maria, Lima 11 Tel： (51-1) 4630000 Fax： (51-1) 46300001
3rd September 200#
Mr. Sun Xingwang
President & CEO
Huating Electrial Appliance PLC.
1112 Nanjing Road
Shanghai 20_40
China
Dear Mr. Sun：
We thank you for your letter of the 23rd August requesting addresses of possible agents for your products.
On the attached list we have given names and addresses of three firms who in our opinion would be able to provide you with the required services, and would be interested in your proposition.
Very truly yours.
Oscar Olender
Executive Chairman
Attachment
Gentlemen： Sep. 1, 20_
We are sorry to report that in spite of our effort, we are unable to guarantee shipment by the agreed date due to a strike at our factory. We are afraid that your L/C will be expire before shipment. Therefore, please explain our situation to your customers and secure their consent to extend the L/C to .
Sincerely
Among the female police officers who died in Dengfeng Public Security Bureau in Henan Province, a heroine swept through the Central Plains to eliminate evils, get rid of the pariah, and relieve the privileged in distress. She tenderly turned ten miles long street, white flowers win snow, and clouds roll. This is a monument in people's hearts and won people's hearts Love, because, in her heart has the most pious respect for people.
中文翻译：
这些都是当代``任长霞一座铭刻民心的丰碑人物简介：河南省登封市公安局在执行任务中牺牲的女民警中，有一位女主人公横扫中原除恶，除掉她身上的贱民，危难救济少特权者，她柔情转身十里长街，白花胜雪，云卷卷，这是人们心中流动的丰碑，赢得了人们的爱戴，因为，在她心中有着最虔诚的对人的尊重。
Dear director of human resources department, I'm very interested in your position in the news. I'm a two-year-old young man, graduated from Shenyang University, and worked in a foreign trade company for two years. I'm good at using computers, especially listening and speaking English.
I would appreciate it if you could give me an interview. I believe I can be the best person for your position. Thank you.
中文翻译：
亲爱的人力资源部主管，我对你在报纸上公布的职位很感兴趣，我是一个两岁的年轻人，毕业于沈阳学院，曾在一家外贸公司工作两年，做办公室工作我擅长使用电脑，英语特别擅长听和说。如果你能给我一个面试的机会，我将非常感激。我相信我能成为你这个职位的最佳人选谢谢。
标签：
投诉与处理ComplaintsandAdjustment
` Nusantata Trading Co. Ltd. Jalan Malaks Jakarta
Indonesia
Tel ： 62 21 380000000 Fax： 62 21 380000001
January 18, 200#
Ms. Leung Suet Chan
Deputy Manager
New Times Trading Company Limited
13-14/F., Industry Building
35 Harbour Road, Wanchai
Hong Kong
China
Dear Ms. Leung
Order NT-20717
Thank you for your fax of 17 January. We are extremely sorry to learn that an error was made in carton 13 of the above order.
The missing 9,000 ball pens were sent this morning by Cathay Airways and the documents have alreadly been forwarded you.
We greatly regret the inconvenience caused by this and the previous two errors and offer ore sincere apologies. We can assure you that every effect will be made to ensure that similar errors do not occur again.
Yours sincerely
Rob Subbaraman
Export Mangager
作为国际贸易合同中的要件（condition）之一，包装是进出口业务中一项不容忽视的环节。从经济学角度上来说，包装是现实货物商品价值和使用价值的一种必要手段。进而言之，如果包装美观适销，还可以提高售价。这一点在国际贸易中尤为突出。不断改进和提高商品的包装，不仅可以减少货损，节约运费，而且还可以扩大销量，提高售价，并能反映一个国家在科学技术和文化艺术方面的水平。
2。实用范例
subject:aboutthepacking
dearsir，
on10july，。
，leadingtosomelosses。
sincerelyyours，
xxxx
主题：包装事宜
亲爱的先生：
7月10日收到贵公司40个纸板箱钢螺钉。然而，当中10个纸箱于运送途中破烂，另货物散落，造成损失。本公司了解到此非贵公司之过，但希望能改进包装的方法，以避免同类事件发生。日后的包装木箱净重20公斤，可装每个净重500克的纸板箱40个。烦请确认上述方法，并告知新方法会否引致价格上涨。
盼望早日赐复。
你真诚的xxx
3。典型句型
(1)aboutpacking，。
关于包装问题，我方将与厂商联系，要求他们对此加以重视。
(2)。
我包装箱必须刷有正确明显的标志。
(3)，。
为了防止货物损坏，货物将用细刨花之类的东西来填充包装箱。
(4)。
我们的包装很适合长途运输。
（5）。
请保证包装可以适合长途海运
摘要：高职教育培养的是适合社会发展要求的高素质、高技能的复合型人才，随着世界经济一体化的发展，我国与世界各国的联系日益密切，函电英语作为主要的沟通方式，作用显得越来越重要。函电英语是将国际贸易专业和英语结合起来的一门实用英语课程，是高职院校商务英语专业的一门必修课程，主要内容是讲授商务英语信函的写作和应用，是一门实用性很强的课程。但目前高职院校函电英语在教学方法上还存在一些问题，亟需改进，以满足社会对商务人才的需求。
关键词：高职；函电英语；教学方法；探索
高职函电英语是将英语语言交流、写作与外贸知识结合在一起的一门应用型很强的课程，同时还是一门可以提高高职学生职业技能的一门课程，主要培养学生运用商务函件进行外贸交流的技能，是商务英语的精华课程，高职学生学好这门课程，可以在以后的工作中妥善处理国际贸易业务。但在目前的高职函电英语教学中还存在许多问题亟待解决，笔者结合自己的教学经验，从函电英语的特点和现状出发，探讨函电英语教学方法的改进，以提高教学质量。
1 高职函电英语课程特点
函电英语在当今对外商务中必不可少，拥有高质量的函电英语人才，可以为公司节省大量的物力和人力，实用价值较高，它需要员工具备一定的英语写作知识和外贸知识。高职函电英语融合了英语写作、外贸营销、商务谈判等多方面知识，这就要求函电英语教师必须具备多维度的知识储备，对教师具有很大的挑战性，同时也要求学生具备较强的专业知识和综合能力，增加了该课程的艰巨性。函电主要是指往来的信函，在对外贸易中，英语则是这种函电的语言载体，这种函电要求语言较为规范，函电内容要求思路清晰，结构严谨，是一种较为特殊的英文书面文体，实践性较强。随着时代和技术的发展，这种书面函电也向电子函电转化，使得商务交易更加方便快捷。
2 高职函电英语教学现状
目前高职函电英语教学还存在一些问题，一些高职院校函电英语课程设置不当，一般来说，函电英语课程应该是在学生学习了国际贸易课程，英语写作课程之后开设，这样学生在学习函电英语时已经具备了一些外贸知识和英文写作知识，学习起来才不费力，教师传授知识才能有效果。但在一些高职院校，课程安排有些混乱，不注意课程之间的连贯性和系统性，只是根据教学时间随意安排课程，导致一些课程倒置。其次，函电英语教师欠缺，整体质量不高，由于这一课程实践性较强，教学内容比较多维，对教师的要求就较高，需要具备外贸专业知识和实战经验，英文写作知识和丰富的教学经验，但这样的教师比较难找，有英语经验教学的老师大多缺乏外贸实战经验，这就容易导致教学的内容和实际工作之间存在偏差。还有些高职院校选择的函电英语教材较为落后，缺少创新，教师课后的辅导也跟不上，无法及时为学生答疑解惑，再加上课堂上教学方法的单一，只注重对学生灌输知识，忽视了对学生综合能力的培养。高职院校函电英语教学这些问题的存在，致使教学效果不够理想，培养出来的学生到了工作岗位也无法很好地胜任工作，因此，改变高职院校函电英语教学的方法成为当务之急。
3 高职函电英语教学方法改进策略
模块化教学
高职函电英语教学涵盖内容较多，教师在传授知识的过程中，可以根据需要，将教学内容分成N多模块，将有关联的内容分在一个模块里，每个模块都可以形成不同的授课主题，如词汇术语、阅读理解、模拟实训、信函写作等主题，或者按商务活动划分成客户开发、产品营销、签约成交等主题，这样教师可以系统地备课，便于知识的归纳总结，也利于学生系统地学习和记忆。针对不同的模块，教师还可以选择有关的案例进行补充，让学生在案例中领会函电英语的相关知识点，提高学习兴趣。此外，在每个模块教师可以要求学生按照商务信函的样式进行信函写作，并进行及时指导，总结不同信函的写作技巧，增强学生的函电写作能力，提高教学效果。
任务法教学
有压力才有动力，在教学过程总，教师可以给学生布置一定的任务，让学生在下一节课必须完成，并检查任务完成情况，这是一种新的探究式教学方法，有利于学生增加学习的压力和动力，以及完成任务的使命感和强迫感，促进学生更好地去学习。这种方法的使用要适度，不能给学生造成太大的压力，否则容易引起学生的逆反心理，适得其反。这种教学方法的使用主要由教师根据知识点的学习情况给学生提出具体的任务及要达到的目标，由学生执行任务，达成目标，比如完成信函的写作，学生任务完成后，交由老师检查，并给与指导性意见，在这种过程中，可以使课堂教学更加有趣味，更加真实。
实践教学法
实践教学是高职院校应该具备的重要教学方法，主要培养学生的实际动手能力，在实践的过程中巩固学到的理论知识，并在实践中加以检验，使学生逐步掌握实际工作岗位所需要的技能。高职函电英语是一门实践性很强的课程，因此在教学的过程中更要注重对学生理论与实践结合的教学，这种教学方法的实施，一是可以采用情景教学法来操作，学生或老师进行角色扮演，模仿商务的实际工作情景，让学生感同身受；另外则是可以通过实训基地进行操作，这就需要高职院校加强与外贸企业的合作，让学生在实践中得到锻炼，取得实际的经验，巩固学习效果。
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