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更新时间:2024-04-17 16:53:00 发布时间:24小时内 作者:文/会员上传 下载docx
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For over a decade, the craze of Chinese college graduates taking qualifying examinations to become civil servants has remained unabated. An important proportion of graduates view civil service as their top priority in job selection and they spare no efforts in preparing for those examinations, sometimes years before their graduation.
To some extent, this craze is a modern revival of the ancient notion that “those who excel in academics end up in officialdom.” In the present-day China, however, there are complicated reasons underlying this phenomenon. The jobs in sectors other than civil service are insecure and unstable, and employees have to work under greater stress faced with growing competitions in the workplace and the industry. Some government departments are related to monopolized industries and civil servants can enjoy unusually high salaries and welfare benefits. Finally, government officials are usually regarded as occupying the highest rung of the social hierarchy and a student who succeeds in becoming government official is considered the pride of the family, adding prestige and glory to the entire clan.
For all the apparent attractions of the officialdom, the craze of entering the civil service is a distorted one. In the United States, truly ambitious students enter the industry instead of civil departments, where they apply their individual initiative to achieve personal success. It has already been pointed out that, with so many best minds of the nation fighting their way into the civil sectors, the consequences are catastrophic. The civil servants system, with its inherent bureaucracy and rigid rules, would inevitably turn the otherwise energetic and aggressive young people into docile followers of their superiors’ instructions and dutiful but mediocre implementers of executive orders. This will considerably undermine the vitality of a whole generation and the competitiveness of the entire country in the international arena. All forms of craze are accompanied by elements of irrationality and abnormality and, the sooner this craze vanishes, the better.
part a
directions:
restrictions on the use of plastic bags have not been so successful in some regions. xxxwhite pollution xxxis still going on. write a letter to the editor(s) of your local newspaper to
give your opinions briefly and
make two or three suggestions
you should write about 100 words. do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. use xxxli mingxxx instead. you do not need to write the address.
范文:
dear editor:
i am writing this letter to draw your attention to the deteriorating situation of “white pollution” in some regions despite the implementation of restrictions on the use of plastic bags.
in order to put an effective stop to the wide spread of “white pollution”,i would like to make the following suggestions . firstly,the price of plastic bags should be further raised; secondly,special government departments should be established to supervise the making and using of plastic bags to ensure they are used when really needed.
i hope my suggestions would be of help and thank you for your attention.
▶书籍
一、单词
1、新东方考研英语词汇词根+联想记忆法(乱序版)
这本书的主打就是乱序版,适合中后期背顺序版背烦了自测用,一开始不要拿这本背。
2、考研词汇速记指南
这本书是配视频来的,我最开始复习就是新东方讲义配的视频来背的,很有意思也吸收很快,我个人还是推荐拿新东方的课程和讲义来背。
3、红宝书:考研英语词汇(必考词+基础词+超纲词)
单词都大同小异,不过我蛮喜欢这套书里面那个精缩版的小册子
4、20_考研英语必考词汇突破全书
同样的课程配套的教材,不过我个人不是很喜欢
5、星火英语:考研英语词汇必背
二战的时候拿这本背的,小册子除了有点厚之外很方便,价格也不贵,随身带推荐,不过可别只拿这本背哦。
6、20_星火英语:考研英语词汇星火式巧记速记精练(全新版)
7、20_考研英语核心词汇说文解词(词根乱序版)
词汇书都大同小异,买上两本适合自己的。我个人喜欢背新东方讲义(最全,一共122讲),讲义也分讲课版和正序版。注意:真题里面出现过得词汇和意思也最好记住,那大多都是英语中的常用用法。
二、长难句
1、考研英语长难句解密
我个人觉得一般。
2、考研英语长难句与词汇突破
这本书里面还涉及不少语法。
3、新东方考研英语培训教材考研英语:语法新思维
其实长难句说白了就是语法,考研语法还是看这本语法新思维吧。
个人觉得长难句其实用不着单买本书,任何真题集里面都会分析长难句的,就是把语法再从头到尾看一下,自己会分析就够了。
三、阅读
1、新编考研英语阅读理解150篇(基础版+提高版)
黄皮书系列粉丝不少,它们对于广告的投入还是很大的。这本阅读书做起来感觉很真题思路不太一样,偏难偏怪,而且有许多为了出题而出题的内容,我做了没多少就扔一边了,提高篇同样的。
2、新东方考研英语培训教材:考研英语阅读理解精读100篇(基础版+高分版)
这套书也是同样的问题,和真题思路做起来感觉不太一样。
3、考研英语阅读理解220篇(基础篇·全新版)(20_总第15版)
这本书我同学做的,她评价不错,虽然已经很难,错的很多。
4、考研英语阅读思路解析
5、考研英语阅读题源2:经济学家
《经济学人》杂志是出题重点,里面的文章都很不错。这本书当时从图书馆借的,学累了读读不错。
6、新东方决胜考研系列·考研英语:阅读理解基础进阶88篇+提高冲刺72篇
我一直做得这套,做了之后感觉和真题在选材和命题方面很相似。阅读的解释、翻译和背景讲解都很全,也有句式分析和词汇讲解。
7、考研英语:英美外刊超精读
这本书也很好,没有题,只能精读和分析,不能做到练习的目的,但是可以让你更好地理解考研阅读文章,更好地进行语篇分析。另外,这本书内容一直都没改版,看旧版的也没问题。
对于考研阅读,总的来说没有技巧,只有读懂了文章和段落关系,才能把题目分析对,理解对。多做题用处不大,仅仅是为了保持手感,提高能力还得把文章读透读细,才会发现英语文章的普遍规律和出题点。
许多老师讲的方法仅仅是他们总结出来的,你不一定能够理解掌握和发现,所以许多时候你考试时候想不到也没办法用。英语阅读技巧很少,基本功就是踏踏实实!
四、翻译
考研英语拆分与组合翻译法
翻译方法就是一句话翻译3-4遍,竖着并排写,在翻译中不断完善,最后在对照其给的答案寻找差距。适合前期时间充裕时候这样做,既提高翻译,又能分析透阅读。
五、完型和新题型
考研英语完形填空与填空式阅读(新题型)
这本书内容不错,分析的也很细。其实完型就是有选择的蒙,新题型还是有做题技巧的。这本书可以拿过来仔细看看解释,其他所有书都不如这本解释详细。
六、作文
1、考研英语冲刺热点作文50篇(狂背版)
这本书里面没啥新意,就是提供给你一些作文让背。但是毕竟粗制滥造,分析的也不细。
2、星火英语:考研英语作文万能组合
是给你提供作文,然后后面附上一些模板,实用性不大。
3、考研英语写作高分攻略
这本书基本上就是写作讲义,再加上其他一些凑数的东西,实用性不高。
4、考研英语写作高分突破(热点话题80篇)
看着写了80篇热点话题,但是买了之后才发现后悔了,根本没时间去看那么多话题。而且这些和真题也没太大关系。
5、新东方考研英语培训教材:考研英语高分写作
这本书我认为是考研作文里面最有诚意的书,书籍内容就是课堂讲义和补充为主,里面最重要的就是对历年真题高分作文的分析和仿写。推荐入手一本!
6、考研1号英语·第一本考研英语话题写作:写作160篇
160篇根本就是拿来凑数的,周围同学买过一本,然后他翻都没翻就束之高阁了。
7、作文模板+作文班
对于作文写得都挺好的。最重要的考前20天左右出的作文模板,写得超级好,分几个方面通用,适合比较懒不会自己总结的人。我考研最后都用作文模板,自己替换了点较较难的词句,形成了自己的模板。
8、考研英语冲关突破系列之7:考研英语写作冲刺必背30篇
这本书是冲刺阶段后期才有卖的。这书里面的核心内容就是提供了一套作文模板,然后里面所有的作文都是用那个模板写的,自己拿来用并且练习都不错。
对于考研作文,我个人意见就是仅仅针对真题就足够了,千万别买啥几十篇大合集,那样的都是凑数之作。前中期练习、分析背诵真题作文,后期形成自己的作文模板,并且背熟套用。另外,注意千万不要把书中写的或者辅导班给的模板拿来直接用,那样会很惨的!
▶真题
真题是考研英语中种类最多的,也是最鱼龙混杂的,不过千万记住:每个人手里最好有2种以上真题集。并且20_年以前的真题也要分析、理解,书籍都是一个系列的,这里就不写了。真题里面就看真题精析,其他的附赠的啥东西意义不大。
1、历年考研英语真题解析及复习思路
大名鼎鼎的“黄皮书”,分试卷版和珍藏版。我都有,在使用过程中觉得试卷版合适,方便携带,里面内容是一模一样的,就是排版不同。此书用的同学很多,反响也不错,内容和质量也很好,但是复习到后期就逐渐发现此书有一些用把英语翻译成中文,再用汉语思路解释意思的味道。总体还是很推荐的,用心之作。
2、考研英语历年真题详解及复习指南
新东方“绿皮书”,和之前推荐的阅读书思路和方式一样,是一帮人写的。推荐购买。
3、考研英语历年真题超精解
我从始至终用的都是这本书,此书的优势就是阅读和作文(其实真题主要也就是看这两部分),阅读分析的超级细致,做到了滴水不漏。作文也很精彩,背下来的话提分不少(难词太多,我没背)。虽然有人评价这本书的思路有的题目不太对,但是和其他书相互弥补,结合起来看就行了。此书极为推荐!
4、MBA、MPA、MPAcc等专业学位考研英语二历年真题老蒋详解(第5版)
英语二就只有这本了,按英语一的思路看的。所有考英语二的也都要看英语一的真题,思路和方法是一样的。考英语一同理。
5、考研1号20_第一本基础薄弱着专用:考研真相
这本书推荐语写的是适合基础薄弱考生,买来之后发现这书的内容没啥出彩的地方,也没有自己的特色。
6、考研英语真题精讲+全真模拟
这本书没啥出彩的地方,不推荐购买。我当时是微博上送的。
对于考研真题来说,精读细读贯穿复习始终,甚至精读好几遍、背诵默写都不为过。题目和答案也得仔细分析思路,段落上下文关联性同样很重要。前期买上一本仔细看,等到复习第二遍、第三遍之后再结合起来看。
▶模拟卷
1、考研英语高分模拟六套题
题目有点难,思路也不太好。
2、考研英语绝对考场最后六套题
题目同样很难,不过选材和题目设计还可以。
3、考研英语最后冲刺5套题(全新修订版)
这套书的选材和思路不错,难度也适中。
对于模拟题来说,我不推荐做,因为一是可能会影响考前情绪,造成错的太多患得患失,二是模拟题不如真题,有那个时间不如多分析分析真题。但是,后期阅读状态要保持,可以每天做4篇练练手,不用纠结于答案和错误题目,注重看出题点的思路。
A person you know is planning to move to your town or city .What do you think this person would like and dislike about living in your town or city? Why? Use specific reasons and details to develop your essay.
A friend of mine from college is moving to my city, so I have been thinking about what she would and wouldn't like about it, I’d say the quality of life here, as far as fun and activities are concerned, is very good. The quality of life isn't very good, though, in other important ways.
Living in a lager city is exciting, but you pay a price for it. There are lots of interesting things to do, and good restaurants with food from around the world. There are museums, art galleries, and lots of movie theaters. However. the crime rate is high, and people have to be careful about where they go at night. There's a lot of traffic most of the time, and finding a parking space can be a problem. There are also a lot of people living here. Sometimes it feels too crowded.
In a big city like mine, housing is very expensive. If costs a lot even if you're just renting an efficiency apartment. The good side is that there's a lot of choice about where you want to live and how you want to live. You can find apartment of all sizes in different settings. Houses of equal variety are available for sale or rent.
If my friend likes the great outdoors, she might be disappointed. Unfortunately, my city doesn't have a lot of wide open green spaces, and there aren't a lot of trees on the streets. We're not near the ocean, and the mountains are a day's drive from here. Still, we do have some natural areas. For example, we have a beautiful big park. It even has a lake in the middle that's used for ice skating in the winter. There’s a different kind of beauty in the city.
Thinking about it, I suppose whether my friend likes my city will depend on whether or not she likes exciting places. I hope she likes a lot of variety as far as housing and activities are concerned. If she does, then this is the place for her.
Dear John,
Six months have elapsed since our last meet. How have you been these days?
Seeing that all of us have finished our final examinations and have leisure time now, I think it’s necessary to hold a party to relax and to gather together, sharing our joy and hardship in the past several months.
The party will be held in my home next Sunday, from 6pm to 10pm, in which you may see Peter, Mary and our many friends. The activities in the party include having a dinner, watching an Oscar-winning movie and a surprise in store for you that I couldn’t tell you now. I’m confident that we will have a good time next Sunday evening.
If you don’t have any prior appointment that day, I hope you can come. I’m looking forward to your reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
王江涛《考研英语高分写作》、潘赟《九步搞定考研英语高分作文》、何凯文《这才是写作高分攻略》
01王江涛《考研英语高分写作》
适用人群:《考研英语高分写作》销量和口碑都很不错,考研备考冲刺阶段去图书馆逛一圈,几乎人手一本的红皮书,书确实是本好书。
优点:作文话题归类全面,一目了然,有大量优质的范文,是个不错的语料库,适合用来积累一些精华句。
缺点:①背诵需要投入大把时间、大量精力,
②其次可能就是因为人手一本,可能考场上出来的“模板”都是差不多的了
总结:建议结合王江涛的这边作文书,后期结合这些积累好的句子还是整理一个属于自己的模板,自己的!!! 如果不确定自己整理出来的模板是否准确,可以找擅长英语的老师或者小伙伴帮你把关一下呢~ 千万不要把江涛大佬的原封不动的照搬过来,你不疲劳,阅卷老师也会疲劳的。
02潘赟《九步搞定考研英语高分作文》
缺点:
“非模板流”四个大字就表明了这种方法需要你花很多时间去练习才能掌握,对新手小白不太友好
书中介绍了很多写作方法,例如第二段的因果分析法、对立观点分析法等,这种意识形态层次的理论,从终生学习的角度来看,掌握好了绝对益处多多,但对于应试来说,性价比较低
适用人群:写作小白,不知道作文每段应该写什么,可以买来看一看,学习一下这种 “九宫格”的写作框架,明确自己的写作思路。语料库不如《考研英语高分写作》丰富,可以两本书结合着来看。
03何凯文《这才是写作高分攻略》
优点
何凯文这本书里主要讲到作文结构怎么写,以下是我根据书里内容总结得出的框架结构胶,大家可以参考一下。
第一段:①总体描述→②细节描述→③点明主旨
第二段:④开头承接→⑤原因分析→⑥总结论证
第三段:⑦引出结论→⑧具体措施→⑨畅想未来
书中还讲如何把其中的一些词语和句子转化成更高级的词汇和句子,可操作性比较强。
缺点:
尤其是何凯文讲到可以通过评价主题的利弊,利用平行展开法来论述第二段,可以用来拓展写作思路,构建作文框架。
作文书里很多句子针对性较强,不可灵活运用到其他作文之中。词汇语句,质量参差不齐,不如《考研英语高分写作》中的句子高级。
还没有组织的小伙伴欢迎加入我们的交流群一起学习进步~群内不定时会有资料分享哦~
the cartoon aims at informing us of the significance of confidence. definitely, no once can deny the importance of it. confidence enables us to achieve our objectives more smoothly and realize our dreams more rapidly. by being confident. we are more likely to win others’ trust and support, discover our potentials and overcome those seemingly-invincible and formidable setbacks. to further illustrate the importance of being confident, i would like to take jeremy lin as a case in point: how could he, once and ordinary and obscure basketball player at harvard university, achieve unprecedented success in nba?
accordingly, at no time should we underestimate the power of confidence. furthermore, when coming with setbacks and bottlenecks, instead of giving up easily, what we must do is to face it with confidence and fight against it without courage. “confident people never get hurt.” abraham lincoln also once said.
20xx年的考研越来越近了。英语是每年考研必考的科目之一,得到了同学们足够的重视,而同学们在考研英语复习上也是花费了足够多的功夫。可是你有没有发现自己面对密密麻麻的英文学习起来吃力而且收效甚微呢,不是你不够努力,而是你学习英语的方法不对。那么今天就和大家来谈谈考研英语的学习方法。
一,单词的学习方法。
英语词汇是整个考研英语的基础,可以说你掌握的英语词汇越多,在20xx考研英语中你的优势就越大。然而,很多同学反映自己在英语词汇的学习上事倍功半。记忆单词,要把时间安排在自己记忆力最好的时候,比如早上,或是晚上睡觉前半个小时,注意每天给自己一定的任务,比如,20个单词,每天还要复习昨天的单词,经验表明,这种重复记忆的效果最好。不仅如此,还有把自己容易记错、混淆的单词整合起来,集中区分记忆,加深对每个单词的理解。坚持下来,持之以恒,你必会掌握丰富的考研英语词汇。
二,考研阅读的学习方法。
阅读理解,是整个考研英语的核心部分,这个部分占的分数比例也是最高的,所以,考研英语的学习重点应该放到阅读理解上来。前期,可以做一些英语阅读理解的专项训练,每天在自己规定的时间内完成多少篇英语短文,把自己放在考试的时间环境与心态下,提高自己阅读理解解题能力。而到了后期,则要着重做历年真题,尤其是最近十年的阅读理解,单独拿出来,反反复复的做透,相信你的阅读理解会取得一个质的提升。而在平常,空闲时间的时候,多读读时事热点的英语文章,对把握英语的出题思路,也是十分有好处的。
三,英语作文的复习方法。
英语考研作文是整个考研英语的点睛之笔,是对你整个英语学习的综合测试,是你英语能力的集中体现。考试中,也是拉高英语成绩的利器。老师的建议是多读读历年真题的优秀范文,反复体验,学习其中的写作方法,仔细琢磨某些句子的绝妙的用法,在你自己的英语作文中,就可以用到你学习的方法,来提高自己英语作文的亮点。对于自己中意的文章,最好能熟练的全文背诵,每种类型的文章都要能熟练掌握一篇。相信到考试的时候,你也可以写出引人赞叹的英语文章。
考研英语复习重在坚持,持之以恒的遵照自己的学习方法来学习英语,不可半途而废。也许在学习的过程中,充满了枯燥、痛苦,但是,要想在20xx考研中取得一个良好的考研英语成绩,这些都是必须要经历的,没有捷径可走,你必须这样一步一个脚印的坚持下去,才能在风雨之后,看见彩虹。最后祝每一位学子都能考试自己理想的学校。
It has been said, “Not every thing that is learned is contained in books.” Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?
“Experience is the best teacher” is an old cliché, but I agree with it. The most important, and sometimes the hardest, lessons we learn in life come from our participation in situations. You can’ learn everything from a book.
Of course, learning from books in a formal educational setting is also valuable. It’s in schools that we learn the information we need to function in our society. We learn how to speak and write and understand mathematical equations. This is all information that we need to live in our communities and earn a living.
Nevertheless, I think that the most important lessons can’t be taught; they have to be experienced. No one can teach us how to get along with others or how to have self-respect. As we grow from children into teenagers, no one can teach us how to deal with peer pressure. As we leave adolescence behind and enter adult life, no one can teach us how to fall in love and get married.
This shouldn’t stop us from looking for guidelines along the way. Teachers and parents are valuable sources of advice when we’re young. As we enter into new stages in our lives, the advice we receive from them is very helpful because they have already bad similar experiences. But experiencing our own triumphs and disasters is really the only way to learn how to deal with life.
This bar chart indicates different market shares of automobiles of three types of brand affiliations between 20_ and 20_.
In 20_,cars with Japanese brands topped the three types of vehicles,accounting for 35% of the total market. What follows is the cars with Chinese brands,hitting 25% of the auto market,with the share of American brand bottomed out at 15%. In 20_,some developments are noticeable in that the cars with the largest share became those of Chinese brands,which occupied roughly 32% of the market,while cars with Japanese and American brands took 25% and 15% of the whole market respectively.
It is observed that between 20_ and 20_,cars of Chinese and Japanese brands took turns to be the in terms of market share while those with American brands ranked the last in both years. And the share of Chinese-brand cars witnessed a mild increase and that of the Japanese-brand cars saw a moderate decrease,while the American-brand cars stayed the same.
From this graph,we can come to the safe conclusion that the Chinese automakers are doing a good job in outcompeting their Japanese and American counterparts in 20_,but the gap is not so significant and if no efforts were made from the part of the Chinese auto industry,the distribution map might be rewritten in the future.
Dear my friend,
With the development of our society and economy, the number of vehicles in our city is soaring, which not only results in heavy traffic congestion and air pollution, but also brings much inconvenience to us. Everyone need desirable living environment, and it’s imperative for us to get moving to make us live better now.
Seeing that the more and more private cars is the main cause of such problems, the shift from you private cars to the public transport, such as the bus and subway, is the most effective means to ease the troublesome situation. So, let’s make our joint efforts to build a better city.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
What are some important qualities of a good supervisor(boss)? Use specific details and examples to explain why these qualities are important.
Even though job situations can be very different, there are several qualities that all good supervisor have in common, A good boss treats all her employees fairly. She doesn't single out one employee for better(or worse)treatment than the others. A poor supervisor has favorites. Sometimes she'll even use her favorites to spy on other employees. She expects them to tell her what the others are saying about her. This can cause a lot of bad feeling among employees.
A good supervisor gives clear and understandable directions. She doesn't constantly change her mind about what she wants employees to do. She also doesn't get angry with an employee who is confused and needs her to explain the directions again or more fully. Delegating authority well is another quality of a good supervisor. She knows how to use the skills of her employees to best advantage. A poor supervisor insists on doing everything herself. She is unwilling to give any authority to others.
A good boss evaluates her employees on a reasonable ser of criteria, not on how she feels about them personally. And she lets the employees know what those criteria are, so they have a fair chance of meeting them.
She gives both praise and criticism in a straightforward manner. She also offers guidance when needed. A poor supervisor will criticize without giving any suggestions on how to improve.
Most importantly, a good supervisor set the standards for her employee by her own behavior. She works hard and treats employees like valuable assets to the company. This promotes good morale among her workers, and this is of great benefit to her business.
January 16, 20_
An international conference on globalization, which would attract 200 leaders of famous corporations from all over the world, will be held next month. And 150 volunteers are needed for the preparation and organization of the conference. The basic requirements of volunteers include excellent mastery of English and familiarity with globalization. Those who have proficient computer skills and outstanding communication ability are preferred. If you have the qualifications stated above and intend to join in this program, please send your resume to abc@. We will notify you of our decision in two days.
Postgraduate Association
之所以增加这部分,是因为我的角色后来发生了很大转变,期间有很多思考也有很多纠结的地方。写前面部分时我刚考完研没多久,后来成为了一名XDF的考研英语讲师,后来读研比较忙加上与公司一些理念问题而离职,出来后花了几年时间和女票还有一群小伙伴儿做出了一本作文书,还是有一些“心路历程”的。
作为一个在国内应试系统里从学前班读到硕士的学生,我曾一度相当自洽,认为好的英语文章就是要用各种复杂的语法结构,句子越长越好,一句话能写40个词绝不会只写20个;单词越难越好,significant肯定比important高级,palatable肯定比delicious高级,那时我根本不在乎内容。直至笔者考了几次雅思,发现原来老外眼里的好文章,首先是easy to read的,原来一篇好文章不需要那么多复杂的语法结构,原来单词没有高级和不高级之分只有准确和不准确之分,原来我们写的各种高分作文在老外看来很尴尬。
学雅思的过程中,顾家北老师对我的影响的最大的。他推出AC确定法组织论点,即思考论点时要一小步一小步地往前推进,A和C之间一定能找出B,这一方法当时就让我耳目一新。因为以往任何老师教写作都是以“块”的形式教的,什么叫“块”呢,就是背短语背句子甚至背文章。可以去看教考研写作的很多名师,哪怕是有着几十年教龄的德高望重的功勋名师,都这么讲课。拿出范文开始一通分析,哪儿哪儿好,用了什么单词什么词组什么语法结构,用得挺好的,最后就是,背下来。然后下一篇,如此循环下去几十个课时就没了。
国内英语考试拿到任何题目都可以翻来覆去用那几句话去写,题目是环境污染了,可以写“随着经济的发展人们让环境遭受了污染”;题目是虐待老人,可以写“随着经济的发展人们开始虐待老人”;题目是“文化融合”,可以写“随着经济的发展文化开始融合”。
这样的教学方法导致的结果是,经典永远是经典,十几年前的范文还是现在的范文,学生写的也是十几年的东西。这样就导致在阅卷的时候在很大一个区间内没有区分度,全国考生背的都是那几本作文书,翻来覆去就是那些内容,记性好的阅卷老师都能背下来了。我一个前同事,从大学里出来的,以前参加过考研阅卷,在新东方的时候他给我们培训作文阅卷标准时讲过,北京地区的作文给分极其扁平化,一篇没有错误的大作文,看个二十几秒,写的是老生常谈,就会给个10分左右。
我曾为此觉得十分矛盾,一方面官方公布满分范文,名师引用范文,但是另一方面考生都写这样的范文却无法得高分,我想为什么这么多年都不更新呢?后来我从考研英语写作的评分标准中发现语言是第一位的,结构是第二位的,内容是第三位的,也就是说内容几乎是被忽视的。10年前的考研满分作文的论点,到现在仍然可以用,阅卷老师根本不在乎。但是根据我同事的判卷经验,北京这种大旱地区给分都是很扁平的。也就是说,内容陈旧不会判你错,但是就是可能会和高分失之交臂。
意识到这一点后,很长时间内我仍然困惑,我天真地想为什么考研英语写作就不能像雅思写作一样设立一个coherence and cohesion的评分标准以杜绝这种天马行空式的跳跃写作呢?杜绝了这种跳跃式写作,就必须更新内容和语料了。再者按照我阅读学术论文的体验,我认为写作的跳跃不仅对写作本身损害极大,也会影响一个人思考问题的方式,我觉得考研英语写作作为选拔性考试的重要部分,应该起到引导的作用,应该去督促每一个未来的研究生有逻辑性地组织自己的观点并用文字的方式表达,我觉得这是考研英语写作应该起到的作用。
那段时间我还在北京新东方教考研英语写作,我尝试着在日常的教学中加入我的理想。于是我时常给学生讲,考研满分范文无疑是一篇好的考研英语作文,但是不一定是一篇好的文章。甚至在讲课中如果讲到考研英语作文评分标准也会花少量时间给学生讲雅思作文的评分标准。我自认为我其实是在妥协,每次我站在讲台,我看着台下这群疲惫的年轻人的眼神,他们不关心什么是一篇好的英语作文,他们只关心能不能提分。我万分理解他们,因为这就是曾经的我,而我现在只不过变成了那个能帮助他们提分的人。所以我只是偶尔假装无意间提一嘴,并不会占用他们太多时间。
但是,在有一次批课的时候,我习惯性地提了几句,一位资深的前辈,也是集团培训师毫不留情地批评了我,她说提及雅思评分标准只会让学生更困惑,没有任何意义,以后不要再讲这个了。那一刻,我想反驳,但是自己的反驳却显得那么不合时宜,因为这里就是一个让学生提分的地方,我讲的东西就是格格不入的。
那次受批评以后,我又想了很久,我想,既然考研写作并不是为了教学生什么是真正的英文写作,既然是为了让学生顺利通过考试能得高分就行了,我们大可以用最高效最简单的方法啊。我找到主管,表达了我的观点,我说写作不必以“基础班—强化班—冲刺班”的形式安排那么多节课,我说只需要8-10个课时就能让考生得高分了,8-10个课时都用来教他们怎么写模板背模板,只需要用足够丰富的语法结构和最新的语料就可以,而不是花大量的课时教学生怎么写定语从句怎么写独立主格结构怎么写倒装句等等,我说他们不需要会写所有的定语从句,相反,他们只需要写两三个定语从句。
我的想法很简单,既然不考察真正的写作能力,既然能以“块”的形式去教,那么就应该把考生的工作量降到最低。
主管很诧异地看着我,我知道他的意思,他应该觉得我是傻X,因为一方面课程架构根本不是我一个底层讲师能决定的,也不是他能决定的,另外XDF老师的收入来源就是课时费,没有老师不想要课时费的,所有老师都巴不得给自己多排几节课,而只有我,竟然要求削减课时。但是主管还是说他考虑考虑,过段时间给我答复。
没多久,主管组织了一场在总部南楼的教师模拟考试,这次我有备而来,带上了我自己考研时整理的模板和用模板套写的历年真题范文,一沓A4纸,考完试我把模板给主管看,他看了一眼显然眼睛亮了一下,问我是我试讲的时候的作文思路是吧,我说是。当时进公司第二轮试讲是他面试的我,我讲的就是这个作文备考思路,他对我有知遇之恩。紧接着他又皱眉头,说你这个现在拿出来太早了,等冲刺课的时候考生都快急死的时候拿出来,你好好做PPT,到时候有可能给你排个抢分班。我沉默不语。
这次和主管谈完后不了了之,因为集团一直强调标准化,课程设置都是统一安排的,不会因为我一个小讲师而有什么变化,我也没有做PPT。但是,我到后期的时候越来越痛苦。我看着那些学生们,他们交了大几千上万的学费,早起挤地铁来上课,我明知道考研写作是那么地简单,却要因为课时要求把一些简单的问题复杂化。讲的东西对考研有帮助吗,肯定是有的,但是不是我心里我手中的那把利器。
又这么耗了一段时间,我,终于,离职了。
离职之后我第一件想做的事就是把材料开发出来,期间自己研究生开学,意识到之所以考研英语写作不注重真正意义上的写作,是因为95%的国内研究生不需要用英文写作,那少量的5%的需要用英文撰写学术文章的研究生,考研英语写作对他们来说没有任何障碍。意识到这一点,我释然了,考研英语写作确实不用在意内容。
在我准备做一份专门应对考研英语写作的材料的时候,认识了我女朋友,本硕留学6年中她写了不少paper,对英文写作很有经验。当时她在一家基金公司上班,工作轻松稳定。
我怂恿她辞职了,辞职后她开始接手我的事情,成立了一家小小的教育公司,研发的第一个材料就是考研英语作文模板。紧接着有一些留学回来的同学加入了我们,我在清华北大里也找到了几个愿意做这事儿的同学,我们一起大刀阔斧地开始了。一旦开始后,发现我们国内学生和海归的工作方式大相径庭,有很多差异也有一些冲突,我在很多时候扮演着一个调节者的角色。至于具体的工作方式的差异以及碰撞出来的火花,这都是非常有趣的事情,也让我个人收获良多。
举个例子,留学回来的同学由于写论文的经历对他们影响太深,他们在写模板前都会把每一个题目做大量的research,于是他们竟然找到了很多作文题目的命题来源,举两个例子,20_年和20_年的题目是这样的。
20_年是“乐观”,他们找到了著名的“半杯水实验”,这个实验就是用来测试一个人是乐观主义者还是悲观主义者的。
他们是以写学术论文的方式在写作文模板,举个例子,对20_年真题“直面困难的勇气”,于是他们开始大量的查资料,然后轻松摘出来两个句子:
根据这两个句子,他们改写出一个新的句子:
Additionally, courage is an action word that leads us to unleash our best potential, so as to discover new oceans by losing sight of the shore.
(此外,勇气并非让我们原地踏步,而是会引导我们发挥最大的潜能,从而告别眼前的海岸,发现新的海洋。)
这个句子足够地道,也达到了考研的难度,同时还足够的模板化,把勇气换成乐观、自信、坚持、合作等话题都能适用。
他们有很多发现,我也有很多收获,更多的时候他们都太过于理想主义,比如为了一个单词用得更加准确而花大量的时间做research,我总说可以了可以了,这个放在考研里已经足够拿高分了,这时候总是会遭到他们的鄙视。原来,他们真的是把模板在当论文在写,我是汗颜的,我可能在国内的应试系统里浸淫太久,所以总是希望到某一个度而停止。但是又突然想起我还是一个文艺青年时,深信木心先生的一句话:永远不要低看你的读者。
所以后来我就淡化成了一个把关者的角色,我考过研并且拿到了高分,也当过国内最大的考研机构的老师,改过千余份作文,知道什么样的作文能在考研里拿高分。而这群海归,写过大量paper,被各种native speaker教授折磨过,他们知道什么样的文章是一篇好文章。于是,我们一起共事,向彼此靠近一点,希望能开发出一些既能得高分也是好文章的模板。他们会写论文会查资料,但是我还是要坚持以马斯洛需求为切入点的思路,这个思路太重要了,不能放弃。
有时候我在想我们这么做的意义,因为似乎大部分考生其实是没有判断力的,大家背诵的就是“with the development of economy”且奉为至宝,因为作文书都太经典太稳定了,可能拿上5本作文书也就是翻来覆去那些东西,可以看看最著名的某满分范文写作宝典,10年前的范文仍然在。
为了每年都有更新,我们95%的时间都花在研发上,宣传只是我在知乎上写写答案,我们一致认为首先把东西做出来再说。女票相信,总有一天会有更多同学知道我们。
但是,我们还是要好好做这件事啊,两年过去了,已经累计有一万多名同学用过我们的材料,不乏上岸清北以及英语85+的。而我们的作文模板也集结成了一本书出版了,已初具体系。
前面写了,官方公布范文,名师引用范文,考生背诵范文,导致大家写出来的作文其实差别不大,最终的结果就是大家的作文成绩极为扁平化。所以我们的核心任务之一就是保证使用我们材料的同学保持在一个较少的数量,我们的策略是分版本且每个版本全国限量三千册,不同版本的模板文章不一样。三千和名师动辄几十上百万的销量比,放在全国是微不足道的。
相信不会让大家失望的。
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告别死记硬背二十篇的梦魇,科学高效备考考研英语作文~~
As is vividly betrayed in the drawing above, a newly-married couple are hugging each other happily and their parents are holding a huge amount of debt hardly. In addition, there is one sentence “ Establish their own happiness on the basis of parents hardship”, which lighlightsthat nowadays many young penple are seeking for their own happiness despite their parents’ feeling.
So what causes this phenomenon?From my point of view, there are mainly two reasons. First, with the promotion of “Family planning”, many families have one child only, which makes the child so spoilt that they are used to the high quality life. Second, many children has the psychology of comparison, which makes them have the wish to hold a luxurious wedding order to solve this problem, children should develop the virtue of thrifty.
As marriage is a lifetime matter, it will not be changed because of their wedding ceremony is luxurious or not. So they should refuse luxurious wedding ceremony. Futhermore, parents should not spoil their children by satisfy their all demands. I think under the joint effort of parents and children, the ethos of keeping up with the joneses will be decreased significantly
Dear Sir or Madam,
As a faithful reader of your newspaper, I would like to express my gratitude for your endeavor to promote the development of our city. And now, I want to discuss the phenomenon about the restriction on the use of plastic bags.
As we all know, the plastic bags cannot be used for free now, but I find that there are still some shops offering free plastic bags to their customers without charging any fees. Seeing that the plastic bag is the main cause of white pollution, it’s imperative to take stricter measures to implement the restriction. First, more severe punishment should be imposed on the shops if they violate the regulation. Secondly, our newspaper’s publicity of the concept of environmental protection will be an effective way to stop the worrying situation.
I would be grateful if you can take my suggestion into consideration, and I hope we will have a clean city in the near future.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
on university tuition system in china
directions: it is reported that many universities in china have begun to charge students for tuition. should university students in china pay their own tuition ? state two opposite opinions and illustrate them in detail. write an essay of about 200 words within 40 minutes.
tuition system has become one of the hottest topics in china since it was put into effect. reports on this topic are published in a variety of newspapers and magazines. people differ greatly in their opinions on it.
some people think that there is no university in the world which is open to students without tuition. as far as china is concerned, it is a developing country with the largest population in the world. the government is unable to allocate enough funds to pay for various teaching facilities and many different kinds of expenses. one of the ways to relieve the problem is for students to pay tuition. the money raised in this way can be used to improve the conditions for running schools.
others, however, are opposed to the tuition system. they argue that the living standard of the chinese people, especially of those in the poor rural areas, is still low, compared with that in the western world. the university tuition will certainly add to the already heavy burden of the parents, who live on their salaries or wages. moreover, tuition may become an obstacle to the development of china’s higher education. this is because it hinders some talented people from entering the university just on account of their poverty.
To Whom It May Concern,
As a student of our university living in the dormitory, I am very grateful for the accommodation provided by our university. Generally speaking, the living environment is good, but now I have to express my dissatisfaction.
Now I share a room with another student, but it’s for this reason I feel rather inconvenient, because my roommate constantly invite his friends to visit our dorm, making great noise. The situation is so disturbing that I cannot concentrate on my study and work. I wonder if you could arrange a single room for me next semester, as I prefer to live alone to get a favorable living condition to study.
I would appreciate it if you could take my request into consideration, and I am looking forward to you reply.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
January 15, 20_
Our English Club has attracted more than 20_ students since it was established in 20_. Its aim is to provide a platform for all the students not only to enhance the English skill, but also to improve a range of ability.
Now, it’s time to recruit new members, and we hope you can join us. The activities to be held next semester include staging musical dramas, holding group discussions, watching Oscar-winning movies, and so on. These after-class activities can ensure you ample opportunities to strengthen your sense of responsibility and manage interpersonal relations, as well as raise your level of proficiency in English. All of these will be sure to empower you to enjoy competitive edge over your peers.
You can file a written application to our staff office or email us via abc@. The deadline for entries is January 22. Come on, join us now!
The picture above presents to us a scene that a boy is dozing off when an actress dressed in Chinese traditional costume is trying to impress her audience by special tone and symbolic gesture, but an old man is absorbed in her performance. On the face of it, the actress’ endeavor is differently received, but on closer observation and further consideration, we can learn from the picture that the contrasting attitudes towards the Chinese drama performance is a miniature of the current situation of Chinese traditional culture.
The picture reflects a noteworthy trend that Chinese traditional culture is facing an unprecedented challenge, because it is losing its appeal for the young generation. Two reasons can be concluded about the phenomenon. In the first place, the fact that more and more foreign cultural products flock into our country, and we are surrounded with varieties of entertainments puts many forms of Chinese traditional culture at the risk that many people may have little use for them. In the second place, all of us, especially the school education and the media, didn’t attach enough importance to the popularization and promotion of Chinese traditional culture, which aggravates the worrying situation.
In my opinion, we must reverse the worrisome trend, because a nation’s traditional culture is spiritual bonds between people, and plays a key role in a nation’s development of society. Many examples all over the world are living proofs that a nation’s traditional culture is a prerequisite for its societal development, so it’s no exaggeration to say that without the traditional culture, we would lose many valuable things that should be preserved and cherished. But the revitalization of our traditional culture needs our joint efforts. I hope we can see our prosperous culture in the near future.
(Seemingly the Chinese traditional culture is in a losing battle with other entertainments and foreign cultural products, but it still has a fighting chance if we join our efforts to retrieve the situation. However, to revitalize our traditional culture entails our media’s popularization, our government’s promotion and everyone’s endeavor. We should bear in mind that only when everyone knows the importance of traditional culture protection can our nation’s culture enjoy prosperity in the future.)
Dear Sir or madam,
I am the chairman of the Student Union of Tsinghua University, and our union is organizing a social survey project on Chinese history. So it’s necessary for us to have a visit to your historical exhibition to get some material about the local tradition. I would be grateful if you could supply me with the following information.
Firstly, I need detailed informatio
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