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连接词又称胶水词,就像英语的骨架一样重要,学会了胶水词,同时拥有词组的累积,你就可以轻松灵活的造出任何需要的长句,让你的英文交流如鱼得水。先学胶水词,也是英语速成的窍门之一。为了快速掌握词组和连接词的用法,我们需要运用到一个数学方法——括号法,该方法可以帮你明白如何剖析英语长句,以及如何运用胶水词创造自己的的长句。例如:(The bicycle track) (is) (between) (the road) (and) (the river). 这个句子所要表达的只有3个东西之间的关系,括号能帮你分清楚什么内容**“东西”以及什么内容**“关系”。复杂的从句同样可以用括号法理清内部架构,从而掌握从句的逻辑和背后沟通的意思。
下面让我们来熟悉一下常用的英语连接词包括哪些:
(1)表示承接的过渡词:also,and,and then,too,in addition,furthermore,moreover,what's more, again,on top of that,another,first,second,third等。
(2)表示时间顺序的过渡词:now,then,before,after,afterwards,earlier,later,immediately,soon,next,in a few days,gradually,suddenly,finally··等。(但是你可以感受到这些词是副词,所以原词条对于“连接词”即连词是错误的)
(3)表示空间顺序的过渡词:near(to),far(from),in front of,behind,beside,beyond,above,below,to the right/left,around,outside等。
(4)表示比较的过渡词:in the same way,just like,just as等。(5)表示转折的过渡词:but,still,yet,however,nevertheless,nonetheless,on the contrary,in spite of/ in spite of the fact that,even though,although,despite / despite the fact that等。
(6)一方面,另一方面:on the one hand,on the other hand,for one thing,for another等。
(7)表示结果和原因的过渡词:because,since,so,as a result,therefore,then,furthermore,thus,otherwise等。(as a result ,therefore, thus并不是连词而是介词,尤其是thus,虽然有连词的用法,但是不常用)
(8)表示目的的过渡词:for this reason,for this purpose,so that等。
(9)表示强调的过渡词:in fact,indeed,surely,necessarily,certainly,without any doubt,truly,to repeat,above all,most important等。
(10)表示解释说明的过渡词:for example,in fact,in this case,for actually, for instance等。
(11)表示总结的过渡词:in a word,above all,,all in all,finally,at last,in conclusion,as I have shown,in another word,in brief,in short,in general,on the whole,as has been stated,last but not least等
1.表文章结构顺序:First of all,Firstly/First,Secondly/Second… And then,Finally,In the end,At last
2.表并列补充关系:What is more,Besides,Moreover,Furthermore,In addition As well as,not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系:However,On the contrary,but,Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表 因 果 关 系:Because,As,So,Thus,Therefore,As a result
5.表换一种方式表达:In other words,that is to say,
6.表进行举例说明:For example;For instance;such as+n/doing
7.表 陈 述 事 实:In fact,frankly speaking,
8.表达自己观点:As far as I know/concerned,In my opinion,personally, as to me
9.表总结:In short,In a word,In conclusion,In summary,all in all, briefly/ in brief ; generally speaking, as you know, as is known to all
注意以下过渡词:
1、表示时间的
af first 起初
next 接下来
then 然后
after that 那以后
later 后来
soon 不久
soon/shortly after ……之后不久
finally 最后
in the end 最后
eventually 最终
at last 终于
lately 近来
recently 最近
since then 自从那时起
after that 那以后
in no time 不一会儿
after a while 一会儿
afterward 后来
to begin/start with=in the first place 首先、第一点
immediately 立即、马上
meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time 在此期间、同时
earlier, until now 直到现在
suddenly=all of a sudden 突然
as a young man 当…… 是个年轻人的时候
at the age of… 在……岁的时候
as early as 早……的时候
as soon as 一……就……
before, the other day 几天前
early in the morning 大清早
after/before dark 天黑后/前
one day 有一天
one afternoon 一天下午
one morning 一天早晨
2、表示空间的
to the right/left 朝右/左
on the rinht/left 在右/左边
in the middle of 在中间
in front of 在前面
in the front of 在前面
at the back of 在后面
at the bottom of 在底部
on the edge of 在……的边上
on top of 在……的顶部
opposite to 与……相对
close to 靠近
near to 在……附近
next to 与……相邻
under 垂直在下
over 垂直在上
below 在下方
above 在上方
across 在……的另一边
around 在周围
behind 在后
before 在前
against 靠着、抵着
further on 再往前
3、表示列举和时序
first, second, third…finally
firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally
first of all, next then, lastly
for one thing…for another…
at the same time
at first
at last
4、表示列举
for example 例如:……
namely 即……
for instance 例如:……
that is (to say) 也就是说
such as 如……
take…for example 拿……来说
like 像……
5、表示比较或对比
like 像
unlike 不像
similarly 同样地
in the same way 以相同的`方式
compared to 与……相比
while 而
still=nevertheless 然而
on the contrary 正相反
different from 与……不同
on (the) one hand…on the other hand 一方面……另一方面
in contrast with 与……成对比
6、表示增补
and 而且
both…and 不但……而且
not only…but also 不但……而且
as well as 不但……而且
also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且
in addition 并且
apart from 除了……之外
what's more 而且、更重要的
for another 另一方面
worse still=what's worse=to make matter worse 更糟糕的是
including 包括
7、表示因果
because 因为
since 既然
as 由于
now that 既然
therefore 因此
thus 这样
so 所以
as a result (of) 结果
because of=on account of 因为
thanks to 多亏、由于
for this reason 由于这个原因
if so 如果这样
if not 如果不是这样
8、表示目的
for this purpose
in order to do
so as to do
so that…
in order that…
9、表示让步
though/although
no matter+疑问句
in spite of
whatever/however/whoever
even if/ even though
10、表示递进或强调
besides 况且
what's more 更重要地是
thus 这样
above all 首先
indeed 的确
in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上
in other words 换句话说
in that case 那样的话
or rather 更确切地说
particularly 特别地
英语作文常用连接词:
(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词:either…or…,neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…。
(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词:therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …,because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。
(3)表时间顺序的连接词:the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhyle, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first(second…)time, the minute等。
(4)表转折关系的连接词:yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time(然而)等。
(5)表解释说明的连接词:that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。
(6)表递进关系的连接词:not only…but (also), what,s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。
(7)表示总结的连接词:in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等。
下面就给大家总结一下Conclusions常用的一些单词和短语。
36. 总之 (In conclusion)
用法:通常用于介绍Essay的结尾段落或句子,总结您讨论的内容。
例如:“总之,我要感谢我们的演讲嘉宾。”
“In conclusion, I would like to thank our guest speaker.”
37. 首先 (Above all)
用法:用来表示你认为最重要的一点,以及Essay的主要内容。
例如:“首先,它需要一个合理的采购政策。
“Above all, it needs a rational procurement policy. …”
38. 有说服力(Persuasive)
用法:用于表示让人相信某件事实。
例如:“你的论据非常有说服力”。“Your arguments are very persuasive.”
39。令人信服的 (Compelling)
用法:和persuasive 一样的用法。
例如:“去的理由很令人信服的。” “It's a fairly compelling argument for going.”
40. 总的说来 (All things considered)
用法:这意味着“考虑到所有因素”。
例如:“总的说来,我认为晚会是成功的——我指的是我们没有多少时间准备,但仍然一切顺利。”
“I think the party was great, all things considered - I mean we didn't have much time to get ready, but it still went well.”
当你在提出论证时,你经常需要提出对比或反对的意见或证据。以使您的文章成为更科学,更有趣的,需要 “but”这个词以外还用其他对比的单词和短语。
17.然而 (However)
用法: 使用“however”引入一个不同意你刚才所说的观点。
例如: “学者A认为这一点。 然而,学者B得出了不同的结论。”
“Scholar A thinks this. However, Scholar B reached a different conclusion.”
18. 另一方面 (On the other hand)
用法: 使用这个短语包括引入对同一证据的对比解释,一个不同的证据或反对意见。
例如: “历史证据似乎表明了明确的情况。 另一方面,考古证据表明当天发生的事情并不那么简单。”
“The historical evidence appears to suggest a clear-cut situation. On the other hand, the archaeological evidence presents a somewhat less straightforward picture of what happened that day.”
19. 话虽如此 (Having said that)
用法: 以与“however”或“but”类似的方式使用。
例如: “我妈说了不可以相信别人,因为有些人总是给你打击, 话虽如此我们依然也能从中取得经验.”
“My mother said that people can't be trusted, as some of them always set you up. Having said that, we can still gain experience from it.^v^
20.相比之下 (By contrast/in comparison)
用法: 当比较和对比证据时,请使用“相比之下”。
例如: “学者A的观点是基于不足的证据。 相比之下,学者B的观点似乎更合理.”
“Scholar A’s opinion is based on insufficient evidence. By contrast, Scholar B’s opinion seems more plausible.”
21. 话说回来 (Then again)
用法:使用它来对论点产生怀疑。
例如: “作家A说这就是发生这个情况的原因。话说回来,有可能他由得到报酬说这个.”
“Writer A says that this was the reason for what happened. Then again, it’s possible that he was being paid to say this.”
22. 那就是说 (That said)
用法:这与 “having said that ”的方式相同。
例如: “表面上看来,证据表明这一结论。那就是说,大部分证据充其量是不可靠的.”
“On the surface, the evidence leads to this conclusion. That said, most of the evidence is unreliable.”
23. 但是 (Yet)
用法:当你想引入一个鲜明对比的想法时使用它。
例如: “大部分学术都集中在这一证据上。但是不是每个人都同意这是这种情况最重要的方面。”
“Much of scholarship has focused on this evidence. Yet not everyone agrees that this is the most important aspect of the situation.”
12.连接各类从句的连接词
时间状语从句:when, not…until, as soon as
目的状语从句:so that+clause; to do(为了)
结果状语从句:so…that+clause, too…to do(太……以至于……) 条件状语从句:if, unless(除非), as long as(只要)
让步状语从句:though(尽管,不与but连用), although(尽管,不与but连用), even though(即使), even if(即使) no matter what/when/where/who/which/how (无论…) 比较:as…as…, not so…as…, than
13.用来提建议的句型
I suggest / advice that you should do 我建议你做…
If I were you, I would do… (虚拟句型)我要是你的话,我会做… It’s best to do 最好做…
You had better (not) do 最好(不)做 How about / what about doing …怎么样? I think you should do 我认为你应该…
Why not do / why don’t you do…? 为什么不…
Only in this way can we do it well (这句话一般用于所提出的建议
之后,意思为:只有通过这种办法,我们才能把它做好. 注意: 该句型用倒装语序,用得好的话肯定会成为该篇作文的亮点)
I’m looking forward to your early reply! 期待你今早回复我
6.表进行举例说明
For example+句子(意思是:例如)可以用于句中,句首,句尾; such as…and so on
7.表陈述事实
In fact 事实上
8.表达自己观点
As far as I know / as far as I am concerned In my opinion /for my apart , to tell the truth 说实话 ;to be honest 诚实地说 ,generally speaking 通常来说 这些短语一般都用于最后一段的开头 ,用来陈述自己的观点。
9.表总结
In short(总之)、 In a word(总之). 一般也用于最后一段表示总结。
10. as is known to (us) all ,as we know .(据我所知),
It is said /reported that + 句子 据说/报道…
recently 最近用于作文开头,其后一般用现在完成时态
with the development of the (economy )随着(经济)的发展等连接词或者短语 (一般用于句首,用于陈述事实)
11…已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。
例如:……has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
1) by and large 总的来说,大体上
2) briefly speaking 简而言之
3) generally speaking 一般来说
4) to be brief 一句话来说
5) in brief 简言之
6) Consequently 所以,结果
7) in a word 总而言之
8) in conclusion 总之,结论
9) in general 一般来说
10) in summary 扼要,总结
11) on the whole总的来说,整体上说
12) to conclude 总而言之,总之
连接词根据其本身的意思和文章连接所需要的逻辑意义可分为几类:
a.表示开场to begin with , in the first place , in general , generally speaking
b.表示总结to summarize , to sum up , to conclude , in conclusion , finally
c.表示举例a case in point , a good illustration / example of ... is ...
d.表示原因because , since , for , the cause of , the reason for , now that
e.表示结果as a result , as a consequence , consequently
f.表示比较both , like , likewise , similarly , in common , in the same way
g.表示对照on the contrary , on the other hand , despite , in spite of , however
h.表示列举first , firstly , in the first place , first of all , to begin with
i.表示强调especially , particularly , certainly , surely , chiefly , actually
j.表示让步even though , although , in spite of , however , but , yet
英文写作必备连接词(扩展2)
——四六级必备英语写作连接词
四六级必备英语写作连接词
首先需要看一下语言,了解复杂点表示因果关系的方式。
1.为了(In order to)
用法:“In order to”可以用来为解释原因。
例如:“为了了解X,我们首先要了解Y” 。
“In order to understand X, we need first to understand Y.”
2. 换句话说 (In other words)
用法: 当你想以不同的方式(更简单地)表达某些东西时,可以用“换句话说”。
例如: “青蛙是两栖动物。 换句话说,他们生活在陆地和水中” 。
“Frogs are amphibians. In other words, they live on the land and in the water.”
3. 换一种方式 (To put it another way)
用法: 当你认为这样的表述会帮读者更好地理解语境时,这句话是“In other words”的另一种说法,并且应该用在更复杂的句子中。
例如:“植物依赖于光合作用。换一种方式,他们会在没有太阳的情况下死去.”
“Plants rely on photosynthesis. To put it another way, they will die without sun.”
4. 也就是说 (That is to say)
用法: “That is”和“that is to say” 可用于详细地作出已提及的信息.
例如: “鲸鱼是哺乳动物。 也就是说,他们必须呼吸空气.”
“Whales are mammals. That is to say, they must breathe air.”
5. 为此目的 (To that end)
用法: 该表达式可以与“in order to”或“so”相同的方式使用。
例如: “动物学家长期以来一直试图了解动物如何相互沟通。为此目的,我们开展了一项新研究,观察大象的声音及其可能的意义.”
“Zoologists have long sought to understand how animals communicate with each other. To that end, a new study has been launched that looks at elephant sounds and their possible meanings.”
当您想要证明某一事情的重要性时,可以用几种方法来强调它。
33. 显著(Significantly)
用法:用于引入意味深长的; 值得注目的信息。
例如: “研究表明,定期摄入维生素可显著改善大脑功能。”。
“Studies suggest that regular intake of the vitamin significantly improves brain function “.
34. 特别是 (Notably)
用法:这可用于表示“显着”(如上所述),并且也可与“尤其是”互换使用。
例如:“这家公司开始吸引投资者,特别是日本大型金融会社” 。
“The company is beginning to attract investors, most notably big Japanese banks”.
35.重要的是 (Importantly)
用法:用于表示你在描述的事很重要。
例如:“无论你什么时候开始,重要的是开始之后就不要停止”。
“No matter when you start, importantly not to stop after you start” 。
有时,您可能需要承认证据不足或附加条件。 以下是一些这样做的方法。
24.尽管如此 (Despite this)
用法:用于表示两个事物之间的对比。
例如: “样本量很小,但尽管如此,结果仍很重要。”
“The sample size was small, but the results were important despite this.”
25. 考虑到这一点 (With this in mind) / 记着
用法:当您希望读者考虑其他方面的知识时,请使用此方法.
例如: “失败是成功之母。考虑到这一点, 他开始重新审视这次试验的失败。”
“Failure is the mother of success。 With this in mind, he began to re-examine the failure of the experiment.^v^
26. 只要 (Provided that)
用法:这引导出条件分句。
例如: “只要船按时出发,我们应该早上到达法国。”
“Provided that the boat leaves on time, we should reach France by morning.”
27. 鉴于/根据 (In view of/in light of)
用法:介词,表示根据或原因,考虑到。用于书面。
例如: “鉴于最近发生的几宗事件,我们提醒顾客要特别注意看好自己的个人物品。”
“In the light of recent incidents, we are asking our customers to take particular care of their personal belongings.”
28. 然而 (Nonetheless)
用法:这类似于“尽管如此”。用于书面。
例如: “我们国家存在严重问题。然而,我们仍然觉得这是归国的好时机”。
“There are serious problems in our country. Nonetheless, we feel this is a good time to return”.
29. 仍然 (Nevertheless)
用法:这与 “nonetheless” 相同。用于口语。
例如: “关于这个话题我已经知道很多,仍然她的报告听起来还是很有趣.”
“I knew a lot about the subject already, but her talk was interesting nevertheless.”
30. 虽然 (Notwithstanding)
用法:这是另一种说法“尽管如此”。很正式。
例如: “虽然队员有伤病,球队还是在半决赛中获胜” 。
“Injuries notwithstanding, the team won the semifinal.”
H6 表示举例的连接词词
优秀的论文总是有很多例子来证明自己的论点,但如每次都用“例如”这个词,那就太乏味了。 以下是其他几种举例子的方式。
31. 举例说 (For instance)
用法:用于举例的时候。
例如: “一些鸟类迁徙以避免更严酷的冬季气候。 举例说,燕子在初冬离开英国并飞向南方…”
“Some birds migrate to avoid harsher winter climates. Swallows, for instance, leave the UK in early winter and fly south…”
32. 说明 (To give an illustration)
用法:提供例证,解释意思的方式。
例如: “为了说明我的意思,让我们看一下...... ”
“To give an illustration of what I mean, let’s look at the case of…”
为了撰写好的论文,你需要能够不仅使用“and”这个词来添加信息。 下面我们提供另外几个连接词和短语。
6.而且 (Moreover)
用法:用于添加额外信息以支持你正在提出的论点。
例如: “而且,最近一项研究的结果提供了令人信服的证据支持...... ”。
“Moreover, the results of a recent piece of research provide compelling evidence in support of…”
7. 此外 (Furthermore)
用法:这通常用于句子的开头,以添加额外的信息。
例如:“此外,有证据表明...... ” 。“In addition, there is evidence that...”
8. 更重要的是 (What’s more)
用法:其使用方式与“moreover”和“furthermore”相同。
例如:“更重要的是,这不是支持这一假设的唯一证据” 。
“What’s more, this isn’t the only evidence that supports this hypothesis.”
9. 还有 (Likewise)
用法:当你想谈论与你刚才提到事情一致的信息时,请使用“likewise”。
例如: “学者A深信X。还有学者B强烈支持这种观点。”
“Scholar A believes X. Likewise, Scholar B argues compellingly in favor of this point of view.”
10. 同样 (Similarly)
用法: 以与“likewise ”相同的方式使用“similary”。
例如: “当时的观众对贝多芬的新作品感到惊讶,因为它与他们习以为常的音乐截然不同。 同样,我们倾向于对不熟悉的东西做出惊讶的反应.”
“Audiences at the time reacted with shock to Beethoven’s new work, because it was very different to what they were used to. Similarly, we have a tendency to react with surprise to the unfamiliar.”
11. 另一个要记住的关键事项 (Another key thing to remember)
用法: 使用短语 “another key thing to remember ”来引入附加事实而不使用“also”这个词。
例如: “作为一个浪漫主义者,布莱克是人与自然之间更密切关系的支持者。 要记住的另一个关键点是布莱克在工业革命期间写作,这对他周围的世界产生了重大影响。”
“As a Romantic, Blake was a proponent of a closer relationship between humans and nature. Another key point to remember is that Blake was writing during the Industrial Revolution, which had a major impact on the world around him.”
12. 以及 (As well as)
用法: 使用 “as well as” 代替 “also” 或 “and”。
例如: “学者A认为这是由于X以及Y.”
“Scholar A argued that this was due to X, as well as Y.”
13.不仅......而且 (Not only… but also)
用法: 用于添加额外的信息,通常比第一条信息更令人惊讶或意外。
例如: “埃德蒙希拉里不仅有幸成为第一个登上珠穆朗玛峰的人,而且还被任命为大英帝国勋章的骑士指挥官。”
“Not only did Edmund Hillary have the honor of being the first to reach the summit of Everest, but he was also appointed Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire.”
14. 再加上(Coupled with)
用法: 用于加上相关的信息,跟连同, 与 ... 一起一样的使用。
例如: “这场罢工,再加上洪水泛滥可能会使食品的供应量大幅度下降。”
“The strike, coupled with the floods, was expected to reduce supplies of food drastically. ”
15. 第一,第二,第三 (Firstly, secondly, thirdly)
用法: 这可以用来构建一个论证,一个接一个地清楚地表达事实。
例如: “有很多支持这个角度的观点。第一,X。第二,Y。第三,Z”。
“There are many points in support of this view. Firstly, X. Secondly, Y. And thirdly, Z.”
16. 更不用说/更不用说了 (not to mention/to say nothing of)
用法:”可以用来增加额外的信息。
例如: “这场战争给数百万人带来了前所未有的痛苦,更不用说它对国家经济的影响了.”
“The war caused unprecedented suffering to millions of people, not to mention its impact on the country’s economy.”
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