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MY FAIR LADY---Mini-Biography for Audrey Hepburn
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第一要认真审题。根据题目类别，弄清文体的要求，并判明文章的种类(议论文、说明文、记叙文)，同时确定文章要阐明的主题或要表达的中心思想，若题目已经提供了提纲，还要注意弄清各提纲要点之间的逻辑关系。考生在拿到作文题后，切勿惟恐时间不够，提笔就写。一旦跑题，发现了再改就来不及了，常言道：磨刀不误砍柴工。
第二要注意设计安排段落。根据文章的中心思想，确定各个段落的主题内容和主题句。如果是议论文，一般要从论点的正反两个方面来考虑，首先是某观点的合理成分或某物的长处，然后是该观点的不合理成分或该物的短处，最后阐明自己的观点。如果题目提供了提纲，只要把提纲扩展成主题句即可。
第三要避免将记忆里较熟悉的句子生拉硬扯地搬进作文，使作文结构松散，意思不明确，甚至会偏离主题。
写好英语作文的方法
书写要漂亮，卷面整洁。和语文作文一样，卷面是最重要的，不要出现污痕、错字，保持卷面的干净整洁，给阅卷老师留下好的印象。字体不做要求，清楚，便于辨认，工整就足够了。平时可以多练书写，字体就会越来越漂亮。
背诵范文，尽量做到完整默写。不会写作文怎么办？背范文。背范文可以教你如何写作文，如何使用句型，对提高语感也有帮助。遇到类似的作文就可以往范文上靠，久而久之就找到感觉了。
平时多练。平时一定要多写，有范文的可以和范文比较，看看自己的差距。写完后记得找老师批改，找出自己的错误和不足。
尝试用高级词汇和句型。使用高级句型和词汇，可以让阅卷老师眼前一亮，分数也会相应提高。前提是你必须保证自己所写的符合语法，正确无误，否则就老老实实写自己学过的，保证正确率是最重要的，不要因使用错误的高级句型而丢分。
审题的概念
拿到试卷后，首先浏览书面表达的题目，研究题目要求。正确的审题内容包括A、审标题B、审体裁C、审要点。审标题：看文章是否要求有题目(title)或者主题(topic)能够确保你不跑题;审体裁：确能够定文章的文体，为你写作提供方向。审要点：如果英语作文中，有要求要点的，一般打分时是踩点给分的，准确把握住要点，是高分的一个诀窍。
如何审要点?要做到以下两个方面：
总结归纳要点：不是所有内容都要写出来，而是抓住其中的关键要点、衔接要点!
理顺要点：将提炼的要点按逻辑关系(如时间关系、因果关系、转折关系等)重新安排，这样整篇文章看起来就整体有序，流畅自然，更加容易打动评分老师，从而作文分数提升一档。
构思文章提纲：根据题目的要点，安排好段落和主次关系。要形成良好的分段意识，写作分段是必须要进行的(2至4段为佳)，这样显得文章不会拥挤并且层次分明。在行文意识上，要注意突出要点。
In recent years，more and more lectures are being given on campus. They are organized either by the departments or by the students unions with an aim to improve the students quality both mentally and academically. These lectures are usually in series and on different topics, such as arts, life, economy, psychology, world issues, etc.
Generally speaking, the advantages of good lectures are various. First, they broaden the students’ horizon and cultivate interests in different fields. Second，they make the life of the students colorful and enjoyable. With these merits, lectures are just complementary and subordinate to our school work. If students spend too much time attending lectures, their regular study will be affected and disturbed.
So，in my opinion, the students should, on the one hand, do their class work and homework well first, on the other hand, make good use of their spare time to attend instructive lectures so as to eich their knowledge.
教学目的 掌握常用的运动副类型
教学重点 低副和高副
教学难点
辅助手段
课外作业
课后体会
一、运动副
使两物体直接接触而又能产生一定相对运动的联接，称为运动副。
根据运动副中两构接触形式不同，运动副可分为低副和高副。
1.低副：低副是指两构件之间作面接触的运动副。按两构件的相对运动情况，可分为：
（1）转动副：两构件在接触处只允许作相对转动。由滑块与导槽组成的运动副。
（2）移动副：两构件在接触处只允许作相对移动。由滑块与导槽组成的运动副。
3）螺旋副：两构件在接触处只允许作—定关系的转动和移动的复合运动。丝杠与螺母组成的运动副。
2.高副：高副是两构件之间作点或线接触的运动副。
二、自由度
—个作空间运动的构件具有六个独立的运动，即沿X、Y、Z轴的移动和绕 X、Y、Z轴的转动，构件的这种独立的运动称为构件的自由度。
一个作平面运动的自由构件，可以产生三个独立运动，即沿X、Y、Z轴的移动及绕A点（极点）的转动，所以具有三个自由度。
当两个作平面运动的构件组成运动副之后，由于受到约束，相应的自由度也随之减少。转动副约束了沿 X、Y轴向移动的自由度，保留了—个转动的自由度。移动副约束了沿一轴方向的移动和在平面内两个转动自由度，保留了沿另—轴方向移动的自由度。高副则只约束了沿接触处公法线方向移动的自由度，保留了绕接触处的转动和沿接触处共切线方向移动的两个自由度。
所以在平面机构中，每个低副引入两个约束，使构件失去两个自由度。
每个高副引入一个约束，使构件失去一个自由度。
三、平面机构的运动简图
绘制平面机构运动简图的目的绘制平面机构运动简图的目的在于：撇开与机构运动无关的外部形态，把握机构运动性质的内在联系，揭示机构的运动规律和特性。
机构的相对运动只与运动副的数目、类型、相对位置及某些尺寸有关，而与构件的横截面尺寸、组成构件的零件数目、运动副的具体结构无关。用线条表示构件，用简单符号表示运动副的类型，按一定比例确定运动副的相对位置及与运动有关的尺寸，这种简明表示机构各构件运动关系的图形称机构运动简图。
只表示机构的结构及运动情况，不严格按比例绘制的简图称为机构示意图。
章节名称
TOPIC 2 铰链四杆机构 授课形式 讲授 课时 2 班级 中专0101 教学目的 掌握铰链四杆机构的基本类型。掌握平面四杆机构曲柄存在的条件。
教学重点 掌握铰链四杆机构的基本类型。掌握平面四杆机构曲柄存在的条件。
教学难点 掌握平面四杆机构曲柄存在的条件。
辅助手段
课外作业
课后体会
四杆机构的组成铰链四杆机构是由转动副联结起来封闭系统。
其中被固定的杆4被称为机架 不直接与机架相连的杆2称之为连杆
与机架相连的杆1和 杆3称之为连架
凡是能作整周回转的连架杆称之为曲柄，只能在小于360°的范围内作往复摆动的连架杆称之为摇杆。
链四杆机构的类型
铰链四杆机构根据其两个连架杆的运动形式不同，可以分为曲柄摇杆机构、双曲柄机构和双摇杆机构三种基本形式。1）曲柄摇杆机构
若铰链四杆机构中的两个连架杆，一个是曲柄而另一个是摇杆，则该机构称为曲柄摇杆机构。
用来调整雷达天线俯仰角度的曲柄摇杆机构。
汽车前窗的刮雨器。当主动曲柄AB回转时，从动摇杆作往复摆动，利用摇杆的延长部分实现刮雨动作。
2)双曲柄机构
如果铰链四杆机构中的两个连架杆都能作360°整周回转，则这种机构称为双曲柄机构。
在双曲柄机构中，若两个曲柄的长度相等，机架与连架杆的长度相等（，这种双曲柄机构称为平行双曲柄机构。
蒸汽机车轮联动机构，是平行双曲柄机构的应用实例。平行双曲柄机构在双曲柄和机架共线时，可能由于某些偶然因素的影响而使两个曲柄反向回转。机车车轮联动机构采用三个曲柄的目的就是为了防止其反转。双摇杆机构
铰链四杆机构的两个连架杆都在小于360°的角度内作摆动，这种机构称为双摇杆机构。
三、曲柄存在的条件
由上述以知，在铰链四杆机构中，能作整周回转的连架杆称为曲柄。而曲柄是否存在。则取决于机构中各杆的长度关系，即要使连架杆能作整周转动而成为曲柄，各杆长度必须满足一定的条件，这就是所谓的曲柄存在的条件。
可将铰链四杆机构曲柄存在的条件概括为： 连架杆与机架中必有一个是最短杆；
最短杆与最长杆长度之和必小于或等于其余两杆长度之和。
上述两条件必须同时满足，否则机构中无曲柄存在。根据曲柄条件，还可作如下推论：（1）若铰链四杆机构中最短杆与最长杆长度之和必小于或等于其余两杆长度之和，则可能有以下几种情况：
a．以最短杆的相邻杆作机架时，为曲柄摇杆机构；
b．以最短杆为机架时，为双曲柄机构；
c．以最短杆的相对杆为机架时，为双摇杆机构。
(2)若铰链四杆机构中最短杆与最长杆长度之和大于其余两杆长度之和，则不论以哪一杆为机架，均为双摇杆机构。
四、铰链四杆机构的演化
1．曲柄滑块机构
在曲柄摇杆机构中，如果以一个移动副代替摇杆和机架间的转动副，则形成的机构称为曲柄滑块机构。
它能把回转运动转换为往复直线运动，或作相反的转变。
2．导杆机构
章节名称
TOPIC 3铰链四杆机构的工作特性 授课形式 讲授 课时 1 班级 中专0101
教学目的 掌握铰链四杆机构的工作特性
教学重点 掌握铰链四杆机构的工作特性
教学难点 急回特性、死点
辅助手段
课外作业
课后体会
一、急回特性和行程速比系数
曲柄摇杯机构中，当曲柄A B沿顺时针方向以等角速度转过φ1时，摇杆CD自左极限位置C1D摆至右极位置C2D，设所需时间为 t1，C点的明朗瞪为 V1；而当曲柄AB再继续转过φ2时，摇杆CD自C2D摆回至C1D，设所需的时间为 t2，C点的平均速度为 V2。由于φ1＞φ2，所以 t1＞t2 ,V2＞Vl。由此说明：曲柄AB虽作等速转动，而摇杆CD空回行程的平均速度却大于工作行程的平均速度，这种性质称为机构的急回特性。
摇杆CD的两个极限位置间的夹角ψ称为摇秆的最大摆角，主动曲柄在摇杆处于两个极限位置时所夹的锐角θ称为极位夹角。
在某些机械中(如牛头刨床、插床或惯性筛等)，常利用机械的急回特性来缩短空回行程的时间，以提高生产率。
行程速比系数K：从动件空回行程平均速度V2与从动件工作行程平均速度V1的比值。K值的大小反映了机构的急回特性，K值愈大，回程速度愈快。
K＝V2／V1 ＝(C2C1／t2)／(C1C2／t1)＝（180°十θ）／(180°一θ)
由上式可知，K与θ有关，当θ＝0时，K＝1，说明该机构无急回特性；当θ＞0时，K＞l，则机构具有急回特性。
二、死点
以摇杆作为主动件的曲柄摇杆机构。在从动曲柄与连杆共线的两个位置时，出现了机构的传动角γ＝0，压力角α＝90°的情况。此时连杆对从动曲柄的作用力恰好通过其回转中心不能推动曲柄转动，机构的这种位置称为死点。机构在死死点对于转动机构是不利的，常利用惯性来通过死点，也可采用机构错排的方法避开死点。
但死点也有可利用的一面，当工件被夹紧后，BCD成一直线，机构处于死点位置，即使工件的反力很大，夹具也不会自动松脱。点位置时由于偶然外力的影响，也可能使曲柄转向不定。
1、上海英语作文题目
假如你是明启中学的高三学生李华，你邀请王磊参加露天音乐会，但是王磊拒绝了邀请，因为路途遥远，交通不方便的原因，不想去郊外公园参加露天音乐会；
1、针对李华的犹豫不决给出解决的答案；
2、给他来参加露天音乐会的理由。
2、上海英语作文点评
写作部分要求考生写邮件说服好友，任务真实，考查了考生的语言交际能力。试题全面考核了考生的语言知识和语言能力，既体现了课程标准的基本要求，又凸显了对考生在不同语境中灵活运用语言能力的考查，对高中英语教学起到了积极的引导作用。
上海英语试卷命题依据英语学科考试说明，难易度适切，区分度合理，测量目标明确，与以往考试保持一致。试卷内容围绕人与自然、人与社会、人与自我三大主题，综合考查英语语言运用能力，突出学科核心素养，凸显思辨能力的考查，彰显人文学科的本质。
It's a new year! It's a new year! That is what makes people happy and the expected new year has finally arrived!
On the eve of new year's Eve, there is a warm smile on the faces of adults and children. The new year's Eve banquet is abundant. Chicken, duck, fish, fry and fried dumplings are also white and fat dumplings. Full house filled with laughter.
It's a new year! It's a new year! What made me look forward to the new year was the colorful TV program, which tempted me to fly over the sky. When the bell of the new year rounded, I dragged my brother in one hand and pulled my sister in one hand. Bang bang, the sky suddenly rang the new year interlude music, my sister and I waved small fireworks and the beautiful melody running in the snow, as if into the dream land of idyllic beauty. This moment in language is also difficult to speak of the inner happiness.
It's a new year! It's a new year! The flying smoke of the sky is full of joy in the sky, for a long time... For a long time...
今年的高考英语有什么新动向，如何备战才能获得高分？在日前由《中国电脑教育报》和DEC中恒联合举办的'21世纪语言与情景教学高级专家论坛上，来自北京外国语大学、清华大学、北京大学等知名学府和权威语言教学机构的英语教育专家透露：今年高考英语将更加突出语言的整体运用功能，“情景”考察的比重进一步加大，所有题型从听力到书面表达无不是在语境中进行词汇、语法等单项的考察。专家提醒广大考生，要彻底丢弃过去那种死记硬背单词、生呑活剥语法的“头痛医头脚痛医脚”式复习方法，从整体上把握英语，以能力的提高为应试的基石，否则难获高分。
专家分析说，近几年高考英语单项选择一般是15道题，其中有10道题是直接在语境中进行考察的，只有5道题或者是句子结构分析或者词义辨析，即使是纯结构和辨析题也都包含一定的语境。所以，教师在平时编题，考生在复习时都应该遵从这个比例配置，把语境题放在主导地位。阅读理解尽管包含了各种各样的话题，但是历届高考阅读题细节占的比重最大，所谓细节其实就是语境、情景。在听力方面，输出的信息完全在语境中进行。而书面表达，一般是情景作文，或者开放式的情景作文，在一定情景基础上给学生更大的思维空间，目的是培养学生的创新能力。
Well, New Year`s Day is coming. Do you want to know what I am going to do next year?
I am going to leave my home for Xiamen with my family . We are going to there by plane .And after we are getting there, we are going to eat delicious food, climb the mountains, visit the Jin Bang Park and the Bai Lu Zhou are also going to go shopping,play basketball with my uncles at the same time.
And we are going to stay there for a month. After a month,we are going to come back to our will have a good time there. How about yours? What are you going to do next year?
I have to admit that delicious food not only can satisfy my stomach, but also can let me love cooking. When I eat some very tasteful food, I will think about how to make the food. Personally, I have tremendous interest in cooking.
I don’t know whether my cooking methods are correct or not, because sometimes I will use my own thought to cook some foods. During my cooking period, I once succeeded in cooking very delicious food and meanwhile I also experienced failures. However, I never regret loving cooking. Cooking makes my daily life more substantial.
From cooking, I also can learn some knowledge about health. I always look through the cooking websites to find new ways to make food. When I look at these websites,I can find out that there are many little healthy knowledge of daily life. For instance, fruits and vegetables are advantageous to our health, so we should have a balance diet in our daily life.
Cooking various foods makes me have a deeper understanding of life. Daily life is full of kinds of triviality and we must have enough patience to face them. Take cooking as an example, if you cook food with a good mood, you will find that life is so beautiful. Therefore, when I meet some terrible things, I cook some foods. Thus, I will forget unhappy experience for the time being. After I finish cooking, I will find life’s beauty again.
Cooking makes me more confident to live. From cooking, I can learn unique life attitude. I love cooking.
Cooking is fun
Why is cooking fun? Here are two reasons.
First, it is a good way to show my love to my parents. Both my parents are very busy. So When I come back home early,I'11 cook for them. After they return，we sit together and enjoy the meal. I can see them smile happily. is a kind of creation. I always try to cook different dishes. When my new dish is praised by others, I feel proud.
l like cooking. It brings me a lot of fun.
Our long-awaited school sports meeting has come at last. Running, long jump, wonderful project, the students all ready, each class is really like, I guess, the school sports meet, the students would have ready, 800 meters, long jump, softball game, it must be very exciting.
You see, the long jump shots fired, the teacher gave the order, starting only, our class classmate Tan Hao, squinting, rushed to the bunker, he ran, see here, my heart was too nervous to xxxbang bangxxx jump. Suddenly, Tan Hao threw a flying stride, feet, yo, out of good results, we want to heart a surprised, he must confide first. But, down, four (5) class, a classmate unexpectedly jumped out of , the students suddenly cold half, how to do, their gap is so big. So the second jump started, first of all, he did a warm-up exercise, then, he xxxwhizxxx, ran up. You see! He gave a sudden jump, xxxGee, over the line,xxx I sighed. The third attempt, also failed, he made a foul. xxxHopeless!xxx!xxx I thought to himself. But look up, he is still not discouraged. The fourth time, Tan Hao took out the milk force, and ran on the red runway, 30 meters, 20 meters... Closer, closer, and saw his arms open, the body, such as Yan Yan, a jump. such good results, we cheered.
Ah! The school sports meeting is really wonderful!
There is no doubt that traffic congestion becomes a growing worry for the residents of most urban areas. Some major roads are regularly choked with traffic in rush hours. The limited transport capacity contributes largely to the vexing problem. How to solve the headache?.
The existing solutions to traffic jam mainly aim at creating metro bus systems and broadening major roads. Widening the existing roads can solve traffic snarls on some level. Soaring car ownership compounds the chronic annoying problem, so we must sharply reduce the heavy reliance on cars and drive a shift to the mass transportation. It is a cheap and good way. We can create a system of customized bus routes and highlight the development of subways, trolleys and light rail. The effective combination of these solutions will enable the urban areas to possess a smooth traffic.
Life is a long journey like a sealed book which is full of unknown and this journey you decide the direction and hold on it. However，sometimes life can place a stumbling block in your this moment，you need courage to keep going and never give up.
There goes a saying that “It doesn’t take guts to quit. Anyone can quit. And most people d0-on their dreams and on ’s always easier to quit than to hold on.”Definitely，confronted with is always easier to give up than to hold ，constant effort yields sure you pursue your goals with the courage of never giving up，you will succeed in whatever endeavor you take is just like farmin9，and what you can reap depends a lot on your sowing and ，keep going forward. even in the toughest time，never give up and take courage determines whether you are a winner or a loser.
Today is the National Day, but also our 30th anniversary of the founding of China. I am bored after a morning, in the afternoon, I went to my sister's house to play.
I am happy to the sister, but to her home I was disappointed, the original sister did not think what to play, we racked our brains, and finally thought of a game: grab the bench.
We found ten children to play, the rules of the game is this: Please the five children (including me and my sister) with the music around four bench circle. Music stop, we must immediately grab a bench to sit down. Who did not grab, who would be eliminated. The second round is four and three bench. The last round only two people and a bench, and who grabbed the last bench who would win. By aunt when the referee.
Big aunt first invited Wang Yue, Lai Yun, Yu Jing and my sister to play. The rest of the children on the side when the cheerleaders. I saw the two of them relatively standing, Yu Jing children did not show weakness, raised his head, Tingzhuo, not afraid of the way; look at Lai cloud students, half open eyes, hands into the trousers, are not See Yu Jing this skinny monkey. With the big aunt whistle, the game began.
When the music sounded, they turned around the bench. When they are spinning, we are seeing the gods. Music and suddenly stopped. Lai Yun seems to have no response over, standing on that look at my sister and grab the bench. But I do not know ye engage in, her eyes light up, found an empty bench. Lai Yun immediately ran to sit. Later, my sister was eliminated. The second round, three rounds of Lai and my two children were eliminated in turn.
The last round only two female students. As soon as the music sounded, they turned slowly around the bench. Their eyes staring at the only Zhang bench, and my heart is also very nervous. Our cheerleaders shouted: xxxWang Yue Come on! Wang Yue will win! Wang Yue Come on!xxx Yu Jing did not hear the students to their own voice, it seems more tense. Tension is useless. Music stop, Wang first grabbed the bench more than half, Yu Jing grabbed only a small half.
Wang's victory, so that we are happy and jump again and again.
Through this game, our actions are more agile. I am so happy today
Dear John,
It’s Mother’s Day today. It’s a special day, isn’t it?
I think we should do something to show our love to our mothers on this special day. My mother and I are good friends. Whenever I meet with difficulties, she is always there, ready to help me.
Today I will make a beautiful card for her, with my thanks and best wishes on it. Then I will help her wash the car this afternoon and cook her favourite food in the evening. Besides, I’ll take a walk with her after dinner and then play chess with her, for she likes it very much. I’m sure she’ll be very happy.
What’s your plan for Mother’s Day? I’m looking forward to hearing from you.
Yours,
Li Hua
11、英语课代表分发试卷的时候发现了一份没有署名的试卷，成绩为满分。请你帮助课代表分析它会时谁的。
要求：1.设想当时的情景，适当扩展细节；
2.书写工整，100词左右。
参考词汇：top student优等生；handwriting笔迹；full marks满分
英语（基础模块）教案
Unit2 Ready for Your Campus Life
一、教学目标 1.谈论人名。2.谈论来自何处。3.介绍自己所在班级。
4.掌握“主—系—表”结构和“there be”句型。5.掌握代词和介词的基本用法。6.学会如何发前元音［i:］与［i］
二、教学向导 语言功能
·介绍自己的个人信息 ·谈论来自何处
语 言 目 标
能用下列交际用语进行简短对话： What is his name? His name is….Where is he from? He is from….语言结构
“主—系—表”结构和“There be”句型
重点词汇
ready, campus, beautiful, search, important, practice, adapt, concern, repair, Ruia, America, Britain, handsome
三、课文讲解
（一）Warm-up 1.老师首先用英语向全班学生作自我介绍，并提出新学习阶段的英语学习要求。例如： Hello, name is….I’m your English teacher this ’s do our best together to improve our Learning of at the beginning of this term, I would like to advise you to plan your time sure to have enough time to recite the new words and useful expreion, to listen to enough English tapes, to read many English articles, to do oral practice as much as poible and to finish your homework on , I advise you to make good use of your time in carefully in cla really means le work notes will help to remind you what the teacher important suggestion is that you should develop a good attitude towards your English reading, listening, speaking and ’t be afraid of making mistakes when you are speaking try your best to say what you want in English every ’ll do my best to help you and I hope everyone will get a great progre in the shortest poible time….此外，还可以设计一些常用口令、手势、规定一些纪律，以便在以后的教学中，形成良好的习惯，达成默契。
部分应在10分钟内完成。
部分的练习可以鼓励学生在课前独立完成，然后在课上检查，也可以在课上引导学生集体做。
4.除了将卡片上的信息补充完整外，教师还可根据具体情况，补充一些简单的问题。如： What’s your English name? Where are you from?
Which school were you at before you came here? 5.有奖励机制。例如：赏识性语言。无论回答情况怎样均应给予鼓励，建立说英语的自信心。6.最好能在开课前布置并引导和鼓励学生预先自学、预习并记忆本单元的生词和短语，在Warm-up中涉及一些。
（二）Listening and Speaking以及Reading and Writing--边讲边练习学会介绍自己及自己的班级。
（三）Grammar 例如：
再举例让学生自己划分。复习“be”动词的用法。“我用am,你用are, is跟着他/她/它。单数is，复数are。”
语法：按照本单元中Grammar的内容，举例讲解“主—系—表”结构和“there be”句型的用法。以及常用代词和介词的用法。例如：I am a am not a you a student? 回答应是 肯定：Yes, I am.否定：No, I am not或No, I’m not There is a picture on the wall.墙上有一幅画。
There are seven days in a week.一个星期有七天。
Is there a map on the wall? 回答应是 肯定：Yes, there is.否定：No, there isn’t.口头完成语用练习。
Unit2 This is My Family Picture
一、教学目标
1.谈论家庭成员的姓名和关系 2.学会介绍他人应注意的问题 3.掌握冠词和名词的基本用法 4.学会如发前元音［e］与［æ］
二、教学向导 语言功能
·介绍自己的家庭成员 ·打电话常用语
语 言 目 标
能用下列交际用语进行简短对话： This…, …
Hello, … Nice to meet to meet you, , this is… I speak to…? Hold on, is hot available right now.语言结构
one...the other one 的用法
重点词汇
introduce, daughter, husband, wife, children, China, Japan, real, parent
三、课文讲解
（一）Warm-up 1.课前布置或在课上引导学生根据图片的内容，在相应的横线上填上相应的词。2.课上进行提问,有赏识性语言。
（二）Listening and Speaking以及Reading and Writing--边讲边练习介绍自己的家庭成员
语言运用要求：理解和正确朗读课文“FATHER”，完成课后练习中规定的任务。复习：举例复习人称代词的用法： She does not study are from China.语法：根据本单元Grammar的内容讲解冠词和名词的用法。He is a English teacher teaches the students how to learn bought an English-Chinese dictionary this dictionary is very want to play the are some maps on the wall These babies are very lovely.注意：
1.定冠词“the”的用法，要求学生牢记。 2.可数名词由单数变成复数的规则。3.前元音［e］与［æ］的读法。Unit3 Every Day
一、教学目标
1.掌握询问别人在什么时间做什么事情的基本会话。
2.掌握谓语动词的几种时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时 3.学会发后元音[ɔ:]和[ɔ]
二、教学向导 语言功能
掌握询问别人在什么时间做什么事情的基本会话
语言目标
能用下列交际用语进行简短对话： When does she go to the supermarket? She goes to the supermakert every do you go to the supermarket? I go to the supermarket every….语言结构
掌握谓语动词的几种时态:一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时。用when来提问的疑问句
重点词汇 check, make, supermarket, famous, popular, support
三、教学建议
角色扮演（ROLE PLAY）
1.明确口语活动的任务，要求学生仔细阅读图片。必要时可做简单的对话示范。2.成对活动，轮流作SpeakerA和SpeakerB。
3.学生教师巡视全班，聆听学生对话，并解答学生提出的问题。 4.挑出几个学生在班上表演。
5.总结学生的表现，必要时纠正学生中带普遍性的错误。
6.在黑板上写上January，Sunday，today，tomorrow,在每一个单词的第一个字母下面划线并指出一年中的月份和一星期中的每一天的单词首字母都要大写，而表示别的时间的单词不用大写。
语法：按照本单元中GRAMMAR的内容讲解一般过去时的方法。此外还可以参照以下内容进行更细致的讲解。一般过去时表示：
(1)过去某个特定时间发生，并且一下子就完成了的动作(即：非持续性动作)，也可以表示(2)过去习惯性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去。(1)I had a word with Julia this morning.今天早晨，我跟朱丽亚说了几句话。
(2)He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up.他没有戒烟的那阵子，烟抽得可凶了。一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday，last week，in 1993，at that time，once，during the war，before，a few days ago，when 等等。
句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响。Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？(意思是说你现在不饿吗？)Yes，I have.是的，我已经吃过了。(意思是说已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。)When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的？(关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。)I had it about ten minutes ago.我是大约十分钟以前吃的。
used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。I used to work fourteen hours a day.我过去常常一天干十四个小时。一般过去时的基本用法：
1.带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时
如：yesterday(昨天)、two days ago„(两天前„„)、last year„(去年„)、the other day(前几天)、once upon a time(过去曾经)、just now(刚才)、in the old days(过去的日子里)、before liberation(解放前„)、When I was 8 years old(当我八岁时„)Did you have a party the other day？前几天，你们开了晚会了吗？ Lei Feng was a good soldier.雷锋是个好战士。
※注意：在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。2.表示过去连续发生的动作时，要用过去时
这种情况下，往往没有表示过去的时间状语，而通过上下文来表示。The boy opened his eyes for a moment, looked at the captain, and then died.那男孩把眼睛张开了一会儿，看看船长，然后就去世了。
3.表示过去一段时间内经常或反复的动作常与always，never等连用。 always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。(只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着伞。) always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。(说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞)I never drank wine.我以前从不喝酒。(不涉及到现在，不说明现在是否喝酒)4.如果强调已经终止的习惯时要用used to do He used to drink.他过去喝酒。(意味着他现在不喝酒了。喝酒这个动作终止了)I used to take a walk in the morning.我过去是在早晨散步。(意味着现在不在早晨散步了)I took a walk in the morning.我曾经在早晨散过步。(只是说明过去这一动作)5.有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们中国学生往往出错，要特别注意！I didn’t know you were in Paris.我不知道你在巴黎。(因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.)I thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。
(这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病)辨别正误：
Li Ming studied English this morning 把此句变为一般疑问句(×) Li Ming studied English this morning？(动词应该用原形)(×) Li ming Study English this morning？(时态应该用原句子的时态)(×) Li Ming studied English this morning？(应该用一般动词，而不是be动词)(√) Li Ming study Enghish this morning？一般过去时的句子的谓语形式有： 肯定① be 分为was,were② v+ed 否定① was/were not ②didn’t+v 疑问① was/were+主②did+主+v 一般将来时和现在进行时初中已经有所涉及，教师可以根据书上的内容做简单复习。Unit4 Would You Like to Go Shopping with Me?
一、教学目标
1.谈论服装(颜色、尺寸、喜欢和不喜欢)2.谈论要求服务或向别人提供服务。3.掌握金钱数额的表达方法。4.掌握形容词和副词的三个等级 5.掌握元音的正确发音方法
二、教学向导 语言功能
谈论服装(颜色、尺寸喜欢和不喜欢)掌握金钱数额的表达方法 购物时的简单对话
语言目标
能用下列交际用语进行简短对话 Do you want a jacket? Yes，I you want a white jacket? No,I don’ want a blue one Here is a nice blue jacket
语言结构
形容词和副词的三种形式
重点词汇
enough, money, want, enjoy, change, different, opinion, towards, allow, without, other, service
三、教学重点
学会简单的购物交际用语
四、教学建议
角色扮演(ROLE PLAY)1.教师可根据初中学过的知识丰富谈话的内容，例如 A: May I help you? B: Yes, shoes are too small A: Oh，I’m you have the receipt? B: No，I’m ’s at home A: I need a shirt, please B: size? A: do you have this jacket in medium? B: Yes, I think so 2.明确口语活动的任务，要求学生仔细阅读图片。必要时可做简单的对话示范。3.学生成对活动，轮流作SpeakerA和SpeakerB。
4.教师巡视全班，聆听学生对话，并解答学生提出的问题。 5.挑出几个学生在班上表演。
6.此外还可以通过做游戏来训练学习的口语表达能力，例如;让学生以小组为单位或全班一起做一次连锁游戏，在这个游戏中每一个学生必须在I’m looking for 这个句子后添加内容，例如：教师说：“I’m looking for a green shirt”这个穿绿体恤的学生就来说“I’m looking for„”以此类推。或者是教师在黑板上图表中的NAME下画一个问号，描述班级内一个同学的服装。把它写在CLOTHING下面，让全班的同学猜一猜他是谁。7.总结学生的表现，必要时纠正学生中带普遍性的错误。语法：按照本单元中GRAMMER的内容讲解形容词和副词的三种形式的用法。此外还可以参照以下内容进行更细致的讲解。
，so，quite，too，as 后只能用原级。2.没有比较用原级。
原级as“和„一样„” The tree is as
as that building John runs as
as Tom so/ as 原级 as“和„不一样„，„不如„” He doesn’t have as many books as I .比较级是两者进行比较，句中常出现 than(比)„, „or„(2者选择)6.比较级前常用的修饰语：
a little/a bit(一点)，much/a lot(非常), even /far/any等词语表示程度。例如: ① She is a little taller than I(me)② Who is much more careful，Ann or Elisa? 7.最高级前常用的修饰语：the 最高级+ of/in(三者及以上范围的)„ My mother is the busiest in my + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of The Yellow River is the second longest river in of the + 最高级 + 名词复数 + in/of Shenzhen is one of the biggest cities in is the+最高级+名词(that)I meet/know/„ This is the most beautiful city that I have ever visited 注意：
(1)the+比较级+ of the two “两个中比较„的这一个”
Lucy is the
(高)of the twin hat is the
(漂亮)of the two.(2)比较级and比较级相同表示“越来越„” It is getting
and
.Our country is becoming
and
.(3)The 比较级„，the 比较级„“越„越„” The
the
.The
he is, the
he feels.(4)„数量 + 比较级 than „
My father is three years older than my mother 使用形容词和副词比较级和最高级应注意事项
1.形容词的最高级前必须有the，而副词的最高级前the可以省略。 2.在进行比较时，必须是同类事物相比较。① His ruler is longer than I.(×)② His ruler is longer than mine(√)3.以不发音的e结尾时加-r/.: fine—finer—finest 4.重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾是一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母,再加-er/.: big→bigger→biggest 5.不规则adj的比较级与最高级如下: 原级
比较级 最高级
good/well
better best
bad/badly
worse
worst
many/much
more
most
old
older/elder
oldest/eldest
far
farther/further
farthest/further
little le least
注：older 一般比年龄，新旧；
elder指长幼关系(一般修饰名词);elder brother/sister farther指距离更远；
further指抽像的.I want to study English further.练习：
用形容词的正确形式填空
do you like
best
(well)，apples，pears or bananas? think this story is
more interesting(interesting)than that the morning he is early(early).His father is earlier(early)than mother is the earliest(early)of the Yellow River is the second longest(long)river in thinks his corn is
the most delicious(delicious)of all the feel math is more difficult(difficult)than Chinese.句型转换
is is short.(比较级合并)Tom is
taller than
hair is ’s hair is longer.(合并成一句)Mary’s hair
is longer
than is thinner than Sam.(改为同义句)Sam is fatter/heavier
than
sister is better at study than is clever.(改为同义句)My sister is more intellectual(聪明的)than me at study is is funny, too.(合并成一句)Peter is as funny as Paul.
Whats friends? Do you have friends? I have many friends, so I always feel happy. In the morning, some of my friends will go to school with me. We often talk and laugh on the way to school. Sometimes we will stop to buy some snacks, school things and other stuff. When I am in school, I always study with friends. When I have something confusion, I will ask them to help. So do they. We help each other. After class, we play together, and go to the shop to buy snacks. They accompany me, so do I. I think this is friends.
朋友是什么?你有朋友吗?我有很多的朋友，所以我总是感到很开心。早上，有部分朋友会跟我一起去上学。我们经常在路上一遍聊天一遍大笑。有时候我们会停下来去买些零食，学习用品，还有其他的一些东西。到了学校，我就会和他们一起学习。有时候我遇到难题，他们就会帮助我，他们遇到不懂的地方也会找我帮忙。我们相互帮助。下课后，我们就一起玩，一起去小卖铺买东西吃。他们一直都陪着我，我也陪着他们。我觉得这就是朋友。
Dear manager，
I learn from the newspaper that a secretary of the English language is wanted in your beg to apply for the post.
My name is Li Hua， a girl of graduated from the English Department of a university four years ’ve been working as a guide of English for four I take more pleasure in the job as a can speak good English as well as Chinese.
I want very much to be accepted by your give me an answer if these satisfy you.
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua
As the vivid cartoon depicts, a little boy throws a package that still contains foods away, and an old woman picked it up.
The purpose of the picture is to reveal that there is more and more wasteful is the steadfast virtue of our nation. Why this phenomenon takes place, that is, nowadays, as the living standards improve, folks live a fullness life, some people flip the traditional virtues of economization from our memory. It will cause a serious adverse effect on social harmony if we turn a blind eye on this addition, waste is not only a noble trait of character of a teenager, but also lead o some wicked traits which are harmful to the growing of a teenager.
Taking into account all the analyses above, we must attach importance of economization. First, we should get actively to advocate the traditional virtue 。
As is known to all, waste has become a more and more serious problem. We can easily see many persons dump a lot of food in the garbage can. Some persons spend thousands of yuan buying fashionable clothes and so on.
The negative effects of waste can be shown in the following aspects. In the first place, it makes some students dependent on their parents for money, which is harmful to their development. If they don’t learn to support themselves, they will be “useless people” when they graduate. In the second place, it is not easy for our parents to arrange for our schooling. Last but not the least important, there is no denying the fact that our country is still poor. There are many people who cannot go to university and many poor people still need our help.
As far as I am concerned, I should set a good example to reduce waste on social. First of all, I will refrain from wasting anything, from food to stationery. What’s more, I’m determined to call on more schoolmates to fight against waste. Only through these measures can we hope to reduce waste.
As we all know water plays an important part in people's daily lives. More and more water is needed in the modern society. So we should try to save it.
Now many places are short of water. For example, a big drought hit the Southwest of China at the beginning of this year. especially Yunnan province, milions of people has not got enough water for common life. A lot of rivers and lakes are polluted. What's worse, many people are wasting water seriously.
In order to protect water, let's do something to fight against all kinds of pollution and waste of water.
Timeflys. A week has been gone.
This week I have nothing sepecial except helping anold lady across the road. I left home for school in a hurry on Monday morning,because I had flag-raising ceremony on that morning. When I was nearly arrivedat school, I saw an old lady whose hair is all white and she seemed didn’t movesmoothly. I worried about that she would have accidents without help. So I help her to go through theroad. As a result, I was late for school, but I was very happy.
Nowadays, working overtime is so common in many companies, especially in foreign companies, private companies, and joint ventures. As far as I am concerned, there are two main reasons of working overtime. For one thing, there is indeed too much work to do. If it is so, the boss should compensate staffs by paying them as overtime salary or giving them vacations. For another, some staffs are not suitable for their positions. In that case, the boss ought to help them to improve their working efficiency. If they are still not qualified, boss may change the positions for them, or to the worst, dismiss them. That's all what I think about working overtime.
In the picture, there stands a tree full of fruit on one side of the stream. Across the stream, a man is trying to reach out on the edge of the band for the fruit with a net attached to a pole. Not far away there is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit.
The message conveyed in the picture is clear. In pursuing a dream, we might focus on only one say of making it come true, forgetting that there may be alternatives. As indicated in the picture, if the man is willing to look for other possibilities, he can find a better and more rewarding way to achieve his goal. All he has to do is to turn around, cross the bridge and walk to the tree.
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