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2022-12-04
MY FAIR LADY---Mini-Biography for Audrey Hepburn
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更新时间:2024-01-15 11:29:13 发布时间:24小时内 作者:文/会员上传 下载docx
2023-01-03
2023-01-03
2022-12-04
MY FAIR LADY---Mini-Biography for Audrey Hepburn
2023-01-01
2023-01-01
注意:1.信件须包括写信原由及表格所列内容;
2.书信格式正确;
3.书写整洁;
4.词数在80个左右。
生词提示:electronic adj.电子的. explanation(S)n.解释,说明
发表意见者 对使用电子词典的不同意见
同学 有用,方便,节省查阅时间
家长 便于携带,多数家庭买得起
英语教师 对单词的解释太简单,不该使用
本人 会使我们变懒惰,不该使用
Dear Editor,
Recently(最近) I made a survey(做调查) about the use of the electronic classmates think that the electronic dictionary is useful,convenient and it can help to save time looking up the parents also think the electronic dictionary is easy to carry and most families can afford my English teacher doesn’t think we should use it,because she/he thinks its explanations for the words are too suppose the electronic dictionary will make us lazy and we shouldn’t use it.
Yours,
Li Ping
He placed his two boxes on the floor and held the door open for his co-worker to pass through. Then, the co-worker did the same for him. It turned out that the hike up the stairs was not too bad, at least it was better than what Shawn had imagined. But then, he did see the slightly flushed face of his co-worker who was taking deep breaths. Together, the two people headed towards the meeting room. Still, the strange feeling from the brief encounter in the stairway did not leave Shawn.
1、假设你和几位同学成了一个英语俱乐部,开展了为期2个月的活动。现在,你将代表俱乐部在课堂上进行经验交流,请写一份英语发言稿。1.简要描述俱乐部开展的一项与英语有关的活动2.谈谈你们开展活动的收获。
Boysandgirls,
TodayI’.
That’.
2、假设你是星光中学的李华,将参加主题为“Let’sridebicycles”的英语演讲比赛活动。请撰写一份演讲稿,主要内容:1.目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞问题2.骑自行车的益处,如节能环保,有利健康等3.参考词汇low-
Goodmorning,everyone,
I’“Let’sridebicycle”.
Asisknowntoall,’slivingstandards,,.
H?AsfarasIamconcerned,’–’’smore,.
Therefore,let’!
Thankyou!
高考英语必背范文---如何保持健康4
H,.
AsfarasI’mconcerned,.
Asforme,inordertokeepfit,I“junkfood”.
Allinall,.
健康是我们最重要的财富,因此我们应该尽力保持。正如我们所知,好的身体是获得快乐和成功的必要条件。正相反,身体不健康的人多悲观或者抑郁。人们也常认为不健康意味着苦难和失败。
就我看来,我们应当听从三个重要的建议。首先,我们应采取科学的饮食,它能提供身体所需;第二条建议就是要坚持锻炼,特别是那些不愿出门的人;最后,我们应该保持愉悦的心情。
至于我,为了保持健康,我强迫自己远离“垃圾食品”,尽管它们往往很美味可口。另外,我甚至还养成了早锻炼,听美妙的音乐和阅读好书籍的好习惯,它们总能让我精神。
英语作文优秀范文5
1、Tenyearslater,I,',Ihaveahouse,carand,ofcourse,!
Tenyearslater,maybeI',becauseI,I,.
Tenyearslater,IthoughtthatIwillbecomeadoctor,,IwanttogotoParistolive,,IwilllivewithI,atthattime,,,,,I,,IgoodanticipatedthatIthefuturelife,I!
十年后,我已经大学毕业了,也许有了个很好的工作。运气好的话,老板的女儿会看上我的,我有房子,有车,当然还有美女陪。我会赚很多钱给我的父母买好多好多他们喜欢的。我会活得很幸福!
译文:10年后,也许我会成为一个职业篮球运动员,因为我非常喜欢打篮球,我还会养许多动物,让一些繁重的事给机器人做。十年后,也许我也会成为一名警察,帮助人们抓坏蛋,打击犯罪,成为人们心中的英雄。
十年后,我认为我将成为一个医生,因为可以帮助到很多的人,我想去巴黎居住,听说那很美,我将和我最好的朋友住在公寓里,那时候,小孩不用上学了,他们在家里通过电脑学习,我的家里也有了机器人,可以帮我们干很多家务,我未来的生活中不需要钱了,因为东西都会是免费了,我好期待我未来的生活,我等不急了!
1、假定你是李华,正在英国接受英语培训,住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东MrsWilson不在家,你准备外出,请给MrsWilson写一留言,内容如下:1.外出购物2.替房东还书来电话留言:1).咖啡屋(BoltonCoffee)见面取消2).此事已告知)尽快回电
MrsWilson,
I’mgoingoutshopping,andwon’tbebackuntilabout5:’clockthisafternoon,Tracycalled,sayingthatshecouldn’.
LIHua
2、假设你是育才中学学生会主席李华。你校将举办一次英语演讲比赛(speechcontest),希望附近大学的外籍教师Smith女生来做评委。请参照以下通知给她写一封信。
英语演讲比赛
主题:人与自然
时间:6月15日下午2:---5:
地点:501教室
参赛选手:10名
联系人:李华(电话44876655)
I’mLiHua,thechairmanoftheStudents’UnionofYuCaiMiddleSchool,’“ManandNature”..
I’.
Withbestwishes
LiHua
As is shown in the pictures,trees play an important part in water and soil conservation。 In the left picture, people are fleeing from sand dunes because they cut down all trees。 In the right picture, people have planted many trees and the sand has retreated。
People should realize the important relation between human and nature。 If we continue to destroy forests, destroy the balance of nature, the real victims will be us humans。
It's never too late to mend。 After suffering from sand storms, people have now realized the importance of trees in water and soil conservation。 They are planting more and more trees to fight against the greedy desert。
如图所示,树木在水土保持中起着重要的作用。在左边的图中,人们从沙丘中逃离,因为他们砍伐了所有的树木。在正确的图中,人们已经种了许多树,而且沙子已经撤退了。
人们应该意识到人与自然的重要关系。如果我们继续破坏森林,破坏自然的平衡,真正的受害者将是我们人类。
修补永远不会太晚。在遭受沙尘暴,人们现在已经意识到树木在水土保持中的重要性。他们正在种植越来越多的树来对抗贪婪的沙漠。
anti—pollution needs your efforts 反污染需要你的努力
People today are beginning to hear more & more about the problem of pollution。 Pollution is caused either by the release of artificial substances into the environment(人造物质的排放),or by increased amounts of natural substances, such as oil, from oil tankers into the sea。
Many people, therefore, see pollution as only part of a larger & more complex problem。 Whatever its underlying reasons, it is no doubt that much of the pollution could be controlled if companies, inpiduals & governments would make more efforts。 For instance, there is an obvious need to control litter & waste, which everyone can help to do by cutting out excess consumption & careless disposal of the products we use in our daily lives。
In a word, anti—pollution needs your efforts!
俗话说“千里之行始于足下”。英语书面表达能力的形成不是一日之功,必须从平时的课堂学习一点一滴抓起,持之以恒。
一篇优秀的英语作文在内容和语言两方面应是一个统一体,任何一方面的欠缺都会直接影响到作文的质量。然而,很多考生在写作中或者由于粗心大意,或者由于基本功不扎实而经常出现名词不变复数、第三人称单数不加s,前后不一致,以及时态语态、句子完整性等方面的错误。
1.审题不清
如20xx年中考作文要求写一项最喜欢的课外活动,有些考生将作文的主题定位为“我最喜欢的活动”,偏离了“一项、课外活动”这一主题。依据作文的评分原则,若文章内容不切题,则不管语言如何规范、用词如何准确,都会被判为零分。
2.拼写错误
拼写是考生应该具备的最起码的基本功,但在考生的作文中却经常能发现很多拼写错误。有拼写错误的作文肯定会被酌情扣分,而且有大量拼写错误存在的作文不仅体现出语言基本功差,同时也直接影响内容的表达,通常会降低作文的档次。
3.名词单复数问题
误:my father and my mother is all teacher。
正:my father and my mother are both teachers。
4.缺少动词
在汉语中没有动词的句子是允许的,但英语中每个完整的句子都必须有动词来构成,如:“我累了。”这个句子没有动词作谓语,而用形容词,但英语形容词不能作谓语,一定要写成:i'm tired。
误:i happy i can come to beijing zoo。
正:i am happy i can come to beijing zoo。
误:the apples cheap. i'll take some。
正:the apples are 'll take some。
5.缺少介词、冠词等
还有一些考生因为没有熟练掌握介词或者冠词的用法,不了解中英文语言习惯的不同,也会出现明显的错误,造成丢分现象。
误:because heavy rain we can't hold the sports meeting。
正:because of the heavy rain we can't hold the sports meeting。
6.代词的误用
英语中代词的形式很多,包括主格、宾格、物主代词、反身代词等。而汉语中没有主格和宾格、形容词性物主代词和名次性物主代词之分;此外汉语中很多时候不用物主代词,而英语中物主代词是不可省略的,代词的误用是考生最容易发生的错误。
误:i mother and i went to the shop to buy a present for i father。
正:my mother and i went to the shop to buy a present for my father。
7.句子不完整
有的考生因为对句子结构认识模糊,所以出现只写半句的现象,这也是造成失分的原因之一。
误:many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into example,my friend in high school。
(这段文章的第二句话没有动词,他不能独立构成一个句子。这是一个非常常见的错误,修改的方法是将两个句子连接起来。)
正:many students have a hard time passing all the tests to get into college,for example,my friend in highs chool。
8.前后不一致
所谓不一致,包括数的不一致、时态不一致及代词不一致、主谓不一致等。
例 one have knowledge,he can do what he want to do。
(人一旦有了知识,他就能想干什么就干什么。)
剖析:one是单数第三人称,因而本句的have应改为has;同理,want应改为wants。本句是典型的主谓不一致。
改为when one has knowledge,he can do what he wants(todo)。
9.时态、人称和数的搭配错误
汉语动词无时态、人称和数的变化,而对英语来说,这些都至关重要。例:
误:when i get to the station the train leave。
正:when i got to the station the train had left。
10.综合性错误
综合性错误是指单词的大小写和标点符号的错误等,以及形容词和副词的混淆、连词的误用等等。这些都是靠考生平时知识的积累,所以考生应该从平时练习出发,每天坚持写英语日记,多读适合自己英语水平的原版著作,提高自己的英语素养。
No air means death。 Although we can't see it, there is air round us。So air is everywhere and it gives life to every living thing。 Without it we can't live。 Bad air makes people ill。We must have fresh air to keep ushealthy。
In the city there are a great many people and there are too many cars running on the roads。 The gas which the cars spread out is full of poison。 Every day we breathe it in and out。
Besides so many cars, there are many factories too。From the chimneys of these factories, we get the smoke usually in a black or grey color。 This kind of smoke, when it mixes with the air, is dangerous to our health。 It is because smoke contains many small poisonous soils and gases。 So in
order to keep healthy we have to go out to the countryside to breathe more fresh air。 Or we can go up hills to get more fresh air。
没有空气就意味着死亡。 虽然我们看不到,但我们周围存在着空气。所以空气遍布各处,把生命带给每种生物。没有空气我们没法生存。空气不好使人生病。我们必须有新鲜空气才能保持健康。
城市中人口众多,路上跑着许多汽车。汽车排放的气体充满了毒害;每天我们吸进呼出这些空气。
除了有这么多汽车,还有很多工厂。从这些工厂的烟囱里·,我们得到的通常是黑色或灰色的烟雾。这种烟雾一旦和空气混合,就对我们的健康产生危险。这是因为烟雾中含有许多小的有毒的颗粒和气体。所以为了保持健康我们就不得不到乡下去呼吸更多的新鲜空气。或者我们也可以爬山去呼吸更多的新鲜空气。
赞成意见:1.现在是信息社会,手机是最快的信息交流的工具之一。
2.应充分利用好手机。如偶遇突发事故,可立即拨打手机求助。
3.可在每天学习之余利用手机游戏放松一下自己。
4.只要正确使用好手机,紧跟时间并无过错,追求时尚可以理解,但学习是首要任务。
反对意见:1.学校已提供了公共电话,因此手机并不能带来更多的方便,而且花费较多。
2.若课堂接听手机会影响上课。
3.学生玩手机游戏或接发短信,将无法集中精力学习。
注意:1.可适当增加细节和连接词,使文章通顺连贯;开头部分已给出,不计入总词数;2.词数:100左右;
Dear Editor,
Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students. In my opinion, …
Yours truly,
Wang Lin
参考作文:
Dear Editor,
Nowadays mobile phones are becoming more and more popular among the middle school students. In my opinion, we can bring mobile phones to school.
As we know, the 21st century is a modern age and full of information. A mobile phone is one of the quickest tools for us to exchange information. The mobile phone is a fashionable and useful invention, so we ought to(应该) make the best use of it. Suppose(试设想) there’s a sudden accident, it is more convenient for us to dial for help immediately. There’re also some games in the mobile phone. We can relax ourselves by playing them when we’re tired of our studies. In my opinion, it’s not wrong to follow the fashion, but the most important thing is how to use the mobile phone in a right way.
Yours truly,
Wang Lin
1.描述图画
图画作文对图画的描述应在第一段进行,且最好在首句即开始。此类作文大部分是一幅图,也会有两幅图出现的情况。如果出现两幅图,则很有可能是突显对比的情况。
图画上可能没有任何文字,也可能在上面出现了一句话,也可以单个人物说话或两个人物对话,也可能在图画外写了总结性的一句话。大家注意,这一句话或两句话一般是非常重要的,应予译出。
一般说来,对图画的描写不必过长,应以简练、准确为标准。
2.图画类作文结构分析
我们想象中的最典型最理想的图画题提纲应该是下面这样:
1. 描述图画
2. 推导绘画者的意图
3. 做出评论
对于这一提纲我们来做具体分析,其中第三点更要细致研究。首先由图画引出一种社会现象或社会问题,可以是好的,也可以是不好的。在推导绘画者的意图时多是展开说此现象或问题的表现,以证明其引人注目。还有一种可能性是说此现象或问题产生的原因,提纲可直接列出,或还用上述提纲。这时可把简单意图推导直接放到第一段描述图画之后,而在第二段中说原因。
第三段做出评论,有可能只是简单评论、深化主题就结束,但这种可能性越来越小了。这一部分很可能说的是办法,不好的事情就是如何解决的办法,好的事情就是如何进一步发展的方法。
通过上述列表,我们可以看出,多年以来,真实的提纲是怎样一步步地向我们想象中的理想模式靠近的。对于提纲里面出现的变化和规律,我们来分析一下。
我们仔细分析,会发现历年考研真题基本上都呈现_现象或问题--原因解释--解决办法_这样的模式,但变化非常多。因为我们谈论的既可以是一件值得弘扬的好事,也可能是一个令人忧心忡忡的社会问题;针对后者我们极有可能需要提出做法;而对于前者,可能解释一下就结束了,也可能要写出相应的做法。
综上所述,可以看出,比起图表作文来,图画作文要更灵活,更富于变化。我们一定要多练习,以达到一看到图画(含图中和图边文字)和提纲(有时有文章标题)就能有效地审题解题,构造出合理的具体段落的目的。
这里面还有个问题,就是举例子,近年来已明确出现了两次,这一点大家一定要多练习。
Doing Shopping Online
With the help of the Internet, shopping is not a difficult job. Just click your mouse to choose the article you like, and the shopping is finished. You needn’t step out of the room.
It seems easy and quick. But there’s always a trap(陷阱) online. If you are careless, it will bring you some trouble. You may find the color of the article is different from what you want, or the size is either too small or too big. If you want to be different, you”d better not buy clothes online.
Once you put on the clothes you bought online and go out, you will find many people wear the same clothes in the street.
一、使用词典及注重阅读
词典是学习一门语言的工具,很多学生学英语没有经常查英语词典的习惯,这是不良的学习习惯,应该多多使用词典。有的语言学家认为甚至看一个学生使用什么样的词典就可以判断的的学习水平。我认为首选的应该是经济实惠的英汉双解词典,如:《郎文英汉双解活用词典》(LONGMAN ACTIVE STUDY ENGLISH-CHINESE DICTIONARY)(上海译文出版社,32元),然后再过度到使用英英词典。当然,查名词通常需要借助汉英词典。在查英语词典的时候我们还应该学习的是词语的搭配。如:because of后只能接名词词组(做宾语),because后只能接表示原因的从句。学习单词时请记住英语单词的词性。如bribe可以是名词,也可以作为动词来使用。如:The bank teller bribed his banker.(银行出纳员贿赂他的上司) The banker was charged with taking bribes from the bank teller.(银行经理被指控接受出纳员的贿赂)The government fights against the bribery(政府打击行贿受贿)。学习词的时候一般情况下不要孤立地学,否则容易忘记。尽量作到“词不离句,句不离文。”有的学生写作文的时候从英语词典里找到他们需要的词。这并不是明智的学习英语写作的方法。或者根据自己的汉语思维将要表达的意思写出来,写出来的英语往往给人感觉非常蹩脚而不自然。前提是他在写作文以前到没有大量的阅读中去吸取知识的养分,培养语感,就象蜜蜂不采蜜就酿不出蜜的道理一样。
二、善用词汇提高写作水平
句子是由词组合而成的。有的学生在写英语作文的时候,喜欢用生僻的词,认为这样可以得到高分。我觉得这似乎有些“为赋新诗强说愁”的味道。如I deem(我想),而不用I think.一位美国的心理学博士Lois Gail认为:deem通常不可以取代 think. 因为 deem 是英语中非常正式的说法,包含了判断和权威。她用英语讲解:In current English, “deem” is very formal and almost connotes judgment and is not commonly used as a substitute for “think.” 用什么样的词要分场合。如果是一个非常庄严肃穆的场合,可以用deem, 但如果表达个人对某一问题的看法,还是要用think合情理些。
有的学生写作文的时候反复用一个词组,会给人枯燥的感觉。如:Every morning, I get up early, then go to do some sports. Doing sports makes me healthy and smart.作文中的用法都是正确的,但更好的则是:Every morning, I get up early to play basketball or go some jogging, which makes me healthy and energetic. 中国学生在英语作文中喜欢用的一个英语表达法do some sports(从事体育运动),是从中学英语课本学来的。可是在现代英语里,这个表达法几乎没有人使用了。如果从事体育运动,就具体表达成:play basketball, play football.等等。
三、善用句型提高写作水平
写作文首先是从写正确的句子开始。一个句子从语法上讲是指由大写字母开始,由名词,动词或词组构成的一个陈述句,祈使句,惊叹句和疑问句。由句号,疑问号或惊叹号来结束。表示一个意思讲完了,它表示停顿和呼吸。音乐的乐谱讲“乐句,”一个乐句弹奏完了要停顿一下是一样的道理。 要注意的是很多(包括美国)学生在写英语作文的时候,不知道英语的句号要用在引号前面。正确的例句如:She said, “You are a good girl.”这一细节请注意。有的学生写英语作文喜欢用复合句,认为这样不容易出错。其实,很多学生连简单的英语句子都不能保证写对的时候,就写出来些错误的复合句。这就象一个小孩还没有学会走路就开始学跑步,肯定是要跌跤的。我认识一位美国的高中英语教师,美国文学学士Temple Sterling 女士认为将英语作为外语来学习的学生还是先学会使用简单句然后再学习复合句也不迟。
(一)尽量使用基本句型
英语句子结构的特点是:相对于德语,法语,俄语,英语“比较简单,自然,合乎逻辑思维的自然顺序。”(李赋宁《英语学习经验谈》147页)。要写好英语作文首先要掌握基本的英语句型:英语千变万化的句子归根到底都离不开以下这五个基本的句型。(《大学英语》:语法与练习 第一册第1页)通常情况下,一个句子的关键在于动词。有人提出的观点是:动词是一个句子的灵魂。
1. Mary is a (主——动——主补)
2. The flowers are blooming. SV (主——动)
3. I have a pen. SVO(主——动——宾)
4. The mother will buy the girl a bike. SVOi (间接宾语)Od(直接宾语) (主——动——间宾——直宾)
5. The parents consider the child a genius. SVOCo (主——动——宾——宾补)
英语中的系表结构也很常用。如:You look 与happy构成系表结构。
(二)活用英语连词
英语里有些短语就象水泥一样把整个段落的构连架连接起来。如:表示结果:as a result, consequently, therefore, etc. in contrast, however, etc. 递进:furthermore, in addition, etc. 总结:in a word, in brief, in short, etc. 转折:but, in spite of, etc. 原因:because, because of, 让步:though
(三)学会使用平行结构
平行结构相当于汉语里的排比结构,它是英美人喜欢使用的一种语言结构,即将相类似的词或者动词结构放在一起,这样不容易出错,并且排列整齐,营造出一种气势。根据一个美国老师的观点,如果一个中国人向英国或是美国的公司用写英语求职信,会使用平行结构的人将会被优先录用。
平行结构例句1,Mary is a kind, cute, clever, happy girl.
例2,Every morning, after I get up, I get dressed, make bed,brush my teeth, wash my face, have breakfast and go to school.(有下划线部分为平行结构。)
(四)运用语气加强情感
英语里有一些缩写,如I#39;m , he#39;s , she#39;s, I#39;ve, I don#39;t 等等,you#39;re 的读音与your 相同。所有的这些缩写形式都是英语里不正式的用法和语气。在正式语体中,如果给美国总统写信,就不可以用缩写形式,而必须要用 I am, You are, He is 等等。用He is hard-working 比he works hard.语气弱。(be 结构比动词的气弱要弱。)long for语气很强,一般只能在恋人之间使用。如英语一首情歌歌词:I am longing for you.
四、段落层次分明
一个典型的英语段落往往先点明主题思想,即(topic sentence),然后再对该主题加以分析,论证,即(support),最后是一个总结性的句子,即(conclusion)。(姚君伟《跨文化语境下的外语教学》188页)
例:(主题句:)Competition is common in every field of life.(展开部分:)(1:) For example, the Olympic Games is the most famous competition in the world. (2:)In the four hundred meter swimming race, the swimmers plunge into the water at the signal.( 3:)Each swings his or her arms and legs and tries his or her best to be the first. (4:)Also there is the competition for jobs, for promotion, for customers, and so on. (总结:)We can say ,in a certain sense, competition stimulating people#39;s interest in work helps society to go forward.
如果 将段落的结构再扩展,就成为一篇文章的结构。美式写作结构的特点是:段落层次分明,观点阐述平行推进,直线思维,逻辑性强,行文如流水,简洁明了。(崔晓霞《大学英语作文应试章法》第7页)
五、运用口语培养英语思维
提高英语的作文可以从训练英语口语开始,口语是文字的先锋。“口头语言早在人类社会形成之初就已出现,至尽已经存在了几百万年,而书面文字的历史只有短短几千年。”(胡壮麟《语言学简明教程》133页)英国著名的英语教学专家格兰特在20xx年3月20日的英语《二十一世纪报》增刊上谈到口语的提高可以促进英语作文水平。他在文中指出:“Oral skills are important both in themselves, and also because they help one to prepare for writing. The best oral activities often lead to written activities that benefit from them.” 还应该多与英美人交流,在实际的生活中了解他们的语言习惯与思维习惯,还可以学到书本上学不到的知识。
思维是写作的前提条件。著名语言学家王力先生曾说“中国的语言是人制的,西洋的语言是法制的。”所以他们的语言逻辑性强,人情味淡;我们的语言逻辑性差,人情味强。如:1)我的祖母还健在。英语:My grandma is still alive(我的祖母还活着).我想只有通过大量的阅读才能培养良好的英语的思维和语感,克服来自母语的干扰。话题又回到阅读上来,读多了就自然培养英语思维,就可以不再受母语思维的干扰。“英语思维在写作中的好处是可以用英美人习惯的`言语来表达思想。”
一、指代方面的错误
在使用代词it,he,this,that,which,one等时,前文中应出现明确的先行词。
如:Since we cannot know what particular bit of knowledge a child will need in the future,it is senseless to force him to learn it.,这句话中,him和it这两个代词都有明确的先行词,分别是a child和knowledge,因此句子的含义非常清楚。
可是,不少学生在使用这些代词时,虽然自己很清楚它们指代的是什么,但在作文中却没有交代清楚,结果这些代词非但没有使行文简洁,反而造成了意思上的模糊,让阅卷老师不知所云。
误:Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden they have to bear.
正:Sometimes the teacher will inform students of the heavy burden he has to bear.
【说明】句1中的they既可指教师,也可指学生,属指代不清的。可以把它们中的任意一个改成单数名词。因为单数名词也可以泛指一类。
二、修饰方面的错误
修饰语应紧靠被修饰的成分,并和它形成正确的逻辑关系。如果修饰语的位置不妥当,就会造出模棱两可的病句。
误:To keep the air clean, we must move the factories which give off poisonous gases to the countryside.
正:To keep the air clean, we must move the factories to the countryside if they give off poisonous gases.
【说明】句1要表达的是把有害气体排放到农村,还是把工厂迁到农村去?显然修饰语to the countryside的位置放错了。如句2改变一下结构,就能清楚地表达要表达的意思了。
三、一致方面的错误
在一个句子内部或紧邻的两三个句子之间,要保持时态、人称、数等的一致。
误:Whether one enjoys or resents advertisements, we are actually bombarded with it every hour of the day.
正:Whether we enjoy or resent advertisements, we are actually bombarded with them every hour of the day.
【说明】代词应与所指代的先行词保持人称和数上的一致。句1也可改成Whether one enjoys or resents the advertisement, he is actually bombarded with it every hour of the day.
四、平行结构方面的错误
这里专指语态、比较级、非谓语形式、冠词用法、可数名词和不可数名词、不定代词单复数以及时态等错误。
1、误:Narrow streets easily cause to happen many traffic accidents.
正:narrow streets easily cause many traffic accidents. (to happen)
误:A great change has been taken place since then.
正:A great change has taken place since then.
误:But it may occur some new problems.
正:But some new problems may occur/arise.
误:Opportunities are only belonged to those who work hard.
正:Opportunities only belong to those who work hard.
【说明】happen,take place,occur,arise等动词和动词词组一般既不能用作被动结构,也不能作为及物动词带宾语的。但学生作文中类似的错误较多:Our country has taken place a great change in many fields.
2、误:The pace of our modern life is getting more faster and faster.
正:The pace of our modern life is getting faster and faster.
误:Electricity is the most important power in our daily life than other kinds of power.
正:Electricity is the most important power in our daily life.
误:Thus our city will be greatly beautiful than it is now.
正:Thus our city will be far more beautiful than it is now.
【说明】这些都是在使用比较形式时出现的错误。尤其是第1例较普遍。如more easier,more stronger等。
五、断句方面的错误
一句句子没有结束,又开始新的一句,结果造成句子结构不全,这就成为断句。
误:TV becomes an important part in our daily life. Because we cannot live without it.
正:TV becomes an important part in our daily life,because we cannot live without it.
【说明】以because,since,if等引导的从句是不能独立成句的,只能依属于主句,所以不能写成另一句。
六、连词方面的错误
作文中缺少必要的连词,或错用连词的现象也比较普遍。
误:One should improve his English,one should overcome difficulties in studies.
正:If one wants to improve his English,he should overcome difficulties in studies.
【说明】学生在写作中往往意识不到连词的重要,不善于使用连词和连接副词来明确标示出因果关系、转折关系、递进关系等。
七、搭配方面的错误
学生作文中用词搭配方面的错误也占有较大比例。曾经在一次六级作文阅卷中,近千篇作文在表达上海交通越来越拥挤这个意思时,几乎没有一篇用 heavier,大多数人用的是The traffic in Shanghai is getting more and more crowded,而traffic是不能与crowded搭配的。
1、误:However the speed of a car is much faster than that of a bicycle.
正:However the speed of a car is much higher than that of a bicycle.
【说明】speed只能和high,low,good,top,normal,fantastic,moderate,surprising等搭配,不能与fast,quick,slow搭配。但可以这样说A car is much faster in speed than a bicycle.
2、误:In the past the price of milk was so expensive that most families could not afford it.
正:In the past the price of milk was so high that most families couldnt afford it.
【说明】price只和high,low,inflated,moderate,minimum,original,popular,prevailing,published,reduced,reasonable等搭配,不能与expensive,cheap搭配,但可以说In the past,milk was so expensive that most families couldnt afford it.
由此可见,要提高对词语搭配的驾驭能力,除了要在平时的阅读过程中多积累,还需要克服中文中诸如速度快、价格贵、学习知识、人减少等搭配的影响,避免写出look book或see book这样的笑话来。
八、误用方面
in recent year,overseas studying is very popular。 more and more people go abroad in order to studying。
different people have different idears on this phenomenon。some people think that it is no neccersary,beacause they think that the knowledge in motherland is enough。however,other people approve of overseas studying。they think it is helpful to improve themselves in learning and working。
in my opinion,it is beneficial。first,it provides many chances for people who want to make progress;second,it is a mind—exparding experience,people who went abroad can obtain the culture,customs and so on;third,facing with the vocational pressure nowdays。it is very important chances to overseas studying 。
so ,i think overseas studying is very important to everyone。
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